scholarly journals The 2017 total solar eclipse in the United States: Traffic management and lessons learned

2021 ◽  
pp. 100510
Author(s):  
Frank Ngeni ◽  
Judith Mwakalonge ◽  
Saidi Siuhi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Lessons Learned

scholarly journals The Astronomical Event of the Decade: Library Opportunities with the Coming Total Eclipse of the Sun

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Andrew Fraknoi ◽  
Dennis Schatz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Total Eclipse

On August 21, 2017, we will be treated to the first total eclipse of the sun visible in the continental United States in almost forty years. Because the total eclipse can only be seen in the United States, it is being called the “All American Total Solar Eclipse.” In this kind of eclipse, the Moon gets in front of the sun in the sky and blocks its light.

scholarly journals Eclipse across America: Citizen Science Observations of the 21 August 2017 Total Solar Eclipse

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2363-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brant Dodson ◽  
Marilé Colón Robles ◽  
Jessica E. Taylor ◽  
Cayley C. DeFontes ◽  
Kristen L. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Global Learning ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Temperature Depression ◽  
Meteorological Effects

AbstractOn 21 August 2017, North America witnessed a total solar eclipse, with the path of totality passing across the United States from coast to coast. The major public interest in the event inspired the Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Observer to organize a citizen science observing campaign to record the meteorological effects of the eclipse. Participants at 17 585 observing sites collected 68 620 temperature observations and 15 978 cloud observations. With 7194 sites positioned in the path of totality, participants provide a nearly unbroken record of the cloud and temperature effects of the eclipse across the contiguous United States. The collection of both temperature and cloud observations provides an opportunity to quantify the cloud–temperature relationship. The unique character of citizen science, which provides data from a large number of observations with limited quality control, requires a method that leverages the large number of observations. By grouping observing sites along the path of totality by 1° longitude bins, the errors from individual sites are averaged out and the meteorological effects of the eclipse can be determined robustly. The data reveal a distinct relationship between prevailing cloud cover and the eclipse-induced temperature depression, in which overcast conditions reduces the temperature depression by about one-half of the value from clear conditions. A comparison of the GLOBE results with mesonet data allows a test of the robustness of the citizen science results. The results also show the great benefit that research using citizen science data receives from increased numbers of participants and observations.

scholarly journals The 2017 August 21 American total solar eclipse through the eyes of GPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Kundu ◽  
Dibyashakti Panda ◽  
Vineet K Gahalaut ◽  
J K Catherine
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Total Electron

SUMMARY We explored spatio-temporal variation in total electron contents (TEC) in the ionosphere caused by the recent 2017 August 21 total solar eclipse, which was observed over the United States of America. The path of the total solar eclipse passes through the continental parts of the United States of America, starting in the northwestern state of Oregon and ending in the southeastern state of South Carolina, approximately covering 4000 km length. Across this length, EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) has been operating a dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) networks. During the course of passage of the solar eclipse, the sudden decline in solar radiation by temporarily obscuration by the Moon caused a drop of ∼6–9 × 1016 electrons m2 in the ionosphere with time-delay at the cGPS sites. The significant drop in TEC at cGPS sites captured the average migration velocity of shadow along the eclipse path (0.74 km s−1), from which we estimated the Moon's orbital velocity (∼1 km s−1). Further, this event also caused some marginal increase in TEC during the eclipse in the Earth's ionosphere in the magnetically conjugate region at the tip of South America and Antarctica, consistent with the model predictions of SAMI3 by Naval Research Laboratory.

Winning the Argument and Moving the Fight: The Legacy of a Grassroots Humanitarian

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Mary Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Winning Strategy ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Trade Offs

The author of this article argues that the two-decades-long litigation struggle was necessary to push the political actors in Mississippi into a more virtuous than vicious legal/political negotiation. The second and related argument, however, is that neither the 1992 United States Supreme Court decision in Fordice nor the negotiation provided an adequate riposte to plaintiffs’ claims. The author shows that their chief counsel for the first phase of the litigation wanted equality of opportunity for historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), as did the plaintiffs. In the course of explicating the role of a legal grass-roots humanitarian, Coleman suggests lessons learned and trade-offs from that case/negotiation, describing the tradeoffs as part of the political vestiges of legal racism in black public higher education and the need to move HBCUs to a higher level of opportunity at a critical juncture in the life of tuition-dependent colleges and universities in the United States. Throughout the essay the following questions pose themselves: In thinking about the Road to Fordice and to political settlement, would the Justice Department lawyers and the plaintiffs’ lawyers connect at the point of their shared strength? Would the timing of the settlement benefit the plaintiffs and/or the State? Could plaintiffs’ lawyers hold together for the length of the case and move each piece of the case forward in a winning strategy? Who were plaintiffs’ opponents and what was their strategy? With these questions in mind, the author offers an analysis of how the campaign— political/legal arguments and political/legal remedies to remove the vestiges of de jure segregation in higher education—unfolded in Mississippi, with special emphasis on the initiating lawyer in Ayers v. Waller and Fordice, Isaiah Madison

scholarly journals Preparedness and response to an emerging health threat—Lessons learned from Candida auris outbreaks in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Diane Meyer ◽  
Elena K. Martin ◽  
Syra Madad ◽  
Priya Dhagat ◽  
Jennifer B. Nuzzo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

Abstract Objective: Candida auris infections continue to occur across the United States and abroad, and healthcare facilities that care for vulnerable populations must improve their readiness to respond to this emerging organism. We aimed to identify and better understand challenges faced and lessons learned by those healthcare facilities who have experienced C. auris cases and outbreaks to better prepare those who have yet to experience or respond to this pathogen. Design: Semi-structured qualitative interviews. Setting: Health departments, long-term care facilities, acute-care hospitals, and healthcare organizations in New York, Illinois, and California. Participants: Infectious disease physicians and nurses, clinical and environmental services, hospital leadership, hospital epidemiology, infection preventionists, emergency management, and laboratory scientists who had experiences either preparing for or responding to C. auris cases or outbreaks. Methods: In total, 25 interviews were conducted with 84 participants. Interviews were coded using NVivo qualitative coding software by 2 separate researchers. Emergent themes were then iteratively discussed among the research team. Results: Key themes included surveillance and laboratory capacity, inter- and intrafacility communication, infection prevention and control, environmental cleaning and disinfection, clinical management of cases, and media concerns and stigma. Conclusions: Many of the operational challenges noted in this research are not unique to C. auris, and the ways in which we address future outbreaks should be informed by previous experiences and lessons learned, including the recent outbreaks of C. auris in the United States.

scholarly journals Evolving oxygenation management reasoning in COVID-19

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-383
Author(s):  
Steven Liu ◽  
Cara Sweeney ◽  
Nalinee Srisarajivakul-Klein ◽  
Amanda Klinger ◽  
Irina Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Wards

AbstractThe initial phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United States saw rapidly-rising patient volumes along with shortages in personnel, equipment, and intensive care unit (ICU) beds across many New York City hospitals. As our hospital wards quickly filled with unstable, hypoxemic patients, our hospitalist group was forced to fundamentally rethink the way we triaged and managed cases of hypoxemic respiratory failure. Here, we describe the oxygenation protocol we developed and implemented in response to changing norms for acuity on inpatient wards. By reflecting on lessons learned, we re-evaluate the applicability of these oxygenation strategies in the evolving pandemic. We hope to impart to other providers the insights we gained with the challenges of management reasoning in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Building Automation and the Contextualization of Information Technology: The Journey of a Midwestern Community College in the U.S.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Neal Grandgenett ◽  
Pam Perry ◽  
Thomas Pensabene ◽  
Karen Wegner ◽  
Robert Nirenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Community College ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Building Automation ◽  
Technological Education ◽  
It Workforce ◽  
Automation Systems

The buildings in which people work, live, and spend their leisure time are increasingly embedded with sophisticated information technology (IT). This article describes the approach of Metropolitan Community College (MCC) in Omaha, Nebraska of the United States to provide an occupational context to some of their IT coursework by organizing IT instruction around the context of building automation systems (BAS). This contextualization allows IT students not only to study IT as a standalone discipline but also to study its integrated use within a specific occupational context. The article also describes MCC’s focused curriculum design efforts funded by the National Science Foundation’s Advanced Technological Education program. These efforts toward BAS-contextualization of the IT curriculum have become a catalyst for systematic contextualization of IT instruction at MCC and support the institution’s broader efforts to become a national model in IT instruction and interdisciplinary engagement within the United States. The research-based approach, activities, and outcomes of this project are all described here, as well as the lessons learned by one community college seeking to make their IT program increasingly relevant to their students and the IT workforce of today.

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