Skin color measurements before and after two weeks of sun exposure

2022 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 107976
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Cheng Gao ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Kaida Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Color Measurements ◽  
Before And After

Erratum

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-612
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ineffective Efforts ◽  
Per Se

In the commentary, "Sunburns, Melanoma, and the Pediatrician," by Williams and Sagebiel (Pediatrics 1989;84:381-382), three lines were omitted from the bottom of p 381. The whole paragraph is reprinted here. It is clear that a change is required in social perceptions in which a suntan is equated with health and beauty—not because suntans per se are unhealthy (the deleterious effects of ultraviolet light at suberythemogenic levels are not wellestablished), but because the persistent and often futile efforts of those who constitutionally have less pigment to achieve a tan have serious long-term health consequences. Ideally, there should be a social norm of beauty in which the natural differences in skin color are appreciated and black, tan, pink, and all shades in between are celebrated. Similarly, we need to change our thinking about freckles and solar lentigines. These are not "cute" but represent the ineffective efforts of melanocytes in genetically underpigmented skin to provide protective pigmentation in response to solar stress. Although pediatricians alone cannot change social concepts of beauty, we can instruct our patients and their families about sun protection and we can monitor them for early signs of excessive sun exposure. Weinstock et al demonstrated an increased risk of melanoma for those who had blistering sunburns in adolescence. Although they did not address the risk associated with sunburning prior to ages 15 years, it seems likely that these data can be applied to children of all ages. Therefore, instruction and sun protection should begin in infancy. Moreover, teenagers are known to be both highly conditioned by peer concepts of beauty and relatively impervious to the counsel of their elders. It is essential, therefore, that they enter these years with skin that has been well protected and with minds well indoctrinated.

scholarly journals A comparison of animal color measurements using a commercially available digital color sensor and photograph analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex D Potash ◽  
Daniel U Greene ◽  
Gabrielle A Foursa ◽  
Verity L Mathis ◽  
L Mike Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Animal Coloration ◽  
Color Sensor ◽  
Color Measurements ◽  
Measuring Tool ◽  
Reliable Methods

Abstract An animal’s pelage, feather, or skin color can serve a variety of functions, so it is important to have multiple standardized methods for measuring color. One of the most common and reliable methods for measuring animal coloration is the use of standardized digital photographs of animals. New technology in the form of a commercially available handheld digital color sensor could provide an alternative to photography-based animal color measurements. To determine whether a digital color sensor could be used to measure animal coloration, we tested the ability of a digital color sensor to measure coloration of mammalian, avian, and lepidopteran museums specimens. We compared results from the sensor to measurements taken using traditional photography methods. Our study yielded significant differences between photography-based and digital color sensor measurements of brightness (light to dark) and colors along the green to red spectrum. There was no difference between photographs and the digital color sensor measurements for colors along the blue to yellow spectrum. The average difference in recorded color (ΔE) by the 2 methods was above the threshold at which humans can perceive a difference. There were significant correlations between the sensor and photographs for all measurements indicating that the sensor is an effective animal coloration measuring tool. However, the sensor’s small aperture and narrow light spectrum range designed for human-vision limit its value for ecological research. We discuss the conditions in which a digital color sensor can be an effective tool for measuring animal coloration in both laboratory settings and in the field.

scholarly journals Characterization of Chicken Skin Yellowness and Exploration of Genes Involved in Skin Yellowness Deposition in Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Wu ◽  
Zetong Lin ◽  
Genghua Chen ◽  
Qingbin Luo ◽  
Qinghua Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Economic Trait ◽  
Chicken Skin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Skin Coloration ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Skin color is an important economic trait in meat-type chickens. A uniform bright skin color can increase the sales value of chicken. Chickens with bright yellow skin are more popular in China, especially in the broiler market of South China. However, the skin color of chickens can vary because of differences in breeds, diet, health, and individual genetics. To obtain greater insight into the genetic factors associated with the process of skin pigmentation in chickens, we used a colorimeter and high-resolution skin photographs to measure and analyze the skin color of chickens. By analyzing 534 chickens of the same breed, age, and feed condition, we found that the yellowness values of the chickens varied within this population. A significant positive correlation was found between the cloacal skin yellowness values before and after slaughter, and the cloacal skin yellowness value of live chickens was positively correlated with the overall body skin yellowness value. Additionally, chicken skin yellowness exhibited low heritability, ranging from 0.07 to 0.27. Through RNA sequencing, 882 genes were found to be differentially expressed between the skin with the highest and lowest yellowness values. Some of these differentially expressed genes may play an important role in yellow pigment deposition in chicken skin, which included TLR2B, IYD, SMOC1, ALDH1A3, CYP11A1, FHL2, TECRL, ACACB, TYR, PMEL, and GPR143. In addition, we found that the expression and variations of the BCO2 gene, which is referred to as the yellow skin gene, cannot be used to estimate the skin yellowness value of chickens in this population. These data will help to further our understanding of chicken skin yellowness and might contribute to the selection of specific chicken strains with consistent skin coloration.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN SUPLEMEN KOLAGEN TERHADAP ELASTISITAS DAN WARNA KULIT WANITA MENOPAUSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Lhedys Angela ◽  
Sri Dinengsih ◽  
Risza Choirunissa
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Skin Elasticity ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Color Background ◽  
Quasi Experiment

ABSTRACT GIVING COLLAGENT SUPPLEMENTS ON ELASTICITYAND MENOPAUSE WOMEN'S SKIN COLOR Background: Physical changes that are generally more visible when a person reaches menopause are changes in skin elasticity and skin color. Reduced water and oil content in the skin will result in reduced skin elasticity resulting in fine lines and wrinkles on the skin and factors that cause skin discoloration are the use of drugs, use of unsafe cosmetics or absorption of ultraviolet (UV) rays. that comes from sunlight. This is caused by reduced collagen production by cells. Due to the reduced amount of collagen, there will also be a reduction in the amount of reduced glycosaminoglycans which then results in reduced skin turgor.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of collagen consumption on skin elasticity and skin color in menopausal women in Cikande, Serang District, Banten Province.Methods: This study used quantitative descriptive statistics with a Quasi-Experimental research design with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design approach, which is a quasi-experiment where a group is measured and observed before and after the treatment (treatement). The sample of this research was 20 menopausal women in July in Cikande Village, Serang Regency, Banten Province.Results: Based on the results of the Paired Samples statistical test before and after collagen consumption on skin elasticity, a P value of 0.0118 was obtained from the significance value α => 0.05, this indicates that there is no effect between collagen consumption on skin elasticity. Based on the results of the Paired Samples statistical test before and after collagen consumption on skin color, the P value was obtained of 0.603 from the significance value α => 0.05, this indicates that there is no effect between collagen consumption on skin color.Conclusion: There is no effect of collagen consumption on skin elasticity and skin color in menopausal women in Cikande Village, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Suggestion:It is hoped that further researchers can carry out further research on the effect of collagen consumption on skin elasticity and skin color and for future researchers to be able to continue this research, as well as become a reference in conducting further research and can be developed again, especially on variables that have not been studied. Keywords: Menopause, Collagen, Skin elasticity, Skin color ABSTRAKLatar Belakang:Perubahan fisik yang umumnya lebih terlihat nampak ketika seorang sampai pada masa menopause adalah perubahan terhadap elastisitas kulit dan warna kulit.Berkurangnya kadar air dan minyak didalam kulit akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya elastisitas kulit sehingga timbul garis-garis halus dan kerut-kerut pada kulit dan faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan warna kulit adalah penggunaan obat-obatan, penggunaan kosmetik yang tidak aman atau penyerapan sinar ultraviolet (UV) yang berasal dari cahaya matahari. Hal ini disebabkan oleh berkurangnya produksi kolagen yang dilakukan oleh sel. Akibat berkurangnya jumlah kolagen maka akan berkurang pula jumlah pengurangan glycosaminoglycans yang kemudian berakibat pada berkurangnya turgor kulitTujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi kolagen terhadap elastisitas kulit dan warna kulit pada wanita menopause di Kelurahan Cikande Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif stastistik deskriptif dengan desain penelitian Quasi-Eksperimen dengan pendekatan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design yang merupakan quasi-experiment dimana sebuah kelompok diukur dan diobservasi sebelum dan setelah perlakuan (treatement).Sample penelitian ini adalah 20 wanita menopause pada bulan Juli di Kelurahan Cikande Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten.Hasil Penelitian:Berdasarkan hasil uji Paired Samples statistik sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kolagen terhadap elastisitas kulit diperoleh nilai P value sebesar 0,0118 dari angka kemaknaan α = > 0,05 hal tersebut menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh antara konsumsi kolagen terhadap elastisitas kulit. Berdasarkan hasil uji Paired Samples statistik sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kolagen terhadap warna kulit diperoleh nilai P value sebesar 0,603 dari angka kemaknaan α = > 0,05 hal tersebut menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh antara konsumsi kolagen terhadap warna kulit.Kesimpulan:Tidak ada pengaruh konsumsi kolagen terhadap elastisitas kulit dan warna kulit pada wanita menopause di di Kelurahan Cikande Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten.Saran:Diharapkan bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian lebih lanjutmengenai pengaruh konsumsi kolagen terhadap elastisitas kulit dan warna kulit dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat melanjutkan penelitian ini, serta menjadi sebuah acuan dalam melakukan penelitian selanjutnya dan dapat dikembangkan lagi terutama pada variabel-variabel yang belum diteliti. Kata Kunci:Menopause, Kolagen, Elastisitas kulit, Warna kulit.

Does Eumelanin Oxidation Play a Role on the Photostability of Ethyl Glucuronide in Hair Exposed to Simulated Solar Radiation?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Miolo ◽  
Benedetta Vicario ◽  
Giulia Stocchero ◽  
Valerio Causin ◽  
Susanna Vogliardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Glucuronide ◽  
Brown Hair ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Simulated Solar Radiation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The action of solar radiation on the concentration of the ethanol metabolite ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in 40 hair samples of nonabstinent subjects was investigated. Hair samples of different colors were analyzed before and after irradiation with artificial sunlight under a light dose corresponding to 3 months of sun exposure. After irradiation, an increase of EtG concentration was detected in 55% of the samples ranging from 5% to 141%. In 16 cases, a concentration reduction ranging from −2% to −74% was observed. The measure of the level of pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA), a marker of eumelanin oxidation, demonstrated the largest increase in oxidation in light brown hair where the greatest degradation of EtG was observed after irradiation. However, the rise of PTCA in all hair tested was accompanied by increase in EtG concentration in 8/10 samples and by decrease in 2/10, suggesting no correlation between the two markers. To verify if hair structure was modified by light, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed on irradiated hair of different colors and compared with the dark samples. SEM revealed modification of hair structure in all samples showing partial shaft exfoliation and reduction of hair thickness under the treatment with solar radiation.

Relationship between Skin Color and Sun Exposure History: A Statistical Classification Approach

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Rubegni ◽  
Gabriele Cevenini ◽  
Maria Laura Flori ◽  
Michele Fimiani ◽  
Elisabetta Stanghellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Statistical Classification ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Exposure History

Relationship between skin color, sun exposure, UV protection, fish intake and serum levels of vitamin D in Japanese older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Marina Serrao Cabral ◽  
Angelo Jose Goncalves Bos ◽  
Hidemori Amano ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Shoji Shinkai
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

Purpose This paper aims to observe the possible relationship between skin color, sun exposure level, UV protection and food intake and serum levels of 25(OH) D in Japanese older adults. Design/methodology/approach Elderly (n = 131; 65-93 years old), followed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology in the Kusatsu (36°N) received a self-applicable questionnaire about the quantity and quality of the daily sun exposure and behavior to avoid the sun. A color analyzer measured each red (R), green (G) and blue (B) component of skin color, and dietary vitamin D was estimated by food frequency questionnaire. Serum 25(OH) D levels were collected and categorized as sufficiency (>30 ng/mL), insufficiency (between 20 and 30 ng/mL) and deficiency (<20 ng/mL). Findings High proportion of participants had insufficiency (53 per cent) and deficiency (25 per cent) levels of 25(OH) D. Insufficiency levels were more prevalent in women (57 per cent, p = 0.048) and in participants that use gloves (49 per cent, p = 0.054) and sunscreen on face (76 per cent, p = 0.003) as a sun protection way. Participants with sufficiency levels of 25(OH) D presented lower values of R (p = 0.067), G (p = 0. 007) and B (p = 0.001) of skin color (what is meaning darker skin) and a higher fish intake (12 times per week). Research limitations/implications The study is a cross-sectional design and brings a potential for measurement error in the recorded subjective variables. There is a memory bias in self-reported sun exposure and food consumption; however, in the multivariate analysis, it was demonstrated a significant association. Second, although the authors have sought to evaluate a number of variables that could affect the skin’s ability to synthesize vitamin D, there are many other factors that may affect this ability that could not be accounted for. Another limitation was the assessment of self-reported ultraviolet exposure data rather than direct measurement of exposure. Practical implications It was also concluded that darker skin color (a surrogate of longer-term sun exposure) participants had a lower prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in this ethnic homogeneous population. When accessing patients’ skin color, the clinician must account for his or her ethnicity. Social implications Governments should regulate supplementation or food fortification with vitamin D, with special focus in countries with geographical location of insufficient solar radiation for skin synthesis of this vitamin. With this, it becomes a priority that a safe sun exposure ensures the sufficient serum levels of 25 (OH) D without the use of supplements. Originality/value This report was the first to analyze skin color components associated to vitamin D levels, finding that blue and green colors were significant. The clinical implication of this find is yet to understand. It was also concluded that darker skin color (a surrogate of longer-term sun exposure) participants had a lower prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in this ethnic homogeneous population. When accessing patients’ skin color, the clinician must account for his or her ethnicity.

scholarly journals 355 Effect of UV-C on Ripening and Postharvest Quality of Peaches

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 504D-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
Floyd M. Woods ◽  
Dave Himelrick
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Uv C

Brown rot of peaches is one of the most devastating diseases that can occur before and after harvest. There has been extensive research that has shown that ultraviolet light (UV-C) kills the fungus that causes brown rot. However, it is has not been determined whether UV-C will also change ripening and fruit quality. We applied UV-C to `Loring' peaches that were harvested 10 days before normal harvest. We intentionally picked the fruit early because we wanted to make sure the fruit had not entered the climacteric. The fruit were treated with UV-C and ethylene, skin color, firmness, and soluble solids were measured. We also held fruit at three storage temperatures to determine whether there may be an interaction between UV-C treatment and storage temperature. Ethylene was slightly higher for UV-C treated fruit at 70 °F (20 °C) and 55 °F (12 °C), but not at 40 °F (4 °C). However, there was very little effect on firmness and soluble solids. There was a slight delay in development of red blush. UV-C had little effect on ripening and peach fruit quality.

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