Phylogeography of the mitten crab Eriocheir sensu stricto in East Asia: Pleistocene isolation, population expansion and secondary contact

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawu Xu ◽  
Tin-Yam Chan ◽  
Ling Ming Tsang ◽  
Ka Hou Chu
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Mitten Crab

scholarly journals The genus Euphorbia in Australia

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Hassall
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Interspecific Relationships ◽  
New Hebrides

In Australia the genus Euphorbia L., sensu stricto, is represented by seven indigenous species in three subgenera. One species has been reported from Papua New Guinea and parts of South-east Asia, another from the New Hebrides; the remaining species are endemic to Australia. Two taxa are described as new species, viz. Euphorbia parvicaruncula and Euphorbia planiticola, and two former species are reduced to infraspecific rank, viz. Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila, and Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila var. finlaysonii. Observations are made on geographical distributions, interspecific relationships, and chromosome numbers.

scholarly journals Parental population range expansion before secondary contact promotes heterosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailene MacPherson ◽  
Silu Wang ◽  
Ryo Yamaguchi ◽  
Loren H. Riesesberg ◽  
Sarah P. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Ancestral Population ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Deleterious Alleles ◽  
Genomic Divergence ◽  
Slightly Deleterious Mutations

AbstractPopulation genomic analysis of hybrid zones is instrumental to our understanding of the evolution of reproductive isolation. Many temperate hybrid zones are formed by the secondary contact between two parental populations that had undergone post-glacial range expansion. Here we show that explicitly accounting for historical parental isolation followed by range expansion prior to secondary contact is fundamental for explaining genetic and fitness patterns in these hybrid zones. Specifically, ancestral population expansion can result in allele surfing, neutral or slightly deleterious mutations drift high frequency at the front of the expansion. If these surfed deleterious alleles are recessive, they can contribute to substantial heterosis in hybrids produced at secondary contact, counteracting negative-epistatic interactions between BDMI loci and hence can deteriorate reproductive isolation. Similarly, surfing at neutral loci can alter the expected pattern of population ancestry and suggests that accounting for historical population expansion is necessary to develop accurate null genomic models in secondary-contact hybrid zones. Furthermore, this process should be incorporated in macroevolutionary models of divergence as well, since such heterosis facilitated by parental-range expansion could dampen genomic divergence established in the past.

scholarly journals Male Demography in East Asia: A North–South Contrast in Human Population Expansion Times

Genetics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (4) ◽  
pp. 2431-2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Xue ◽  
Tatiana Zerjal ◽  
Weidong Bao ◽  
Suling Zhu ◽  
Qunfang Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Population Expansion

scholarly journals Where and when does a ring start and end? Testing the ring-species hypothesis in a species complex of Australian parrots

2008 ◽  
Vol 275 (1650) ◽  
pp. 2431-2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Joseph ◽  
Gaynor Dolman ◽  
Stephen Donnellan ◽  
Kathleen M Saint ◽  
Mathew L Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Circular Distribution ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Ring Species ◽  
Ring Speciation

Speciation, despite ongoing gene flow can be studied directly in nature in ring species that comprise two reproductively isolated populations connected by a chain or ring of intergrading populations. We applied three tiers of spatio-temporal analysis (phylogeny/historical biogeography, phylogeography and landscape/population genetics) to the data from mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of eastern Australian parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex to understand the history and present genetic structure of the ring they have long been considered to form. A ring speciation hypothesis does not explain the patterns we have observed in our data (e.g. multiple genetic discontinuities, discordance in genotypic and phenotypic assignments where terminal differentiates meet). However, we cannot reject that a continuous circular distribution has been involved in the group's history or indeed that one was formed through secondary contact at the ‘ring's’ east and west; however, we reject a simple ring-species hypothesis as traditionally applied, with secondary contact only at its east. We discuss alternative models involving historical allopatry of populations. We suggest that population expansion shown by population genetics parameters in one of these isolates was accompanied by geographical range expansion, secondary contact and hybridization on the eastern and western sides of the ring. Pleistocene landscape and sea-level and habitat changes then established the birds' current distributions and range disjunctions. Populations now show idiosyncratic patterns of selection and drift. We suggest that selection and drift now drive evolution in different populations within what has been considered the ring.

scholarly journals Biogeographic study of human gut-associated crAssphage suggests impacts from industrialization and recent expansion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi P. Honap ◽  
Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Stephanie L. Schnorr ◽  
Andrew T. Ozga ◽  
Christina Warinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Metagenomic Data ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Multiple Time Points

AbstractCrAssphage (cross-assembly phage) is a bacteriophage that was first discovered in human gut metagenomic data. CrAssphage belongs to a diverse family of crAss-like bacteriophages thought to infect gut commensal bacteria belonging to Bacteroides species. However, not much is known about the biogeography of crAssphage and whether certain strains are associated with specific human populations. In this study, we screened publicly available human gut metagenomic data from 3,341 samples for the presence of crAssphage sensu stricto (NC_024711.1). We found that crAssphage prevalence is low in traditional, hunter-gatherer populations, such as the Hadza from Tanzania and Matses from Peru, as compared to industrialized, urban populations. Statistical comparisons showed no association of crAssphage prevalence with variables such as age, sex, body mass index, and health status of individuals. Phylogenetic analyses show that crAssphage strains reconstructed from the same individual over multiple time-points, cluster together. CrAssphage strains from individuals from the same study population do not always cluster together. Some evidence of clustering is seen at the level of broadly defined geographic regions, however, the relative positions of these clusters within the crAssphage phylogeny are not well-supported. We hypothesize that this lack of strong biogeographic structuring is suggestive of a recent expansion event within crAssphage. Using a Bayesian dating approach, we estimate this expansion has occurred within the past 200 years. Overall, we determine that crAssphage presence is associated with an industrialized lifestyle. The absence of strong biogeographic structuring within global crAssphage strains is likely due to a recent population expansion within this bacteriophage.

scholarly journals Historical Connectivity and Demography of the Ferocious Reef Crab, Eriphia ferox (Crustacea; Eriphiidae), Demonstrate That Taoyuan Algal Reef Is an Essential Population Source Along the East Taiwan Strait

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu-Han Chen ◽  
Ya-Yi Huang ◽  
Bi-Ying Huang ◽  
Hernyi Justin Hsieh ◽  
Jen Nie Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Expansion ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Source Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Algal Reef ◽  
Population Source

The east Taiwan Strait is largely fringed by sandy and muddy habitats. However, a massive algal reef made of crustose coralline algae has been found along the coast off Taoyuan city in northwestern Taiwan. The porous structure of Taoyuan Algal Reef harbors high abundance and diversity in marine organisms, including the ferocious reef crab, Eriphia ferox. Such a pivotal geographic location and unique ecological features make Taoyuan Algal Reef a potential stepping stone connecting biotic reefs in the east Taiwan Strait, South China Sea to the south, and even the high latitude of Japan to the north. In this study, we examined the population connectivity and historical demography of E. ferox by analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) fragments of 317 individuals sampled from 21 localities in the northwestern Pacific. Our analyses of haplotype network and pairwise FST comparisons revealed a lack of phylogeographical structure among E. ferox populations, implying the existence of a migration corridor connecting the South and East China Seas through the east Taiwan Strait. Multiple lines of evidence, including significant values in neutrality tests, unimodally shaped mismatch distributions, and Bayesian skyline plots elucidated the rapid population growth of E. ferox following the sea-level rise after Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 2–10 Ka). Such demographic expansion in E. ferox coincided with the time when Taoyuan Algal Reef started to build up around 7,500 years ago. Coalescent migration analyses further indicated that the large and continuous E. ferox population exclusively found in Datan Algal Reef, the heart of Taoyuan Algal Reef, was a source population exporting migrants both northward and southward to the adjacent populations. The bidirectional gene flow should be attributed to larval dispersal by ocean currents and secondary contact due to historical population expansion. Instead of serving as a stepping stone, our results support that Taoyuan Algal Reef is an essential population source for biotic reef-associated species along the east Taiwan Strait, and highlight the importance of conserving such a unique ecosystem currently threatened by anthropogenic development.

A new genus and species of praying mantis (Insecta, Mantodea, Mantidae) from Indochina, with a key to Mantidae of South-East Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4472 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN J. SCHWARZ ◽  
REINHARD EHRMANN ◽  
EVGENY SHCHERBAKOV
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Praying Mantis ◽  
Genus Level

Mekongomantis quinquespinosa gen. et sp. nov., a new Mantidae genus and species is described based on specimens from two localities—Lam Vien plateau in Vietnam and the environments of Umphang, Thailand. The new genus has five posteroventral spines on the forefemur, a feature previously unknown in any Mantidae (sensu stricto) genus. The rest of external morphology is similar to Tenodera Burmeister, 1838 and Mantis Linnaeus, 1758, while the characters of the male genitalia place the species more closely to Hierodula Burmeister, 1838 and Camelomantis Giglio-Tos, 1917. The discovery of such a large (>70 mm) genus level taxon exemplifies the poorly studied diversity of Mantodea in the rapidly deteriorating Greater Mekong area. To ease identification, we also provide a key to the Mantidae of South-East Asia. 

scholarly journals Parapatric speciation with recurrent gene flow of two sexual dichromatic pheasants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Minzhi Gao ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Lu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Approximate Bayesian Computation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Bayesian Computation ◽  
Approximate Bayesian

Background: Understanding speciation has long been a fundamental goal of evolutionary biology. It is widely accepted that speciation requires an interruption of gene flow to generate strong reproductive isolation between species, in which sexual selection may play an important role by generating and maintaining sexual dimorphism. The mechanism of how sexual selection operated in speciation with gene flow remains an open question and the subject of many research. Two species in genus Chrysolophus, Golden pheasant (C. pictus) and Lady Amherst's pheasant (C. amherstiae), which both exhibit significant plumage dichromatism, are currently parapatric in the southwest China with several hybrid recordings in field. Methods: In this research, we estimated the pattern of gene flow during the speciation of two pheasants using the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) method based on the multiple genes data. With a new assembled de novo genome of Lady Amherst's pheasant and resequencing of widely distributed individuals, we reconstructed the demographic history of the two pheasants by pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent (PSMC). Results: The results provide clear evidence that the gene flow between the two pheasants were consistent with the prediction of isolation with migration model for allopatric populations, indicating that there was long-term gene flow after the initially divergence (ca. 2.2 million years ago), and further support the secondary contact when included the parapatric populations since around 30 ka ongoing gene flow to now, which might be induced by the population expansion of the Golden pheasant in late Pleistocene. Conclusions: The results of the study support the scenario of speciation between Golden pheasant (C. pictus) and Lady Amherst's pheasant (C. amherstiae) with cycles of mixing-isolation-mixing due to the dynamics of natural selection and sexual selection in late Pleistocene that provide a good research system as evolutionary model to test reinforcement selection in speciation. Keywords: Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus), Lady Amherst's pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae), speciation, gene flow, Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), Pairwise Sequentially Markovian coalescent (PSMC).

scholarly journals The Alien Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), in the Thames Catchment

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Clark ◽  
Philip S. Rainbow ◽  
Roni S. Robbins ◽  
Brian Smith ◽  
William E. Yeomans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Chinese Mitten Crab ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Mitten Crab ◽  
European Distribution ◽  
The Uk

Eriocheir sinensis, the Chinese mitten crab, is a native of east Asia and predominantly lives in freshwater but migrates seawards to breed. In 1912 a specimen was collected in the River Aller, a tributary of the Weser, Germany and now this exotic species has a European distribution from Finland to the Atlantic coast of southern France. In the UK, the mitten crab has been reported from the Humber, Medway and Thames catchments. Although the population in Thames had remained low, recent evidence suggests it is increasing, which has potential environmental implications.

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