Strength Training Using a Novel Swallow Resistance Exercise Device (SRED) Improves Oropharyngeal Swallow Function, Deglutitive UES Opening and Biomechanics in a Heterogeneous Group of Dysphagic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilpesh Agrawal ◽  
Mark Kern ◽  
Stephanie Stevens ◽  
Laurie Dulitz ◽  
Taylor Dummer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Ues Opening ◽  
Dysphagic Patients ◽  
Swallow Function

scholarly journals Energy Cost of Resistance Exercises: an Uptade

2011 ◽  
Vol 29A (Special-Issue) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Reis ◽  
Roberto Júnior ◽  
Adam Zajac ◽  
Diogo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Cost Of Resistance

Energy Cost of Resistance Exercises: an UptadeThe use of resistance exercises and of typical strength training methods have been progressively used to control body mass and to promote fat mass loss. The difficulties involved in the energy cost calculation during strength training are associated with the large amount of exercises and their several variations. Mean values between ≈3 and 30 kcal·min-1are typically reported but our studies indicate that it may attain values as high as 40 kcal·min-1in exercises which involve a large body mass. Therefore, in our opinion, the next step in research must be the isolated study of each of the main resistance exercises. Since the literature is scarce and that we do consider that the majority of the studies present severe limitations, the aim of this paper is to present a critical analysis of the energy cost estimation methods and provide some insights that may help to improve knowledge on resistance exercise. It seems necessary to rely on the expired O2measurements to quantify aerobic energy. However, it is warranted further attention on how this measure is performed during resistance exercises. In example, studies on the O2on-kinetics at various conditions are warranted (i.e. as a function of intensity, duration and movement speed). As for anaerobic lactic energy, it is our opinion that both the accumulated oxygen deficit and the blood lactate energy equivalent deserve further studies; analyzing variations of each method as an attempt to establish which is more valid for resistance exercise. The quantification of alactic anaerobic energy should be complemented by accurate studies on the muscle mass involved in the different resistance exercises. From the above, it is concluded that knowledge on the energy cost in resistance exercises is in its early days and that much research is warranted before appropriate reference values may be proposed.

Maximal intensity exercise and strength training

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Tolfrey
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Maximal Intensity ◽  
Health Gains

Chapter 40 focuses specifically on the scientific evidence that has come from studies involving children or adolescents who have completed maximal (high-) intensity exercise training and resistance exercise training. The aim is not to explore health gains but those that might be important when considering participation in sport.

Upper esophageal sphincter impedance as a marker of sphincter opening diameter

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (9) ◽  
pp. G909-G913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taher I. Omari ◽  
Lara Ferris ◽  
Eddy Dejaeger ◽  
Jan Tack ◽  
Dirk Vanbeckevoort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Upper Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Swallowing Dysfunction ◽  
Pharyngeal Swallow ◽  
Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Ues Opening ◽  
Swallow Function

The measurement of the physical extent of opening of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) during bolus swallowing has to date relied on videofluoroscopy. Theoretically luminal impedance measured during bolus flow should be influenced by luminal diameter. In this study, we measured the UES nadir impedance (lowest value of impedance) during bolus swallowing and assessed it as a potential correlate of UES diameter that can be determined nonradiologically. In 40 patients with dysphagia, bolus swallowing of liquids, semisolids, and solids was recorded with manometry, impedance, and videofluoroscopy. During swallows, the UES opening diameter (in the lateral fluoroscopic view) was measured and compared with automated impedance manometry (AIM)-derived swallow function variables and UES nadir impedance as well as high-resolution manometry-derived UES relaxation pressure variables. Of all measured variables, UES nadir impedance was the most strongly correlated with UES opening diameter. Narrower diameter correlated with higher impedance ( r = −0.478, P < 0.001). Patients with <10 mm, 10–14 mm (normal), and ≥15 mm UES diameter had average UES nadir impedances of 498 ± 39 Ohms, 369 ± 31 Ohms, and 293 ± 17 Ohms, respectively (ANOVA P = 0.005). A higher swallow risk index, indicative of poor pharyngeal swallow function, was associated with narrower UES diameter and higher UES nadir impedance during swallowing. In contrast, UES relaxation pressure variables were not significantly altered in relation to UES diameter. We concluded that the UES nadir impedance correlates with opening diameter of the UES during bolus flow. This variable, when combined with other pharyngeal AIM analysis variables, may allow characterization of the pathophysiology of swallowing dysfunction.

scholarly journals Burrowing as a novel voluntary strength training method for mice: A comparison of various voluntary strength or resistance exercise methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Roemers ◽  
P.N. Mazzola ◽  
P.P. De Deyn ◽  
W.J. Bossers ◽  
M.J.G. van Heuvelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Voluntary Strength

scholarly journals Investigation of Clinical Effects of High- and Low-Resistance Training for Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Hwa Jan ◽  
Jiu-Jeng Lin ◽  
Jiann-Jong Liau ◽  
Yeong-Fwu Lin ◽  
Da-Hon Lin
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and PurposeMuscle strength training is important for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). High-resistance exercise has been demonstrated to be more beneficial than low-resistance exercise for young subjects. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high- and low-resistance strength training in elderly subjects with knee OA.Subjects and MethodsOne hundred two subjects were randomly assigned to groups that received 8 weeks of high-resistance exercise (HR group), 8 weeks of low-resistance exercise (LR group), or no exercise (control group). Pain, function, walking time, and muscle torque were examined before and after intervention.ResultsSignificant improvement for all measures was observed in both exercise groups. There was no significant difference in any measures between HR and LR groups. However, based on effect size between exercise and control groups, the HR group improved more than the LR group.Discussion and ConclusionBoth high- and low-resistance strength training significantly improved clinical effects in this study. The effects of high-resistance strength training appear to be larger than those of low-resistance strength training for people with mild to moderate knee OA, although the differences between the HR and LR groups were not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Impact of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Voluntary Cough and Swallow Function in Parkinson Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 1301-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Pitts ◽  
Donald Bolser ◽  
John Rosenbek ◽  
Michelle Troche ◽  
Michael S. Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Voluntary Cough ◽  
Expiratory Muscle ◽  
Expiratory Muscle Strength Training ◽  
Swallow Function

Resistance Exercise-Induced Myostatin mRNA Expression Before and After a 6-month Strength Training Period

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S10
Author(s):  
Juha J. Hulmi ◽  
Juha P. Ahtiainen ◽  
Vuokko Kovanen ◽  
Tuomas Kaasalainen ◽  
Markku Alen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Resistance Exercise Reduces Skeletal Muscle Cachexia and Improves Muscle Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salaheddin Sharif ◽  
James M. Thomas ◽  
David A. Donley ◽  
Diana L. Gilleland ◽  
Daniel E. Bonner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rheumatoid Cachexia

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease associated with cachexia (reduced muscle and increased fat). Although strength-training exercise has been used in persons with RA, it is not clear if it is effective for reducing cachexia. A 46-year-old woman was studied to determine: (i) if resistance exercise could reverse cachexia by improving muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area, and muscle function; and (2) if elevated apoptotic signaling was involved in cachexia with RA and could be reduced by resistance training. A needle biopsy was obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle of the RA subject before and after 16 weeks of resistance training. Knee extensor strength increased by 13.6% and fatigue decreased by 2.8% Muscle mass increased by 2.1%. Average muscle fiber cross-sectional area increased by 49.7%, and muscle nuclei increased slightly after strength training from 0.08 to 0.12 nuclei/μm2. In addition, there was a slight decrease (1.6%) in the number of apoptotic muscle nuclei after resistance training. This case study suggests that resistance training may be a good tool for increasing the number of nuclei per fiber area, decreasing apoptotic nuclei, and inducing fiber hypertrophy in persons with RA, thereby slowing or reversing rheumatoid cachexia.

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