THE HEXOKINASE REACTION IN TISSUE EXTRACTS FROM NORMAL AND DIABETIC RATS

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of increasing exogenous palmitate concentration on carbohydrate and palmitate oxidation in hearts from control and 1-wk diabetic rats. Hearts were perfused with glucose, [3-13C]lactate, and [U-13C]palmitate. Substrate oxidation rates were determined by combining13C-NMR glutamate isotopomer analysis of tissue extracts with measurements of oxygen consumption. Carbohydrate oxidation was markedly depressed after diabetes in the presence of low (0.1 mM) but not high (1.0 mM) palmitate concentration. Increasing exogenous palmitate concentration 10-fold resulted in a 7-fold increase in the contribution of palmitate to energy production in controls but only a 30% increase in the diabetic group. Consequently, at 0.1 mM palmitate, the rate of fatty acid oxidation was higher in the diabetic group than in controls; however, at 1.0 mM fatty acid oxidation, it was significantly depressed. Therefore, after 1 wk of diabetes, the major differences in carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism occur primarily at low rather than high exogenous palmitate concentration.

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Soluble and particulate phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase in hypothalamus of diabetic rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.2.e335 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 263 (2) ◽

pp. E335-E339

Author(s):

J. E. Chappell ◽

J. K. Stewart

Keyword(s):

Experimental Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Particulate Fraction ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Rat Hypothalamus ◽

Tissue Extracts ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

In Vitro Response

Experimental diabetes increases total phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity in the medulla-pons but not in the hypothalamus. In this study diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-eight days after treatment there were no differences in soluble PNMT activity in the hypothalamus of diabetics and controls, but PNMT activity in a membrane-associated (particulate) fraction of hypothalamus was evaluated approximately twofold in tissues of diabetic animals compared with controls. A specific PNMT inhibitor, incubated with tissue extracts of control rats, abolished greater than 90% of particulate PNMT activity in the hypothalamus but reduced soluble PNMT activity in the hypothalamus by only 47%. These findings indicate that membrane-associated PNMT activity in rat hypothalamus differs from soluble hypothalamic PNMT in the in vitro response to an inhibitor and the in vivo response to diabetes and suggest the importance of separating subcellular hypothalamic fractions prior to assay of PNMT.

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Sites of Insulin Action Using Ferritin Labeling

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100066759 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 540-541

Author(s):

Burton B. Silver ◽

Ronald S. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Anterior Pituitary ◽

Insulin Action ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Insulin Antibody ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Target Organs ◽

Uranium Salts ◽

Sugar Levels

Some investigators feel that insulin does not enter cells but exerts its influence in some manner on the cell surface. Ferritin labeling of insulin and insulin antibody was used to determine if binding sites of insulin to specific target organs could be seen with electron microscopy.Alloxanized rats were considered diabetic if blood sugar levels were in excess of 300 mg %. Test reagents included ferritin, ferritin labeled insulin, and ferritin labeled insulin antibody. Target organs examined were were diaphragm, kidney, gastrocnemius, fat pad, liver and anterior pituitary. Reagents were administered through the left common carotid. Survival time was at least one hour in test animals. Tissue incubation studies were also done in normal as well as diabetic rats. Specimens were fixed in gluteraldehyde and osmium followed by staining with lead and uranium salts. Some tissues were not stained.

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A PPARψ agonist improved diabetic state via decreasing TNF-α without any change including obesity in genetically obese diabetic rats

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)83353-9 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A674-A674 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A FUNAKOSHI ◽

M ICHIKAWA ◽

Y SATO ◽

S KANAI ◽

M OHTA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Rats ◽

Diabetic State ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Obese Diabetic Rats

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791: Endothelial Rehabilitation - The Impact of Chronic PDE5 Inhibitors on Erectile Function and Protein Alterations in Cavernous Tissue of Diabetic Rats

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31031-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 177 (4S) ◽

pp. 264-265

Author(s):

Ling De Young ◽

KokBin Lim ◽

Jeffery Carson ◽

Trustin Domes ◽

Mussa Al-Numi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erectile Function ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Pde5 Inhibitors ◽

Cavernous Tissue ◽

Protein Alterations ◽

The Impact

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Abstract # P-9: Bauhinia Variegata Decreases Renal Damage in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)43822-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 17-18

Author(s):

Mayuresh S. Garud ◽

Yogesh A. Kulkarni

Keyword(s):

Renal Damage ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Bauhinia Variegata

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The significance of glomerular cyclin-kinase inhibitor p27 in diabetic rats

European Urology Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1569-9056(03)90555-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 201

Author(s):

B LI

Keyword(s):

Kinase Inhibitor ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Cyclin Kinase Inhibitor

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Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000259 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (1-2) ◽

pp. 45-54

Author(s):

Akemi Suzuki ◽

André Manoel Correia-Santos ◽

Gabriela Câmara Vicente ◽

Luiz Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽

Gilson Teles Boaventura

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Flaxseed Flour ◽

Maternal Consumption

Abstract. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal consumption of flaxseed flour and oil on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones of the adult female offspring of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by a high-fat diet (60%) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Rats were mated and once pregnancy was confirmed, were divided into the following groups: Control Group (CG): casein-based diet; High-fat Group (HG): high-fat diet (49%); High-fat Flaxseed Group (HFG): high-fat diet supplemented with 25% flaxseed flour; High-fat Flaxseed Oil group (HOG): high-fat diet, where soya oil was replaced with flaxseed oil. After weaning, female pups (n = 6) from each group were separated, received a commercial rat diet and were sacrificed after 180 days. Serum insulin concentrations were determined by ELISA, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight at weaning in HG (−31%), HFG (−33%) and HOG (44%) compared to CG (p = 0.002), which became similar by the end of 180 days. Blood glucose levels were reduced in HFG (−10%, p = 0.044) when compared to CG, and there was no significant difference between groups in relation to insulin, T3, T4, and TSH after 180 days. Conclusions: Maternal severe hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation resulted in a microsomal offspring. Maternal consumption of flaxseed reduces blood glucose levels in adult offspring without significant effects on insulin levels and thyroid hormones.

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