scholarly journals Modelling of environmental impacts from biological treatment of organic municipal waste in EASEWASTE

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Boldrin ◽  
Trine Lund Neidel ◽  
Anders Damgaard ◽  
Gurbakhash S. Bhander ◽  
Jacob Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Waste

Waste management and environmental impact of absorbent hygiene products: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095427
Author(s):  
Maribel Velasco Perez ◽  
Perla Xochitl Sotelo Navarro ◽  
Alethia Vazquez Morillas ◽  
Rosa María Espinosa Valdemar ◽  
Jéssica Paola Hermoso Lopez Araiza
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Wide Range

Absorbent hygiene products (AHP) have received much interest due to the notion that their end-of-life (EoL) stage has high environmental impacts. Since the use of AHP will continue to rise in the foreseeable future, information that helps with a reduction in the environmental impacts of AHP through their life cycle is needed. This research presents an estimation of AHP in municipal waste, and it also reviews and discusses waste management options, available treatments at bench, pilot or full scale, and life cycle assessments (LCAs) available in the literature. Municipal waste of countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development contains on average 2.7% of baby nappies, 4.8% of adult nappies and 0.5% of sanitary pads (in weight), whereas that of Latin-American countries have 7.3%, 3.3%, and 0.9%, respectively. Management options for AHP waste in developed countries are landfilling and incineration, while in developing countries AHP are disposed of in dumpsites and landfills. Most LCAs identify significant environmental impacts in the production of raw materials, while EoL scenarios involving incineration and landfill were found to have a significant contribution to global warming potential. Substitution with alternative products has been suggested as a way of decreasing environmental impacts; however, their use frequently causes a trade-off on different impact categories. Municipalities could use a wide range of policy tools, such as extended producer responsibility systems, bans, levies, ecolabelling, or a combination of these, to reduce the environmental and economic burden of AHP waste.

Gas chromatographic analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in compost samples from different origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Barcauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Municipal Waste Compost

Depending on the origin, the compost produced may contain not only nutrients but also pollutants, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. It is very important to determine them in soil-improving substances, because persistent organic pollutants show environmental toxic, cancerogenic, mutagenic effects and do not decompose for a long time. The aim of this study was to determine seven polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations in different kinds of composts produced in Lithuania and to evaluate the appliance of these composts in agricultural land. First, before routine analysis was done a gas chromatography with electron-capture detector method was developed. In this study 145 samples of green waste, sewage sludge, cattle manure, food waste, mixed municipal waste, digestate and composts made from mixed municipal waste after mechanical–biological treatment were analysed. Obtained results show that 28% of investigated cattle manure composts (CMCs) and 10.5% of food waste composts (FWCs) were free from polychlorinated biphenyls. Other kinds of composts investigated in this study (green waste compost (GWC), sewage sludge compost (SSC), mixed municipal waste compost (MMWC), mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical biological treatment (MMWCABMT) and digestate (DIG)) were contaminated 100% with polychlorinated biphenyls. Despite the fact that polychlorinated biphenyls were forbidden 25 years ago, their concentration varied from 2.70 to 163.7 µg kg−1 in different kinds of composts produced in Lithuania. According to get an increasing average amount of Σ7 polychlorinated biphenyls, Lithuanian composts were distributed as follows CMC > GWC > DIG > FWC > SSC > MMWCABMT > MMWC.

scholarly journals Scenarios of Bioenergy Recovery from Organic Fraction of Residual Municipal Waste in the Marche Region (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11462
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Boccarossa ◽  
Martina Di Addario ◽  
Adele Folino ◽  
Fabio Tatàno
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Marche Region ◽  
The Us

In the Marche Region (Central Italy), the residual municipal waste (RMW) is commonly processed in mechanical biological treatment (MBT) systems. In these systems, following a first mechanical selection, the undersize organic fraction from RMW (us-OFRMW) undergoes a partial aerobic biological treatment before being landfilled as a biostabilised fraction (bios-OFRMW) without dedicated energy or material recovery. Alternative us-OFRMW management scenarios have been elaborated for this region, at both present (reference year 2019) and future (reference year 2035) time bases. In the first scenario, the potential bioenergy recovery through anaerobic digestion (AD) from the us-OFRMW was evaluated. The second scenario aimed at evaluating the residual methane generation expected from the bios-OFRMW once landfilled, thus contributing also to the potential environmental impact connected with landfill gas (LFG) diffuse emissions from the regional landfills. The diversion to AD, at the present time, would allow a potential bioenergy recovery from the us-OFRMW equal to 4.35 MWel, while the alternative scenario involves greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions equal to 195 kg CO2 eq. per ton of deposited bios-OFRMW. In the future, the decreased amount of the us-OFRMW addressed to AD would still contribute with a potential bioenergy recovery of 3.47 MWel.

scholarly journals Potential of Mineral Fraction in Compost-Like-Output, Methods of Its Obtaining and the Possibility of Using It in the Context of Circular Economy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3023
Author(s):  
Jacek Połomka ◽  
Andrzej Jędrczak
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Winter Road ◽  
Glass Recycling

Most of the systems for the mechanical and biological treatment of waste used in Poland send the 0–80 mm fraction separated from the municipal waste stream, after biostabilization, entirely to a landfill. Such action is not in line with the adopted EU strategy focused on waste management in the circular cycle. The purpose of this work was to assess the technical feasibility of recovering the mineral fractions contained in compost-like-output (CLO) on the proprietary technological line designed for glass recovery. The research was launched in January 2019, and lasted for a subsequent 12 months. In the article, the amounts of mineral fractions possible to be separated from CLO are presented, as well as their morphological composition and selected properties being determined. The processing of CLO on the line allowed to recover on average 69.4 ± 7.0% of the glass. This product was accepted by glass recycling plants. Mineral fractions constituting waste from the glass separation process were tested for their use in winter road maintenance. Tests were also carried out confirming the possibility of using selected mineral fractions (0–10 mm) from CLO to obtain a waste cement mix useful for constructing road foundations using a standard amount of cement.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes of Municipal Waste Generation and Content

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras Denafas ◽  
Lina Vitkauskaitė ◽  
Dainius Martuzevičius ◽  
Andrius Kavaliauskas ◽  
Dalius Tumynas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Large City ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Treatment Practice ◽  
East European ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Transfer Station ◽  
Msw Composition

The scientific objective of this study is to develope a methodology for the investigation of municipal solid waste (MSW) composition in Lithuania. Investigations have been performed in Kaunas, which is the second large city of Lithuania. The obtained results are a contribution to assess, evaluate, and predict possible development scenarios of the municipal waste management sector in east European countries. Possible scenarios consider improved separate collection systems in combination with landfilling, mechanical-biological treatment and/or incineration. Further the results provide scientific knowledge which is necessary to understand waste generation and composition. This information is crutial to avoid future emissions to the environment resulting from current waste treatment practice. A further aim is to better understand the interplay of natural, social and economic factors influencing the quality and quantity of MSW in Eastern Europe. In this paper we present the preliminary results of consecutive MSW analysis at the waste collection and transfer station in Kaunas City over a period of two years.

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