Revisiting the innovation dynamics theory: How effectiveness- and efficiency-oriented process innovations accompany product innovations

Technovation ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102410
Author(s):  
Sven Wittfoth ◽  
Theo Berger ◽  
Martin G. Moehrle
Keyword(s):  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Innovation Dynamics ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

scholarly journals Employment Effects of Innovation at the Firm Level

2007 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lachenmaier ◽  
Horst Rottmann
Keyword(s):  
Employment Growth ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Positive Effect

SummaryThis paper analyzes empirically the effects of innovation on employment at the firm level using a uniquely long panel dataset of German manufacturing firms. The overall effect of innovations on employment often remains unclear in theoretical contributions due to reverse effects. We distinguish between product and process innovations and additionally introduce different innovation categories. We find clearly positive effects for product and process innovations on employment growth with the effects for process innovations being slightly higher. For product innovations that involved patent applications we can identify an additional positive effect on employment.

The Impact of Migration and Innovations on the Life Cycles and Size Distribution of Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-549
Author(s):  
Dani Broitman ◽  
Itzhak Benenson ◽  
Daniel Czamanski
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Migration Dynamics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

We present a comprehensive agent-based model of a closed system of cities. The model includes two types of agents—employees and firms. Firms compete for workers and make decisions concerning what to produce and whether to adopt innovations. Individual employees make migration decisions. Some migrants become intrapreneurs when their employers adopt production process innovations that they propose. Some migrants become entrepreneurs when the product innovations that they propose are implemented by their employers in new subsidiary firms. These firms tend to be technological leaders. The decisions of individuals and of firms generate innovation–migration dynamics that generate a variety of city sizes. A city that is home to firms that are currently relatively attractive to migrating innovators experience moderate or fast growth. Because of particular decision patterns by individuals and firms, this growth may decline and stop, and the city may stagnate and loose workers as its relative attractiveness decreases. Cities that remain unattractive for long periods can stop growing and shrink. We model explicitly the extent to which cities attract immigrants and innovators and demonstrate that the size distribution of cities is defined by the ability of its resident firms to adopt the innovations and to let the product innovators establish technologically advanced enterprises. These decisions result in high market value of the most productive firms, of the entire industrial system the city where the firm is located, and of the entire urban system.

scholarly journals Management Premises and Barriers in the Metal Industry in Poland in the Context of Innovative Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daroń ◽  
Górska
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Metal Industry ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Polish Economy ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

The metal industry is an important part of industrialized economies. It is not possible to imagine the development of such sectors as construction, automotive, or household appliance production without products of the metal sector. Moreover, metals are renewable raw materials, which is especially important for sustainable development. The main objective of the paper is to present management trends in metal market enterprises in Poland in the context of innovative activities. The paper characterizes this sector, presenting its importance for the Polish economy, and analyzes innovative activities of enterprises producing metals and metal products. To this end, domestic and international statistics were gathered and presented, supplemented with questionnaire surveys of a group of 112 enterprises from this sector. The presented results are broken down into small, medium-sized, and big enterprises, indicating differences in premises guiding enterprises when making managerial decisions in the field of innovation. Also, barriers to be overcome by metal sector enterprises differing in employment size are presented. The paper proves, e.g., that for all groups of surveyed enterprises, the process innovations are the most important, while product innovations are less important for small enterprises because this group of companies mostly manufactures very simple basic metal products.

scholarly journals Green Practices among Fashion Manufacturers: Relationship with Cultural Innovativeness and Perceived Benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dooyoung Choi ◽  
Tae-Im Han
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Green Practices ◽  
Google Search

The purpose of this study was to examine green practices implemented among fashion manufacturers and identify factors that drive the adoption of those practices, specifically focusing on a company’s cultural innovativeness and the perceived benefits of green innovations. An online survey was created containing both open-ended and multiple-choice questions using Likert scales. Data were gathered from 29 fashion manufacturers that were identified by the Google search engine and then approached. Qualitative data were analyzed to obtain insights into fashion manufacturers’ green practices and a cluster analysis was conducted to categorize companies into distinct groups based on their level of green product innovations and green process innovations. Our findings suggest that the adoption of green practices was related to a company’s internal characteristics such as cultural innovativeness and social responsibility perceptions. Perceived benefits from green practices were not a sufficient motivator for adopting those practices. It is important to examine manufacturers’ perceptions of becoming more involved in green practices because they have great potential to make a positive impact on the mainstream industry and appeal to a wider market audience.

scholarly journals Enterprise innovation in technology incubators and university business incubators in the context of Polish industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-817
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Gorączkowska
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Technology Incubators ◽  
Product And Process

Research Background: The development of fledgling enterprises, especially those associated with medium-high and high technology is not easy. They often need to develop from inception a born global strategy, which is a great challenge at the beginning of a new business. Therefore, there is a global phenomenon of incubation, which supports young enterprises in the early stages of development. In Poland, the institutional dimension of incubation (especially for enterprises associated with modern technologies) consists of technology incubators and university business incubators. Yet, scientific research con-ducted in the area of entrepreneurship incubation gives contradictory results - some assess their activity positively, others negatively. Purpose of the article: Enterprises located in an incubator should allocate funds for R&D activities and create innovations to develop and gain market advantage. With this in mind, the purpose of the article is to check whether technology incubators and university business incubators contribute to an increase in the likelihood of conducting R&D activities and introducing product and process innovations. Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 1058 industrial enterprises distributed across 2 Polish NUTS level 2 regions: Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodships. It concerned innovative activity that enterprises conducted in 2014?2016. Thanks to the use of probit modeling determination was made for the probability of introducing new products and conducting R&D works in entities that used the services of incubators in relation to those that did not belong to them. Findings & Value added: Econometric modeling revealed that in the studied regions incubators contribute to an increase in the introduction of product innovations by enterprises and in conducting R&D activities. Support for the process of implementing innovation occurred significantly more often only in the case where technology incubators were involved. At the same time, it was noticed that only academic incubators increased the chances of introducing product innovations on a global scale. This means that tenants of technology incubators are more innovative than entities outside them, but their innovations in terms of the level of novelty do not differ from innovations implemented in entities outside incubators. The conducted study indicated that the transfer of systemic solutions related to stimulating innovation from developed countries to catching-up countries may be successful. This is a guideline for local authorities to create incubators that allow for an increase in the level of innovation of the incubated enterprises.

scholarly journals Production Innovation and Effective Dissemination of Information for Operator 4.0

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Åsa Fast-Berglund ◽  
Dan Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Effective Dissemination ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Cognitive Automation ◽  
Organizational Innovations

The manufacturing industry is becoming increasingly more complex as the paradigm of mass-production moves, via mass-customization, towards personalized production and Industry 4.0. This increased complexity in the production system also makes everyday work for shop-floor operators more complex. To take advantage of this complexity, shop-floor operators need to be properly supported in order to perform their important work. The shop-floor operators in this future complex manufacturing industry, the Operator 4.0, need to be supported with the implementation of new cognitive automation solutions. These automation solutions, together with the innovativeness of new processes and organizations will increase the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. This paper discusses three different aspects of production innovation in the context of the needs and preferences of information for Operator 4.0. Conclusively, product innovations can be applied in the manufacturing processes, and thus becoming process innovations, but the implementation of such innovations require organizational innovations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Innovation on Employment in Small and Medium Enterprises with Different Growth Rates

2009 ◽  
Vol 229 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Employment Growth ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Negative Growth

SummaryThis article examines the impact of innovation on employment growth in innovating small and medium enterprises. In contrast to existing studies, which typically use the least squares estimation technique, quantile regressions were carried out to analyse the data. This method allows one to examine the effects of innovation at any desired point on the distribution function - for example, in firms experiencing positive or negative growth - providing a more complete picture of the relationship between innovation and employment growth than the standard method of viewing deviations in the average effect. The key finding of the study is that innovation has a positive effect on employment in both growing and shrinking small and medium enterprises. In addition, innovation has a much stronger impact on employee headcounts in companies that are already experiencing strong growth than in their slower growing or shrinking counterparts. When differentiating between product and process innovations, the analysis shows that the introduction of new or improved processes has a larger impact on employment than product innovations. Thus, positive employment effects of innovations are not restricted to narrow segments of the economy. Economic policy aimed at bolstering the innovative strength of firms is thus a strong encouragement to employment on a broad basis.

Innovation Effects of Science-Related Technological Opportunities / Innovationseffekte von technologischen Möglichkeiten aus dem Wissenschaftsbereich

2005 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Becker ◽  
Jürgen Peters
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
The One ◽  
Technological Opportunities ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

SummaryThis paper investigates the innovation effects of science-related technological opportunities. Against the background of theoretical considerations about the interrelation of innovation process and adaptation of external (knowledge) resources, the impacts of technological opportunities stemming from scientific institutions on firms’ innovation input and output are empirically analyzed for the German manufacturing industry. The investigations focus on the question of whether science-related technological opportunities are used as complements or substitutes in the innovation process.The estimations indicate complementary relationships between firms’ innovation input and technological opportunities stemming from scientific institutions. The adaptation of science-related knowledge resources has stimulating effects on the intensity of in-house R&D. The results for the innovation output effects are ambiguous. On the one hand, empirical evidence for complementary impacts on the realization of process innovations could be found. On the other hand, science-related technological opportunities have no enhancing effects on the probability of realizing product innovations. Obviously, knowledge from universities and research institutes stimulates the development of new products more indirectly by increasing in-house capacities and enhancing R&D efficiency.

scholarly journals INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radostina Popova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Comparability Of Results ◽  
Organizational Innovations ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents an analysis of the innovation performance of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria for two periods – before the economic crisis and after it. It contains general characteristics of the Furniture industry (structure of the enterprises, different type of production, export and import) and the results of the surveys of the innovation activity for two 3 year periods. The results from the studies are of the periods: 2006-2008 (563 enterprises) and 2014-2016 (358 enterprises) and are based on officially used EU definitions and indicators (European Commission, OECD, Oslo Manual), which allows for comparability of results. The used indicators are: introduced product innovations, introduced process innovations, introduced organizational innovations, introduced marketing innovations, revenues and costs of innovation and financing of the innovation activities. The results of the comparative analyses of the innovation activity of the furniture enterprises in Bulgaria for the two periods under review showed an increase in: the innovation expenditures and revenues from innovative products, the process innovations -  additional  activities and the financing of innovation activities by the EU. It also showed a decrease in the number of furniture enterprises, product innovations, process innovations and organizational innovations.

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