Paradoxical effect of cow dung exposure on childhood atopy in rural and urban children in South India

Abstract Varicella infection during pregnancy has serious and/or difficult implications and in some cases lethal outcome. Though epidemiological studies in developing countries reveal that a significant proportion of patients may remain susceptible during pregnancy, such an estimate of susceptible women is not known in India. We designed this study to study the prevalence and factors associated with susceptibility to varicella among rural and urban pregnant women in South India. We prospectively recruited 430 pregnant women and analysed their serum varicella IgG antibodies as surrogates for protection. We estimated seroprevalence, the validity of self-reported history of chickenpox and factors associated with varicella susceptibility. We found 23 (95% CI 19.1–27.3) of women were susceptible. Nearly a quarter (22.2%) of the susceptible women had a history of exposure to chickenpox anytime in the past or during the current pregnancy. Self-reported history of varicella had a positive predictive value of 82.4%. Negative history of chickenpox (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.15–3.0) and receiving antenatal care from a rural secondary hospital (adjusted PR 4.08, 95% CI 2.1–7.65) were significantly associated with susceptibility. We conclude that high varicella susceptibility rates during pregnancy were noted and self-reported history of varicella may not be a reliable surrogate for protection.

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Prevalence of different species of Culicoides in Bangalore rural and urban districts of South India

Journal of Parasitic Diseases ◽

10.1007/s12639-014-0544-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 591-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Archana ◽

Placid E. D’Souza ◽

C. Renuka Prasad ◽

S. M. Byregowda

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Urban Districts ◽

Rural And Urban

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and their Relationship with Endothelial Dysfunction in Rural and Urban South African Children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-54162/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Edna N. Matjuda ◽

Godwill Azeh Engwa ◽

Samuel Nkeh Chungag Anye ◽

Benedicta N. Nkeh Chungag ◽

Nandu Goswami

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Urban Children ◽

Urban Settings ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Rural And Urban

Abstract Background: Endothelial dysfunction is known to be an initiator to the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is paucity o knowledge on its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in children. More so, some of these cardiovascular risk factors are known to be influenced by feeding habits and life style changes which often vary between rural and urban settings. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial function in rural and urban children. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 6-9 years old children in randomly selected rural and urban schools of the Eastern Cape Province of South Arica was conducted. General anthropometric indices were measured followed by blood pressure (BP) measurements. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using a Vicorder. Urine sample was collected for the determination of albumin, creatinine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), 8-hydroxy-2deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was calculated.Results: Children from urban settings (10.8%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity than their rural counterparts (8.5%) while the prevalence of elevated/high blood pressure was higher in rural children (23.2%) than in urban children (19.0%). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of PWV. ADMA positively associated with HR in rural girls and showed a weak risk for elevated SBP and MAP. Body mass index (BMI) increased with increasing PWV and predicted endothelial dysfunction. 8-OHdG significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of ADMA and positively correlated with ADMA. Creatinine, albumin and ACR significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing ADMA and ADMA associated positively with creatinine. Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction was associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress and microalbuminuria in children, and this relationship varied between rural and urban children.

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Stakeholder motivation for the conservation of sacred groves in south India: An analysis of environmental perceptions of rural and urban neighbourhood communities

Land Use Policy ◽

10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 ◽

pp. 104213 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

U. Prashanth Ballullaya ◽

K.S. Reshmi ◽

T.P. Rajesh ◽

K. Manoj ◽

Margaret Lowman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Environmental Perceptions ◽

Sacred Groves ◽

Rural And Urban

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Malnutrition among rural and urban children in Lesotho: related hazard and survival probabilities

Health SA Gesondheid ◽

10.4102/hsag.v8i3.139 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Zeleke Worku

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Survival Time ◽

Full Text ◽

Urban Children ◽

Survival Probabilities ◽

Several Variables ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between the survival time of children and several variables that affect the survival and nutritional status of children under the age of five years in the Maseru District of Lesotho was investigated. Opsomming Die verhouding tussen die oorlewingstyd van kinders en verskeie veranderlikes wat die oorlewings- en voedingstatus van kinders onder die ouderdom van vyf jaar affekteer is in die Maseru-distrik in Lesotho nagevors. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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