Sustainable Flexible Pavement Base Stabilization with Pozzolanic Materials Incorporating Sodium Hydroxide and Asphalt Emulsion

The asphalt emulsion mixture is a mixture that can be used in areas that do not have Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP). Indonesia has natural asphalt found in Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi, known as Buton asphalt. Modification of asphalt emulsion with Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA) is expected to be used in regions do not have AMP and utilize local materials so it can reduce the import of oil asphalt. Modification of asphalt emulsion and BGA is needed for research to determine the performance of the mixture so that this mixture is suitable for use. The performance degradation of the asphalt mixture on flexible pavement is due to aging on the asphalt. The aging performance of asphalt mixture can be known by testing Marshall and ITS. The purpose of the test was to determine the stiffness due to the aging process. Based on the Marshall and ITS results that asphalt emulsions mixture containing 10% of Buton granular asphalt can improve mixed performance. The performance of the asphalt emulsion mixture containing Buton granular asphalt has a service life of up to 10 years.

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Comparison of Acrylamide and Agar Gels by Freeze-Etching

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080456 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 606-607

Author(s):

Russell L. Steere ◽

Eric F. Erbe

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Chromic Acid ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Thin Sheets ◽

Acid Cleaning ◽

Agar Gels ◽

Freeze Etching ◽

Water Cut

Thin sheets of acrylamide and agar gels of different concentrations were prepared and washed in distilled water, cut into pieces of appropriate size to fit into complementary freeze-etch specimen holders (1) and rapidly frozen. Freeze-etching was accomplished in a modified Denton DFE-2 freeze-etch unit on a DV-503 vacuum evaporator.* All samples were etched for 10 min. at -98°C then re-cooled to -150°C for deposition of Pt-C shadow- and C replica-films. Acrylamide gels were dissolved in Chlorox (5.251 sodium hypochlorite) containing 101 sodium hydroxide, whereas agar gels dissolved rapidly in the commonly used chromic acid cleaning solutions. Replicas were picked up on grids with thin Foimvar support films and stereo electron micrographs were obtained with a JEM-100 B electron microscope equipped with a 60° goniometer stage.Characteristic differences between gels of different concentrations (Figs. 1 and 2) were sufficiently pronounced to convince us that the structures observed are real and not the result of freezing artifacts.

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Soft ionic liquid based resistive memory characteristics in a two terminal discrete polydimethylsiloxane cylindrical microchannel

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d0tc03334k ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (38) ◽

pp. 13368-13374

Author(s):

Muhammad Umair Khan ◽

Gul Hassan ◽

Jinho Bae

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Acrylic Acid ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Salt ◽

Resistive Memory ◽

Cylindrical Microchannel ◽

Memory Characteristics ◽

Poly Acrylic Acid

This paper proposes a novel soft ionic liquid (IL) electrically functional device that displays resistive memory characteristics using poly(acrylic acid) partial sodium salt (PAA-Na+:H2O) solution gel and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cylindrical microchannel.

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A Probabilistic Approach to Account for Temperature Impact on Flexible Pavement Stiffness

Airfield and Highway Pavements ◽

10.1061/41005(329)5 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Sameh Zaghloul ◽

Nicholas Vitillo ◽

T. Joseph Holland

Keyword(s):

Probabilistic Approach ◽

Flexible Pavement ◽

Temperature Impact

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