scholarly journals Social context of drinking among older adults: Relationship to alcohol and traffic risk behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Beck ◽  
Faika Zanjani ◽  
Hannah K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Alcohol And Traffic

A Risk Appraisal Framework for Injury Etiology

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110181
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Barton ◽  
Shane J. Davis ◽  
Brian J. Pugliese
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Risk Appraisal

Unintentional injury is a significant worldwide health concern. Researchers have called on several occasions for conceptual frameworks to guide work on unintentional injury. Using conceptual approaches to organize our inquiry is one way to advance our knowledge of injury etiology. To this end, we suggest a risk appraisal framework for examining enactment or avoidance of injury risk behaviors. Our framework comprises broad antecedents, focusing on the evaluative stage preceding behaviors. Four categories influencing efficacy related to injury risk behavior are included: environmental context, experience, social context, and strategy. In this article, we explain the categories and concepts in our framework, discuss each in terms of etiology, briefly discuss interrelations between the categories, and suggest future paths using the framework.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status, social capital, health risk behaviors, and health-related quality of life among Chinese older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Shizhen Wang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Mi Luo ◽  
Lina Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Background: The present study described the occurrence of health risk behaviors among Chinese older adults, and developed a structural equation model (SEM) to assess the associations between socioeconomic status (SES), social capital, health risk behaviors, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study in Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Fujian provinces, etc., China between January and March 2018. Demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, place of residence), SES (education level, family income), and health risk behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, overweight or obesity, and sleep insufficient or excessive) were investigated. Social capital and HRQoL were assessed by the 16-item Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS-16) and WHOQOL-Old, respectively. Structural equation modeling was applied to assess the associations between variables. Results: A total of 5439 older adults were included in this study. The prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, overweight or obesity, and sleep insufficient or excessive were 34.7%, 34.4%, 64.3%, 45.0%, 26.6%, and 40.1%, respectively. 75% of the participants reported ≥2 health risk behaviors. Elderly individuals with more co-occurrence number of health risk behaviors demonstrated significant poor HRQoL ( F = 52.99, p <0.01). Smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet exhibited significant negative associations with HRQoL. Social capital, SES, as well as overweight or obesity, and sleep insufficient or excessive showed positive associations with HRQoL. Higher level of social capital positively associated with the occurrence of alcohol consumption, sleep insufficient or excessive, and negatively associated with physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and overweight or obesity. Conclusions: Chinese older adults demonstrated high prevalence of health risk behaviors, as well as the proportion of their co-occurrences. Socioeconomic status, social capital, and health risk behaviors were important predictors of the elderly’s quality of life. Increasing elderly’s social capital, so as to prevent and control the occurrence of health risk behaviors, which might be an effective approach to improve the elderly’s health.

scholarly journals Travel Related Risk Behaviors and Antibiotic Use among Older Travelers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varea H Costello ◽  
David Tribble ◽  
Christa Eickhoff ◽  
D Hamilton Tilley ◽  
Gregory Utz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
United States Department ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Active Duty Personnel

Abstract Background Antibiotic stewardship in the pre-travel care of older adults is important to effectively treat infections while minimizing harm from side effects and unnecessary antibiotic use. The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics, risk behaviors, infectious diseases and antibiotic use between older (≥ 60 years) and younger (18-59 years) travelers. Methods TravMil is a prospective, observational cohort of United States Department of Defense beneficiaries traveling outside the continental US for ≤ 6.5 months. For this analysis, we included adults enrolled pre-travel between January 2010–August 2018 and excluded active duty personnel on deployment. Pre- and post-travel surveys captured trip characteristics, exposures, illnesses, and antibiotic use. Results 1742 travelers were analyzed: 747 (42.9%) were ≥ 60 years and 995 (57.1%) were 18-59 years. Older travelers were less likely to engage in high-risk dietary behaviors and experience travelers’ diarrhea than younger travelers (18.2% vs 22.9%; p&lt;0.05). Influenza-like illnesses (12.5%) and febrile illness (3.4%) occurred less frequently in the older cohort. Antibiotic use for self treatment was common in both age groups (25.7% vs. 26.7%) and often inappropriate e.g. for treatment of occasional loose stool or mild travelers’ diarrhea (older adults 67.0% [67/100] vs. younger adults 57.6% [83/144]; p &lt;0.05), and influenza-like illnesses (63.4% [64/101] vs. 58.6% [68/116]; p&lt;0.05). Conclusions Older travelers were less likely to engage in high-risk behaviors and experience travelers’ diarrhea, and both age groups experienced mild, self-limited infections. Inappropriate use of antibiotics was common, suggesting that antimicrobial stewardship should be emphasized at pre-travel counseling with international travelers.

scholarly journals FALL RISK BEHAVIORS AND INTRINSIC RISK FACTORS FOR FALLS IN INDIGENOUS AND NON-INDIGENOUS RURAL OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S471-S472
Author(s):  
Andre G Bouweraerts ◽  
Justus Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract Within California, older adults living in rural counties have reported higher rates of falls than urban dwelling older adults. Although many Indigenous people live in rural areas, it is unclear whether the rate of falls among Indigenous older adults is similar to that of non-indigenous older adults living in rural areas. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine fall risk behaviors and intrinsic risk factors for falls in rural dwelling Indigenous (N = 89), and non-Indigenous (N = 68) older adults 60-95 years of age living in California. Results showed that both Indigenous and non-Indigenous older adults share similarly high fall rates, but there are a much greater number of Indigenous older adults falling multiple times a year. Moreover, fall risk behaviors and intrinsic fall risk factors were significantly different between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rural-dwelling older adults. Future studies should investigate falls and fall risk factors in different tribes/locations of Indigenous older adults to better understand whether these risk factors differ among tribes. Moreover, it would be beneficial for future studies to assess the effectiveness of fall prevention exercises on fall risk in these communities. Information gained from this study helps to inform clinicians and researchers alike about the prevalence of falls and factors contributing to falls among Indigenous older adults living in rural communities; and helps to influence decisions in the future of programs for reducing fall risk in this often neglected population.

Frequency of Public Laughter in Relation to Sex, Age, Ethnicity, and Social Context

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Chapell ◽  
Michael Batten ◽  
Jael Brown ◽  
Elisa Gonzalez ◽  
Gabrielle Herquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Older People ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

This study investigated the frequency of public laughter in a total of 10,419 children, adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. Females laughed significantly more than males, and younger people generally laughed more than older people.

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