Hepatitis B testing, care linkage, and vaccination coverage within a registry of hepatitis C infected patients

Objectives: Despite recommendations for vaccination against hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) for all adults at increased risk of infection, several US states have reported increases in HAV and HBV infections among persons who inject drugs. We investigated hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccination coverage among a sample of persons who reported injecting drugs and had evidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: We searched the Wisconsin Immunization Registry for the vaccination records of persons who underwent HCV testing at syringe services programs from January 1 through August 31, 2018, and were reported to the Wisconsin Division of Public Health as having positive HCV antibody test results and a history of injection drug use. We calculated the percentage of persons who were vaccinated according to national recommendations. Results: Of 215 persons reported, 204 (94.9%) had a client record in the Wisconsin Immunization Registry. Of these 204 persons, 66 (32.4%) had received ≥1 dose of hepatitis A vaccine, 46 (22.5%) had received 2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine, and 115 (56.4%) had received 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B vaccine coverage decreased with increasing age, from 88.0% (22 of 25) among adults aged 20-24 to 30.3% (10 of 33) among adults aged 35-39. Conclusions: These findings suggest that most persons who inject drugs in Wisconsin are susceptible to HAV infection and that most persons aged ≥35 who inject drugs are susceptible to HBV infection. In addition to routine vaccination of children, targeted hepatitis vaccination programs should focus on adults who inject drugs to help prevent future infections.

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Low prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among the healthcare workers despite low vaccination coverage for hepatitis B in Mumbai

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/issn.0019-5359.indianjmedsci20170483 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dharmesh K. Shah ◽

Samit S. Jain ◽

Amol A. Khot ◽

Amit R. Gharat ◽

Girish C. Rajadhyaksha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Hospital Staff ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Occupational Risk Factors ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections through exposure to blood or its products and contact with other body fluids is high amongst health care workers (HCWs). Despite potential risks, a proportion of HCWs never get vaccinated. This study aimed to investigate the vaccination practices and the prevalence of HBV infection in HCWs. Aims: To determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV, their possible association with occupational and non-occupational risk factors. We also studied the prevalence of vaccination for hepatitis B in different subgroups of study population. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, total 1347 hospital staffs were screened for hepatitis B and hepatitis C. HBV is detected by HBsAg testing, and HCV is detected by anti-HCV testing by ELISA method. Positive results were confirmed by HBV DNA testing (Qualitative) and HCV RNA testing (Qualitative). A questionnaire used to collect data from study participants was pre-designed by the authors. Results: Out of total 1347 hospital staffs screened, 6 (0.4%) were HBsAg-positive and 2 (0.1%) were anti-HCV-positive. Only 54% had a history of complete vaccination, and 0.3% had incomplete vaccination. Vaccination coverage was highest in residents (76.7%), medical students (68.9%), nursing (66.1%), and teachers (61.4%) and lowest in servants (5.4%), office staff (6.6%), and lab technicians (24.3%). Awareness about the risk factor for transmission of HBV and HCV and complication related to them was 77.7%. It was highest in teachers (93.9%) and residents (97.8%), lowest in servants (16.3%). No statistically significant difference in the exposure to various risk factors among those who are HBsAg or anti-HCV-positive and HBsAg or anti-HCV-negative. Conclusions: The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection is not high in hospital staff than general population. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was below expectation in all the subgroups even in resident doctors and teachers.<div> </div>

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Alkoholabstinenz allein verbessert die Leberfunktion und verlängert das Überleben bei der alkoholischen Lebererkrankung!

SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice ◽

10.1024/0939-5911/a000459 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 396-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helmut K. Seitz ◽

Tatjana Arslic-Schmitt

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

B Virus ◽

Alkoholische Lebererkrankung ◽

Alkoholische Steatohepatitis

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Im Folgenden soll dargelegt werden, dass Alkoholkarenz sowohl die Leberfunktion als auch das Überleben in jedem Stadium einer alkoholischen Lebererkrankung günstig beeinflusst. Ergebnisse: Täglicher Alkoholkonsum von mehr als 25 Gramm reinen Alkohols, etwas mehr als ¼ Liter Wein beim Mann und etwa die Hälfte bei der Frau sind, mit einem erhöhten Risiko für eine alkoholische Lebererkrankung (ALE) behaftet. Die ALE besteht aus einem breiten Spektrum von histopathologischen Veränderungen. Sie beginnt immer mit einer alkoholischen Fettleber, die sich in eine alkoholische Steatohepatitis weiterentwickeln kann. Fortgeschrittene Formen der ALE beinhalten die Leberfibrose, die Leberzirrhose und das hepatozelluläre Karzinom. In der Behandlung jeder Form der ALE ist die Alkoholabstinenz von zentraler Bedeutung. Ein Großteil der alkoholischen Fettlebern bildet sich unter Alkoholkarenz oder sogar Alkoholreduktion zurück. Die alkoholische Hepatitis, ein klinisches Syndrom mit hoher Mortalität, führt ohne Alkoholkarenz innerhalb von Tagen und Wochen zum Tode. Darüber hinaus ist selbst die Leberfibrose (perivenös und perisinusoidal) unter Alkoholkarenz rückbildungsfähig. Bei allen Formen der fortgeschrittenen ALE (kompensiert und nicht-kompensierte Leberzirrhose) wird die Mortalität durch Alkoholkarenz oder signifikante Reduktion im Gegensatz zum fortgesetzten Alkoholkonsum signifikant verringert. Selbst Patienten mit alkoholischer Leberzirrhose können über mehr als 20 Jahre ohne Komplikationen weiterleben, wenn sie komplett auf Alkohol verzichten. Schlussfolgerung: Im Vergleich zu Leberzirrhose anderer Ätiologie, wie zum Beispiel Zirrhosen, die durch das Hepatitis-B Virus oder das Hepatitis-C Virus verursacht sind, haben alkoholische Leberzirrhosen unter Alkoholkarenz eine wesentlich bessere Prognose. Damit ist Alkoholkarenz eine gute Therapie und der Erfolg jeder anderen neuen Therapie muss mit Alkoholkarenz verglichen werden.

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Role of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and hepatitis delta virus in dual and triple chronic hepatitis coinfection

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s0168-8278(01)80441-4 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 34 (0) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

X Costa

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis Delta Virus ◽

Hepatitis Delta ◽

Delta Virus

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Antibody to Hepatitis G Mrus after a Vapour-Heated Factor Vlll Goncentrate

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1647291 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 64 (02) ◽

pp. 232-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P M Mannucci ◽

A R Zanetti ◽

M Colombo ◽

A Chistolini ◽

R De Biasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Factor Viii ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Household Contact ◽

Clotting Factor ◽

Double Infection ◽

Marked Elevation ◽

Clotting Factor Concentrates

SummaryTo evaluate whether or not clotting factor concentrates exposed to virucidal procedures transmitted hepatitis C, sera obtained in 1984–1986 from 27 previously untreated hemophiliacs infused with a vapour-heated factor VIII concentrate were tested retrospectively for the antibody to the hepatitis C virus (anti- HCV). A 2-year-old hemophiliac, negative for anti-HCV before administration of concentrate, seroconverted at week 12 and remained anti-HCV positive thereafter. Both his parents were anti-HCV negative and he had no other household contact. The patient had also become HBsAg positive at week 8 and had at the same time a marked elevation of alanine aminotransferase. His double infection with the hepatitis B and C viruses indicates that hot vapour was not completely effective in inactivating these viruses.

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