The role of perceived negativity in the moderation of African Americans' implicit and explicit racial attitudes

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Livingston
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

White Managers, Ethnoracism, and the Production of Black Ethnic Labor Market Disparities

2021 ◽  
pp. 073112142110108
Author(s):  
Mosi Adesina Ifatunji
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
African Americans ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
American Life ◽  
Labor Quality ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Ontological Framework

Few have considered the role of White managers in longstanding Black ethnic labor market disparities. Drawing on ethnoracism theory, I conceptualize the previously documented White manager preference for Afro Caribbeans as a form of prejudice that contributes to the relative success of Afro Caribbeans. White managers say they prefer Afro Caribbeans because they work harder and are less racially antagonistic than African Americans. However, using the National Survey of American Life, I show that these populations are virtually indistinguishable in terms of labor quality and racial attitudes. Moreover, net labor quality and racial attitudes, the incomes of English and non-English speaking Afro Caribbeans are greater when working for White managers, but African Americans with White managers receive no greater income than those without a White manager. I conclude with a call for the formal development of a new ontological framework for the study of these kinds of ethnoracially dynamic relationships.

scholarly journals Implicit and explicit attitudes toward African Americans and Barack Obama did not substantively change during Obama’s presidency

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Axt
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Monthly Means ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explicit Attitude ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Implicit And Explicit Attitudes

Barack Obama is perhaps the most well-known exemplar of African Americans.However, the extent to which he has impacted attitudes toward AfricanAmericans remains unclear. Using cross-sectional data (*N *> 2,200,000),the present study examined changes in racial attitudes and attitudes towardObama during the first seven years of Obama’s presidency. Attitudes showedno evidence of substantive change. After accounting for shifts in sampledemographics, results showed an increase in implicit anti-Black attitudesand no change in explicit anti-Black attitudes. Participation dateexplained only 0.01% of the variance in implicit attitudes. Correspondinganalyses of attitudes toward Obama (*N *> 210,000) indicated no change inimplicit attitudes but increasing negativity toward Obama in explicitattitudes. Date accounted for only 0.01% of explicit attitude variance.Daily and monthly means across both samples were largely unrelated.Attitudes toward African Americans in general and Obama specifically showedlittle change or correspondence during Obama’s presidency.

Dissent in the Atlantic World, 1787–1830

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Carté Engel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Church And State ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Population ◽  
Simple Fact ◽  
General Role

The very term ‘Dissenter’ became problematic in the United States, following the passing of the First Amendment. The formal separation of Church and state embodied in the First Amendment was followed by the ending of state-level tax support for churches. None of the states established after 1792 had formal religious establishments. Baptists, Congregationalists, Presbyterians, and Methodists accounted for the majority of the American population both at the beginning and end of this period, but this simple fact masks an important compositional shift. While the denominations of Old Dissent declined relatively, Methodism grew quickly, representing a third of the population by 1850. Dissenters thus faced several different challenges. Primary among these were how to understand the idea of ‘denomination’ and also the more general role of institutional religion in a post-establishment society. Concerns about missions, and the positions of women and African Americans are best understood within this context.

Racial Discrimination Predicts Mental Health Outcomes Beyond the Role of Personality Traits in a Community Sample of African Americans

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262095731
Author(s):  
Yara Mekawi ◽  
Courtland S. Hyatt ◽  
Jessica Maples-Keller ◽  
Sierra Carter ◽  
Vasiliki Michopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Hierarchical Regression

Despite a consistent body of work documenting associations between racial discrimination and negative mental health outcomes, the utility and validity of these findings have recently been questioned because some authors have posited that personality traits may account for these associations. To test this hypothesis in a community sample of African Americans ( n = 419, age: M = 43.96 years), we used bivariate relations and hierarchical regression analyses to determine whether racial discrimination accounted for additional variance in depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms beyond the role of personality. Bivariate relations between personality traits and racial discrimination were small and positive (i.e., rs ≈ .10). Regression results demonstrated that racial discrimination accounted for variance in depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress independent of personality traits ( ps < .01). These results suggest that personality traits do not fully explain associations between racial discrimination and negative mental health outcomes, further supporting the detrimental impact of racial discrimination on the mental health of African Americans.

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