Laparoscopic secondary port conversion using a reusable blunt conical trocar

2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Davis
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Port

scholarly journals Normal laparoscopic anatomy of the caprine pelvic cavity

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujeeb Ur Rehman Fazili ◽  
Riaz Ahmad Shah ◽  
Maajid Hassan Bhat ◽  
Firdous Ahmad Khan ◽  
Anubhav Khajuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Trendelenburg Position ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Linea Alba ◽  
Secondary Port ◽  
Primary Port

Due to the several advantages over conventional procedures, the laparoscopic disease diagnosis and surgery has now started receiving attention in small ruminants. The normal laparoscopic anatomy needs to be described for comparison with the findings in animals with various diseases. The objective of the present study was therefore to describe the laparoscopic anatomy of the caprine pelvic cavity. Adult Bakerwal and Pashmina goats (n=25) of both the sexes were included in this laparoscopy study. All the animals were restrained in dorsal recumbency and Trendelenburg position under lumbosacral epidural anesthesia and sedation. After creating the pneumoperitoneum, the primary port for 5 mm laparoscope was placed at linea alba (3.0 cm cranial to mammary glands in does), and at right paramedian (3.0 cm cranial to the rudimentary teat in the bucks) site. Secondary port was placed under direct laparoscopic observation 5-6 cm away from the primary port in horizontal plane, to allow insertion of the grasping forceps. Scan was performed first at the primary port and subsequently through the secondary port for orientation and exploration of the pelvic cavity. The ventral laparoscopic approach provided satisfactory exposure of the pelvic cavity in goats. Comprehensive description of the pelvic organs could be obtained. However, dorsal aspect of the urinary bladder neck and accessory genital organs of male animals could not be visualized. Major complications were not encountered during or after laparoscopy. Laparoscopy a minimally invasive procedure has several advantages over alternate methods of understanding anatomy, physiology and pathology of most of the intraperitoneal pelvic structures in goats. The technique has high pedagogic value. The procedure is safe in experienced hands.

LAPAROSCOPIC SECONDARY PORT CONVERSION USING A REUSABLE BLUNT CONICAL TROCAR

2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-635
Author(s):  
Dan R. Davis ◽  
Jeanne M. Schilder ◽  
William W. Hurd
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Port

scholarly journals Intraoperative safety of low pressure pneumoperitoneum cholecystectomy: a comparative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 3679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil Mahajan ◽  
Manu Shankar ◽  
Vinod K. Garg ◽  
Vijender Gupta ◽  
Jaya Sorout
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Parietal Peritoneum ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Difficulty ◽  
Secondary Port ◽  
Care Surgery ◽  
Bile Spillage

Background: With the establishment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as gold standard for management of cholelithiasis, the current stress is on increasing patient safety. Hence, this study was undertaken to compare the effect of low pressure pneumoperitoneum (LPP <10mm Hg) versus high pressure pneumoperitoneum (HPP >14mm Hg) in a prospective randomized manner on intraoperative safety, assessing the working space and safety by seeing contact of parietal peritoneum to underlying viscera during secondary port insertion.Methods: 120 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into the LPP (<10mm Hg) group (n=60) and the HPP (>14mm Hg) group (n=60) prospectively. Available working space assessed directly, safety by contact of parietal peritoneum to underlying viscera during secondary port insertion and operative difficulty assessed by visualization, dissection and grasping, total duration of surgery; intra-operative gas consumption, and bile spillage were assessed.Results: There was no significant difference in terms of available working space, operative duration, consumption of carbon dioxide, surgeon’s operative difficulty and intraoperative bile spillage. Out of 180 secondary ports inserted, there was evident contact of 20 (11.1%) secondary ports in high pressure groups and 14 (7.7%) secondary ports in low pressure group, which is suggestive of adequate exposure and working space available for surgery at both pressures.Conclusions: Low-pressure cholecystectomy did not compromise intraoperative safety and should be the standard of care in day care surgery.

A Theory for the Side Force produced in Two-Dimensional Nozzles by Secondary Gas Injection

1968 ◽  
Vol 72 (687) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
John H. Neilson ◽  
Alastair Gilchrist ◽  
Chee K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gas Injection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Side Force ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Secondary Port ◽  
Theoretical Side

Summary:This work is concerned with the side force produced in rocket nozzles by secondary gas injection. A new theory for determining the side force is presented for two-dimensional flow and this is considered to be an important step towards a theory applicable to three-dimensional flow. The proposed theory is based on a double wedge model for the separated region upstream of the secondary port. The principal feature of the model is that it accounts tor the fact that the angle of the shock wave, originating from the separated region, is observed to increase with increase in secondary mass flow rate. Theoretical side force results are shown to compare favourably with experimental results obtained using two-dimensional nozzles and a comparison is made between the proposed theory and the theories of other workers.

Side Thrust Control by Secondary Gas Injection into Rocket Nozzles

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Neilson ◽  
A. Gilchrist ◽  
C. K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Axial Thrust ◽  
Side Force ◽  
Axial Location ◽  
Force Transducers ◽  
Directional Control ◽  
Constant Diameter ◽  
Supersonic Region ◽  
Thrust Control ◽  
Secondary Port

Directional control of rockets can be achieved by using secondary gas jets for providing side forces. The present investigation is concerned with the fact that a greater side force can be achieved by expanding the secondary gas into the supersonic region of the main nozzle than by expanding it directly to atmosphere. A laboratory test rig using ambient temperature air for the primary and secondary flows is described. Axial thrust and side force were measured using strain gauge force transducers. The experiments were performed on a small axisymmetric main nozzle with a 10° semi-angle of divergence and with sonic injection through circular ports placed normal to the main nozzle axis. The investigations centred principally on the effects of (1) varying the secondary port size at a given axial location in the nozzle and of (2) varying the axial location of a port of constant diameter. Side force and axial thrust augmentation characteristics were obtained for a range of primary and secondary flow inlet pressures. The results show the relative importance of the parameters on which side force depends, the maximum side force that may be produced and the interdependence of axial thrust augmentation and side force.

LEAP: Laparoscopic ergonomic accessory porting: Simple and secure technique of secondary port insertion

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-112
Author(s):  
Priyadarshan Anand Jategaonkar ◽  
Smita Priyadarshan Jategaonkar ◽  
Sudeep Pradeep Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Port

Control Forces in Rocket Nozzles Produced by Multiport Gaseous Injection

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-610
Author(s):  
J. H. Neilson ◽  
A. Gilchrist ◽  
C. K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Single Port ◽  
Side Force ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Equivalent Area ◽  
Secondary Port ◽  
Control Forces ◽  
Port Location ◽  
Parallel Type

This work is concerned with the optimization of the method by which secondary gas is used to produce side force in rocket nozzles and is part of a series of investigations in which the effects of secondary port area, port location in the main nozzle and the angle between the axes of the main and secondary nozzles have been studied. In this note the merits of using multiport configurations for introducing the secondary gas as compared with using a single port of equivalent area are considered. It is shown that, at a given location for introducing the secondary flow, multiport arrangements of either the radial or parallel type give side forces less than that produced by a single port passing the same secondary mass flow.

scholarly journals Improvement in the Sediment Management of a Lagoon Harbor: The Case of Marano Lagunare, Italy

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Silvia Bosa ◽  
Marco Petti ◽  
Sara Pascolo
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Sediment Deposition ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Safe Navigation ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Sediment Input ◽  
Secondary Port

Port silting is a common and natural process which often causes serious inconveniences for safe navigation and requires expensive dredging operations to keep the port operative. Sediment deposition is closely related to the exchange water between the basin and the surrounding environment; one way to limit deposits is by reducing the flow entering the port. However, this may be in contrast with the need for adequate sediment quality, which in turn is closely related to an appropriate water current. This seems to be particularly important in lagoon environments, where sediments are often polluted, making its disposal more complicated and costly. The present paper investigates the situation of the port of Marano Lagunare (Italy) by means of a bidimensional morphological-hydrodynamic and spectral coupled model. To reduce the sediment input into the port, the closure of a secondary port entrance is usually suggested. However, this work demonstrates that a complete dredging of the secondary port inlet allows for an increase in water circulation or efficiency renewal, which ensures a better oxygenation at the bottom of the canals.

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