Triterpene and flavanone glycoside from Rhododendron simsii

Objectives. Total flavones from Rhododendron simsii Planch. (TFR) are the effective part extracted from the flowers of Rhododendron simsii Planch. and have obvious protective effects against cerebral ischemic or myocardial injuries in rabbits and rats. However, their mechanism of cardioprotection is still unrevealed. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of TFR on myocardial I/R injury and the underlying mechanism. Methods. TFR groups were treated by gavage once a day for 3 days at a dose of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively, and then the model of myocardial I/R injury was established. Myocardial infarction, ST-segment elevation, and the expression of UTR, ROCK1, ROCK2, and p-MLC protein in rat myocardium were determined at 90 min after reperfusion. UTR siRNA in vivo transfection and competition binding assay method were used to study the relationship between the protective effect of TFR and UTR. Results. The expression of UTR protein markedly decreased in myocardium of UTR siRNA transfection group rats. TFR could significantly reduce the infarct size and inhibit the increase of RhoA activity and ROCK1, ROCK2, and p-MLC protein expressions both in WT and UTR knockdown rats. The reducing rate of TFR in myocardial infarction area, RhoA activity, and ROCK1, ROCK2, and p-MLC protein expressions in UTR knockdown rats decreased markedly compared with that in WT rats. In addition, TFR had no obvious effect on the increase of ΣST in UTR knockdown rats in comparison with that in model group. In particular, TFR could significantly inhibit the combination of [I125]-hu-II and UTR, and IC50 was 0.854 mg/l. Conclusions. The results indicate that the protective effect of TFR on I/R injury may be correlated with its blocking UTR and the subsequent inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

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Multiplicação vegetativa de azálea (Rhododendron simsii, Planch). I. Efeito de fito-hormônio e épocas de estaqueamento

Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz ◽

10.1590/s0071-12761977000100008 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 34 (0) ◽

pp. 111-120

Author(s):

F.M. Fernandes ◽

P.D. Fernandes ◽

J.R. Mattos

Keyword(s):

Rhododendron Simsii

O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo de estaqueamento de azálea (Rhododendron simsii, Planch), em épocas correspondentes ao final das quatro estações do ano e efeitos de aplicação de um fito-hormônio (Exuberone), pelo método lento, em oito diferentes concentrações. Foi utilizado ripado, em condições de Jaboticabal-SP, durante o período de março/1974 a março/1975. De quatro a cinco meses após o estaqueamento foi calculada a porcentagem de plantas enraizadas e foram feitas amostragens para obtenção do número de raízes, seu comprimento e peso de matéria seca e o numero de folhas desenvolvidas. Dos resultados analisados, conclui-se que a época de fins de primavera é a mais favorável para estaqueamento de azálea, independente do uso de Exuberone. Quanto ao efeito do Exuberone, os dados variaram tanto entre épocas como dentro de uma mesma época. A época menos favorável foi a de fins de inverno, havendo necessidade de serem testadas doses mais altas do produto.

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Chemical Removal of Premature, Unwanted Azalea Buds

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-6.4.122 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 122-124

Author(s):

Kenneth C. Sanderson ◽

Willis C. Martin ◽

R. Bruce Reed

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Rhododendron Simsii ◽

Spray Applications

Spray applications of 4.2% Off-Shoot-0 (a mixture of methyl ester of fatty acids C6, C8, C10, and C12) effectively destroyed flower bud scales and flower parts on the azalea (Rhododendron simsii Plachon.) cultivars ‘Prize’ and ‘Kingfisher’. The addition of ethephon to Off-Shoot-0 did not increase the destruction of bud scales and flower parts. Dikegulac-sodium and oxathiin alone or in combination with ethephon did not significantly destroy scales or flower parts. Destructive chemical pinching agents such as dimethyl dodecylamine and n-undecanol usually were as effective as Off-Shoot-0 in killing bud scales but not flower parts. Cultivars differed slightly in their response to chemicals designed to destroy unwanted flower buds.

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Antiviral activity of Faramea bahiensis leaves on dengue virus type-2 and characterization of a new antiviral flavanone glycoside

Phytochemistry Letters ◽

10.1016/j.phytol.2017.01.013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 220-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adriana C. Nascimento ◽

Ligia M.M. Valente ◽

Mário Gomes ◽

Rodolfo S. Barboza ◽

Thiago Wolff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Dengue Virus ◽

Virus Type ◽

Flavanone Glycoside ◽

Dengue Virus Type 2

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Melitidin: A Flavanone Glycoside from Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800411 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wei Zou ◽

Yonggang Wang ◽

Haibin Liu ◽

Yulong Luo ◽

Si Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Mass Spectrometric ◽

Mass Spectrometric Data ◽

Spectrometric Data ◽

Antitussive Effect ◽

First Time ◽

Flavanone Glycoside ◽

Resolution Mass ◽

C Nmr

Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ is a traditional Chinese medicine, used as an antitussive. In this research, melitidin, a flavanone glycoside, was isolated from this species for the first time by using chromatographic methods. The structure was confirmed through comprehensive analyses of its ultraviolet, infrared, 1H and 13C NMR, HMBC and HMQC spectroscopic and high-resolution mass spectrometric data. Meliditin showed a good antitussive effect on cough induced by citric acid in Guinea pig, suggesting that it was a contributor to the antitussive effect of C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’.

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Diversity of root-associated fungi of Rhododendron simsii in subtropical forests: fungal communities with high resistance to anthropogenic disturbances

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-019-01050-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 2321-2330

Author(s):

Yanhua Zhang ◽

Fangping Tang ◽

Jian Ni ◽

Lijia Dong ◽

Lifu Sun

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Native Species ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Forest Types ◽

Subtropical Forests ◽

Rhododendron Simsii

Abstract Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas (ERM) are considered beneficial to their survival and persistence in variable habitats. Currently, increasing anthropogenic disturbances and improper forest management are affecting subtropical forests of China where these native species located. These activities not only affect plant communities above-ground, but also impose pressures on microbial communities below- ground. In this study, root-associated fungal communities of Rhododendron simsii in four forest types under different anthropogenic disturbances were identified using an Illumina Miseq platform, i.e., old growth forests, secondary forests with one cutting (SEC I), secondary forests with two cuttings (SEC II), and Chinese-fir plantations (PLF). Intra- and inter-annual variations were analyzed by comparing samples taken in different seasons and years. The results show that: (1) over 1000 OTUs were found in hair roots with most from the division Ascomycota and Basidiomycota belonging to different functional groups; (2) while there were a few indicator OTUs specific to different forest types, seasons and years, the proportion of shared taxa was quite large, accounting for 44.9–79.4% of the total OTUs; (3) significantly positive correlations were found between disturbance sensitivity and temporal variations in common fungal orders, and both in major fungal orders were significantly different among fungal functional groups in which putative and possible ERM fungi were highly resistant to disturbances and low temporal variations. The high disturbance resistance and temporal persistence of putative ERM fungi may be essential for the successful adaptation of R. simsii in disturbed subtropical forests of China.

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