Phylogenetic systematics of Yphthimoides Forster, 1964 and related taxa, with notes on the biogeographical history of Yphthimoides species

2022 ◽  
pp. 107390
Author(s):  
EDUARDO P. BARBOSA ◽  
NOEMY SERAPHIM ◽  
GORKY VALENCIA ◽  
ANA MARIA L. AZEREDO-ESPIN ◽  
ANDRÉ V. L. FREITAS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
History Of

Buffon, German Biology, and the Historical Interpretation of Biological Species

1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip R. Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biological Systematics ◽  
Modern Era

The entry of time and history into biological systems of classification is perhaps the single most significant development in the history of biological systematics in the modern era. Darwin's claiming that descent is ‘… the hidden bond of connexion which naturalists have been seeking under the term of the natural system’, rather than seeing the answer in the multitude of previous attempts to resolve the problem in terms of morphological affinities, analogies, and complex relations of resemblance, marked the turning point in a long search into the meaning of biological taxonomy, and allowed the development of Darwin's insights by Haeckel, Plate and others into modern phylogenetic systematics.

The Diversification of the Amniotes

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques A. Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
Darwinian Revolution ◽  
Systematic Theory ◽  
Language Version ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of

Publication of the English-language version of Hennig's (1966)Phylogenetic Systematicsmarked a turning point in the history of inquiry into the genealogy of life. Hennig catalyzed a long overdue reevaluation of systematic theory and method that should have followed immediately upon publication of Darwin's revolutionary ideas (de Queiroz, 1988). Hennig revitalized the field by taking the Theory of Descent to the core ofsystematics(de Queiroz, 1988, 1992)—the methods for investigating life's genealogy—andtaxonomy—the methods for communicating the results of those investigations (de Queiroz and Gauthier, 1992). Unfortunately, the Darwinian revolution has yet to sweep aside all vestiges of nonevolutionary thinking in this field. To further that goal, and to provide an update of Gauthier et al. (1989), this contribution summarizes current progress in the phylogeny and taxonomy of the major clades of land-egg-laying, or amniote, vertebrates.

scholarly journals Character investigation and homology, with a brief discussion on the phylogenetic relationships of Annelida and Polychaeta within Metazoa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
José Eriberto De Assis ◽  
Martin Lindsey Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Revision ◽  
Epistemological Position

The intense production of information demands coherent treatment of available bodies of theoretical knowledge. A critical revision of methods in use within research programs is essential to maintain an adequate ontology and to guarantee the particular epistemological position required by each research area. The theory of Phylogenetic Systematics was developed in multiple forms, resulting in hypotheses that may be widely incongruent. This reflects the crisis of present paradigm, and illustrates failures in present phylogenetic thinking. The aim of the study is to discuss characters and homology hypotheses based on Hennigian principles. We present samples from the most unresolved groups within the evolutionary history of the Metazoa: Annelida and Polychaeta. The main phylogenetic proposals appearing in the history of the Annelida, from morphological (living and fossilized organisms) to molecular approaches are discussed. We do not consider annelids and polychaetes to be monophyletic entities. Both taxa need more detailed comparisons with others groups, such as deuterostomes. According to our published opinions, Annelida and Polychaeta are placed at the base of the deuterostomes, and these worm-like organisms are ultimately the ancestors of the Enterocoela. Thus, in order to systematize the Metameria, we have regarded Annelida, Pleistoannelida, Lophotrochozoa and Protostomia as being paraphyletic taxa.

Ecological correlates of ghost lineages in ruminants

Paleobiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan L. Cantalapiedra ◽  
Manuel Hernández Fernández ◽  
Gema M. Alcalde ◽  
Beatriz Azanza ◽  
Daniel DeMiguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Phylogenetic Systematics ◽  
Temporal Factors ◽  
Preservation Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
Bone Remains

Integration between phylogenetic systematics and paleontological data has proved to be an effective method for identifying periods that lack fossil evidence in the evolutionary history of clades. In this study we aim to analyze whether there is any correlation between various ecomorphological variables and the duration of these underrepresented portions of lineages, which we call ghost lineages for simplicity, in ruminants. Analyses within phylogenetic (Generalized Estimating Equations) and non-phylogenetic (ANOVAs and Pearson correlations) frameworks were performed on the whole phylogeny of this suborder of Cetartiodactyla (Mammalia). This is the first time ghost lineages are focused in this way. To test the robustness of our data, we compared the magnitude of ghost lineages among different continents and among phylogenies pruned at different ages (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 Ma). Differences in mean ghost lineage were not significantly related to either geographic or temporal factors. Our results indicate that the proportion of the known fossil record in ruminants appears to be influenced by the preservation potential of the bone remains in different environments. Furthermore, large geographical ranges of species increase the likelihood of preservation.

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