Combined experimental thin films, TDDFT-DFT theoretical method, and spin effect on [PEG-H2O/ZrO2+MgO]h hybrid nanofluid flow with higher chemical rate

Abstract Doped zirconium oxide nanoparticles [ZrO2]NPs in the [PEG–H2O] and [TiO2]NPs in the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]C matrices to fabricated the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid films by a sol–gel method, the average crystallite size is 100 ± 5 nm. The nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid thin films are studied using combined experimental and DFT theoretical method (DMOl3), including FTIR spectrum and optical properties. Mathematically, Higher rate of reactions of rotating [PEG/H2O–ZrO2]m, and [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h nanofluids on an extending sheet is considered with thermal radiation and heat source. The numerical Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg of 4–5th order (RKF45) method is used to solve the issue. The results specifically determine that Δ E g Opt ${\Delta}{E}_{g}^{\text{Opt}}$ values decrease from 2.27 eV for [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]m mono nanofluid to 1.596 eV for [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid using the DFT computations HOMO and LUMO calculation. This result concluded that the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]m transformed from semiconductor to [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h as a superconductor hybrid nanofluid by addition [TiO2]NPs. The hybrid nanoparticles have a higher influence than nanoparticles on the velocity distributions.

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Irreversibility Analysis in Hybrid Nanofluid Flow between Two Rotating Disks with Activation Energy and Cross-Diffusion Effects

Chinese Journal of Physics ◽

10.1016/j.cjph.2021.03.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Suresh Kumar Raju ◽

M. Jayachandra Babu ◽

C.S.K. Raju

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Hybrid Nanofluid ◽

Rotating Disks ◽

Nanofluid Flow ◽

Cross Diffusion ◽

Diffusion Effects

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Flow towards a Stagnation Region of a Vertical Plate in a Hybrid Nanofluid: Assisting and Opposing Flows

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math9040448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Iskandar Waini ◽

Anuar Ishak ◽

Ioan Pop

Keyword(s):

Radiation Effects ◽

Vertical Plate ◽

Similarity Transformation ◽

Fluid Motion ◽

Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽

Problem Solver ◽

Hybrid Nanofluid ◽

Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽

Nanofluid Flow ◽

Stagnation Region

This study investigates a hybrid nanofluid flow towards a stagnation region of a vertical plate with radiation effects. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles which are added into water to form Cu-Al2O3/water nanofluid. The stagnation point flow describes the fluid motion in the stagnation region of a solid surface. In this study, both buoyancy assisting and opposing flows are considered. The similarity equations are obtained using a similarity transformation and numerical results are obtained via the boundary value problem solver (bvp4c) in MATLAB software. Findings discovered that dual solutions exist for both opposing and assisting flows. The heat transfer rate is intensified with the thermal radiation (49.63%) and the hybrid nanoparticles (32.37%).

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