W10.268 Unsaturated fatty acids modulate ABCA1 gene expression in human THP-1 macrophages

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
J VALLVE
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Abca1 Gene

W10.268 Unsaturated fatty acids modulate ABCA1 gene expression in human THP-1 macrophages

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
J. Vallvé ◽  
K. Uliaque ◽  
J. Girona ◽  
A. Cabre ◽  
J. Ribalta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Abca1 Gene

Unsaturated fatty acids synergistically enhance glucocorticoid-induced gene expression

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Vallette ◽  
Charlotte Sumida ◽  
Nicole Thobie ◽  
Emmanuel A. Nunez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Acai Extract Transiently Upregulates Erythropoietin by Inducing a Renal Hypoxic Condition in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Shibuya ◽  
Toshihiko Toda ◽  
Yusuke Ozawa ◽  
Mario Jose Villegas Yata ◽  
Takahiko Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. Then, we examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also transiently upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.

scholarly journals Diffusible Signal Factors Act through AraC-Type Transcriptional Regulators as Chemical Cues To Repress Virulence of Enteric Pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Maosa Bosire ◽  
Colleen R. Eade ◽  
Carl J. Schiltz ◽  
Amanda J. Reid ◽  
Jerry Troutman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression

ABSTRACT Successful colonization by enteric pathogens is contingent upon effective interactions with the host and the resident microbiota. These pathogens thus respond to and integrate myriad signals to control virulence. Long-chain fatty acids repress the virulence of the important enteric pathogens Salmonella enterica and Vibrio cholerae by repressing AraC-type transcriptional regulators in pathogenicity islands. While several fatty acids are known to be repressive, we show here that cis-2-unsaturated fatty acids, a rare chemical class used as diffusible signal factors (DSFs), are highly potent inhibitors of virulence functions. We found that DSFs repressed virulence gene expression of enteric pathogens by interacting with transcriptional regulators of the AraC family. In Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, DSFs repress the activity of HilD, an AraC-type activator essential to the induction of epithelial cell invasion, by both preventing its interaction with target DNA and inducing its rapid degradation by Lon protease. cis-2-Hexadecenoic acid (c2-HDA), a DSF produced by Xylella fastidiosa, was the most potent among those tested, repressing the HilD-dependent transcriptional regulator hilA and the type III secretion effector sopB >200- and 68-fold, respectively. Further, c2-HDA attenuated the transcription of the ToxT-dependent cholera toxin synthesis genes of V. cholerae. c2-HDA significantly repressed invasion gene expression by Salmonella in the murine colitis model, indicating that the HilD-dependent signaling pathway functions within the complex milieu of the animal intestine. These data argue that enteric pathogens respond to DSFs as interspecies signals to identify appropriate niches in the gut for virulence activation, which could be exploited to control the virulence of enteric pathogens.

Acai Extract Increases the Red Blood Cell Population via Erythropoietin Upregulation in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Shibuya ◽  
Toshihiko Toda ◽  
Yusuke Ozawa ◽  
Takahiko Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. We then examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also significantly upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the number of blood cells through an increased erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.

scholarly journals Effects of different dietary lipid sources on fatty acid composition and gene expression in common carp

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Hongtao Ren ◽  
Guang-Qin Zhang ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Xiao-Chan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Linoleic Acid

The effects of fatty acid composition in artificial feed on the change in the fatty acid composition of carp muscles and the relationship between Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 genes participating in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis were studied. Juveniles were fed three semi-purified diets (D1–D3) for 6 weeks with different lipid sources: D1, fish oil with high highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA); D2, corn oil with high linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA), D3, linseed oil with high α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA); then, samples were taken to explore the molecular mechanism and the factors which affect the synthesis of carp HUFA. The content of LA and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA) in common carp fed Diet 2 was higher than in carp receiving D3 (P < 0.05), but the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were lower than in carp fed D1 and D2 (P < 0.05). The liver transcript abundance of Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 in fish fed D2 and D3 at the end of 6 weeks was generally higher than the abundance in the initial stage and in the fish fed D1 (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the common carp can biosynthesise HUFA, and the type and content of fatty acids in feed affected not only the composition and content of fatty acids in common carp muscles, but also the Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 gene expression involved in the biosynthesis of HUFA. Feeding high levels of n-3 HUFA diet can increase the body content of EPA and DHA in common carp. The results of this research may provide a theoretical basis for choosing an appropriate source of lipid for common carp feeds.  

scholarly journals Promiscuous Diffusible Signal Factor Production and Responsiveness of the Xylella fastidiosa Rpf System

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ionescu ◽  
Kenji Yokota ◽  
Elena Antonova ◽  
Angelica Garcia ◽  
Ellen Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Diffusible Signal Factor

ABSTRACT Cell density-dependent regulation of gene expression in Xylella fastidiosa that is crucial to its switching between plant hosts and insect vectors is dependent on RpfF and its production of 2-enoic acids known as diffusible signal factor (DSF). We show that X. fastidiosa produces a particularly large variety of similar, relatively long-chain-length 2-enoic acids that are active in modulating gene expression. Both X. fastidiosa itself and a Pantoea agglomerans surrogate host harboring X. fastidiosa RpfF ( Xf RpfF) is capable of producing a variety of both saturated and unsaturated free fatty acids. However, only 2- cis unsaturated acids were found to be biologically active in X. fastidiosa . X. fastidiosa produces, and is particularly responsive to, a novel DSF species, 2- cis -hexadecanoic acid that we term Xf DSF2. It is also responsive to other, even longer 2-enoic acids to which other taxa such as Xanthomonas campestris are unresponsive. The 2-enoic acids that are produced by X. fastidiosa are strongly affected by the cellular growth environment, with Xf DSF2 not detected in culture media in which 2-tetradecenoic acid ( Xf DSF1) had previously been found. X. fastidiosa is responsive to much lower concentrations of Xf DSF2 than Xf DSF1. Apparently competitive interactions can occur between various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that block the function of those agonistic 2-enoic fatty acids. By altering the particular 2-enoic acids produced and the relative balance of free enoic and saturated fatty acids, X. fastidiosa might modulate the extent of DSF-mediated quorum sensing. IMPORTANCE X. fastidiosa , having a complicated lifestyle in which it moves and multiplies within plants but also must be vectored by insects, utilizes DSF-based quorum sensing to partition the expression of traits needed for these two processes within different cells in this population based on local cellular density. The finding that it can produce a variety of DSF species in a strongly environmentally context-dependent manner provides insight into how it coordinates the many genes under the control of DSF signaling to successfully associate with its two hosts. Since the new DSF variant Xf DSF2 described here is much more active than the previously recognized DSF species, it should contribute to plant disease control, given that the susceptibility of plants can be greatly reduced by artificially elevating the levels of DSF in plants, creating “pathogen confusion,” resulting in lower virulence.

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