Determination of Fe and Cr content in α-Zr solid solution of Zircaloy-4 with different heat-treated states

2002 ◽  
Vol 304 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Li ◽  
Bangxin Zhou ◽  
Wenjin Zhou ◽  
Pei Li ◽  
Qian Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Heat Treated

The Defect Structure of CdO

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenő Juhász ◽  
Sarolta Igaz ◽  
Béla Jóvér ◽  
Zoltán G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Defect Sites

Abstract Defect Sites of CdO, Reducibility, Analysis Three procedures of chemical analysis are proposed for the direct determination of excess Cd in CdO: a spectrophotometric, a titrimetric and a gravimetric one, for 0-1500 ppm, 500-50,000 ppm and above 5%, respectively. The good reproducibility and reliability is illustrated by results referring to CdO samples heat-treated in H 2 and in air between 100 and 350 °C. Reduction in H2 increases the concentration of excess Cd up to 4000 ppm, above that separate Cd phase forms. The excess Cd in solid solution (interstitial sites) is more resistant against re-oxidation, than the bulk Cd phase.

scholarly journals Determination of Phase Equilibria among δ-Fe, γ-Fe and Fe2M Phases in Fe-Cr-M (M: Hf, Ta) Ternary Systems

Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Zhetao Yuan ◽  
Satoru Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Vertical Section ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Heat Resistant Steels

Phase equilibria among δ-Fe, γ-Fe, and Fe2M phases in the Fe-Cr-M (M: Hf, Ta) ternary systems were determined using bulk alloys heat-treated at high temperatures. The final goal of this study is to develop novel ferritic heat resistant steels strengthened by precipitation of Fe2M phase on the eutectoid type reaction path: δ → γ + Fe2M. The phases present in heat-treated samples were identified by microstructural characterization and X-ray diffraction pattern analysis. The chemical compositions of the phases were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy. A pseudo-eutectoid trough (δ → γ + Fe2M) exists at ~1220 °C at a Hf content of 0.1% and at ~1130 °C at a Ta content of 0.6% on the vertical section at a Cr content of 9.5% in each ternary system, respectively. A thermodynamic calculation with a database that reflects reported binary phase diagrams and the present study indicates that an increase in the Cr content decreases the temperature and the Hf/Ta contents of the pseudo-eutectoid troughs. The determined phase equilibria suggest that the supersaturation of Hf/Ta for the formation of γ phase is higher in the Hf doped system than in the Ta doped system, which is probably an origin of a much slower kinetics of precipitation on the eutectoid path in the latter system.

scholarly journals Phase Relations in the ZrO2-MgO-FeOx System: Experimental Data and Assessment of Thermodynamic Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Saenko ◽  
O. Fabrichnaya
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Preliminary Phase ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThermodynamic parameters were assessed for the MgO–FeOx system and combined with already available descriptions of ZrO2-FeOx and ZrO2-MgO systems to calculate preliminary phase diagrams for planning experimental investigations. Samples of selected compositions were heat treated at 1523, 1673 and 1873 K and characterized using x-ray and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Experiments indicated extension of cubic ZrO2 solid solution into the ternary system at 1873 K (75 mol.% ZrO2, 10 mol.% FeOx and 15 mol.% MgO) and limited solubility of 4 mol.% ZrO2 in spinel phase. Based on the obtained results thermodynamic parameters of C-ZrO2 and spinel phase were optimized.

Structure and Hardness of Cryorolled and Heat-Treated 2xxx Aluminum Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 667-669 ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
S.V. Krymskiy ◽  
Elena Avtokratova ◽  
M.V. Markushev ◽  
Maxim Yu. Murashkin ◽  
O.S. Sitdikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Aging Response ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aluminum Solid Solution ◽  
A Cell

The effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by isothermal rolling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen combined with prior- and post-SPD heat treatment, on microstructure and hardness of Al-4.4%Cu-1.4%Mg-0.7%Mn (D16) alloy were investigated. It was found no nanostructuring even after straining to 75%. Сryodeformation leads to microshear banding and processing the high-density dislocation substructures with a cell size of ~ 100-200 nm. Such a structure remains almost stable under 1 hr annealing up to 200oC and with further temperature increase initially transforms to bimodal with a small fraction of nanograins and then to uniform coarse grained one. It is found the change in the alloy post–SPD aging response leading to more active decomposition of the preliminary supersaturated aluminum solid solution, and to the alloy extra hardening under aging with shorter times and at lower temperatures compared to T6 temper.

Oxidation-Resistance of (Ti,Al,Cr,Y)N Coatings Prepared by Arc Ion Plating

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 338-341
Author(s):  
Ming Sheng Li ◽  
Yong Zhong Fan ◽  
Shu Juan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Substrate Bias ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Arc Ion Plating ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Engine Compressor

In this study, composite metastable (Ti0.49Al0.49Y0.02)N, (Ti0.44Al0.44Cr0.1Y0.02)N and (Ti0.34Al0.34Cr0.3Y0.02)N coatings were respectively deposited on a wrought martensite steel 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV for aero-engine compressor blades by arc ion plating technique with a pulse substrate bias. All the coatings have B1NaCl phase structure with a (220) preferred orientation and dense structures. The introduction of chromium into the coatings gave rise to a minute shrinkage of crystal lattice and a decrease of crystal size. Annealed at 800°C, Oxidation-resistance of the coatings improved with increased Cr content. But heat-treated at 900°C, the incorporation of Cr gave rise to obvious decrease of oxidation-resistance.

Changes in Residual Stress in Worked Surface Layer of Type 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel Due to Tensile Deformation

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Makoto Hayashi ◽  
Kunio Enomoto
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304

Changes in the residual stress in a worked surface layer of type 304 austenitic stainless steel due to tensile deformation were measured by the X-ray diffraction residual stress measuring method. The compressive residual stresses introduced by end-mill, end-mill side cutter, and grinder were easily changed into tensile stresses when the plate specimens were subjected to tensile stress greater than the yield stress of the solid solution heat-treated material. The residual stresses after the tensile deformation depend on the initial residual stresses and the degree of preliminary working. The behavior of the residual stress changes can be interpreted if the surface-worked material is regarded as a composite made of solid solution heat-treated material and work-hardened material.

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