Leakage evaluation in vitro of two calcium hydroxide and two zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers

Background: The success of the endodontic treatment is largely dependent on the sealing achieved by root canal obturation. The application of sealer fills imperfections and increases adaptation of the root filling to the canal walls. Aim: To evaluate the sealability of experimental nanosealers (nano calcium hydroxide and nano bioactive glass) and to compare it with the commercial zinc oxide eugenol sealer using a dye penetration method. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected. The tooth crowns were removed so as to obtain standardized 15-mm-long root specimens. The root canal was instrumented with Protaper Ni-Ti rotary file and the final file size was up to # F4/.06 (in vitro study). They were then randomly allocated into 3 groups of 20 specimens each (n=20) according to the sealer used for obturation, and all samples were filled with single cone gutta-percha (#40/06) and one of the tested sealers. All teeth were coated with nail polish and then suspended in 2% methylene blue dye for 7 days. Stereo-microscope (x10) was used to evaluate the sealability of newly introduced nanosealers. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test followed by post hoc analysis (P < 0.05). Results: Significant improvement shown by the presented study suggests that nano calcium hydroxide sealer showed significantly less dye leakage than nano bioactive glass sealer and zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the synthesized nano-powder sealers are suitable for use in root canal therapy to prevent leakage. The root canal can be sealed better by using smaller nano-powder particle sizes. In addition, the two groups exhibited significant differences in leakage in comparison with commonly used ZOE sealer.

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Volumetric Assessment of Root Canal Obturation Using 3% Nano-Chitosan Versus Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) and Iodoform-Calcium Hydroxide (Metapex), in Primary Root Canals Shaped with Rotary Versus Manual Methods: A Preliminary In-Vitro Spiral CT Study

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v16i1.1108 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Elahe Babashahi ◽

Maryam Mohmadi Kartalaie ◽

Leila Basir ◽

Vahid Rakhshan4

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Primary Root ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

The Other ◽

Root Canals ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Volumetric Assessment ◽

The Difference

Objectives: In this study, chitosan was introduced and used as a substitute for pulpectomy obturation against conventional materials: zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and iodoform-calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) compounds. Also, efficacies of rotary versus manual instrumentations were compared. Materials and Methods: This preliminary in-vitro study was performed on 152 intact non-resorbed root canals of primary molars divided into rotary (n=78) versus hand-instrumentation (n=74) and also into ZOE (n=53), iodoform-Ca(OH)2 (n=50), and 3% nano-chitosan (n=49). Canals were cleaned/shaped using hand or rotary files. Canal spaces were measured using spiral computed tomography (CT). Canals were then obturated using the three materials. The percentages of obturation volume (POV) were estimated. Rotary and manual instrumentations were compared in terms of canal spaces before and after obturation. Three obturation materials were compared in terms of canal spaces after obturation (α=0.05). Results: Average POVs of materials were 96.54% (ZOE), 97.87% (Metapex), and 74.74% (nano-chitosan; P=0.000). POV of chitosan differed from the other two (P=0.000) but the other two were similar (P=0.896). Average POVs were 91.46% (manual) and 88.51% (rotary); the difference was not significant (P=0.322). Pre-obturation spaces of canals for different methods were 3.89 mm3 (manual) and 3.26 mm3 (rotary); the difference was significant (P=0.013). Two-way ANCOVA showed a significant effect of materials (P=0.000) but not root length (P=0.585) or shaping methods (P=0.362) on POVs. Conclusions: Nano-chitosan showed a considerable success rate but it still needs reformulation as it was weaker than the extremely successful commercial competitors. Rotary instrumentation can provide results similar to hand-filing in terms of POV although it might yield smaller canals.

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An in vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Primary Root Canal Filling Materials

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.37.1.v6305588xw525505 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hegde Sapna ◽

Lala Priti Kamlesh ◽

B Dinesh Rao ◽

AB Shubha

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Fluoride ◽

Root Canal ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Root Canals ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare six different materials commonly used for filling the root canals of primary teeth for antimicrobial efficacy against some of the microorganisms commonly found in infected root canals. Study design: In this experimental in vitro study six root canal filling materials were tested for antimicrobial efficacy against eight microbial strains using the agar diffusion method. Results: Zinc oxide eugenol paste exhibited the strongest antimicrobial potential followed by Endoflas™, zinc oxide-calcium hydroxide-sodium fluoride mixture, zinc oxide-calcium hydroxide mixture and calcium hydroxide paste (Apexcal™). The addition of sodium fluoride to the zinc oxide-calcium hydroxide mixture enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy. Metapex™ demonstrated minimal inhibition and Vaseline™ was non-inhibitory. Conclusions: All the test filling materials demonstrated varying antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested. Zinc oxide eugenol paste and materials containing zinc oxide were found to be more effective against the microorganisms compared to materials without zinc oxide.

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Thermal Diffusion Through Amalgam and Cement Bases: Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Measurements

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/00220345760550032401 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 441-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

V.R. Tibbetts ◽

R.J. Schnell ◽

M.L. Swartz ◽

R.W. Phillips

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Thermal Diffusion ◽

Zinc Phosphate ◽

In Vivo Measurements ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Amalgam Restorations

Under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, bases of zinc oxide-eugenol, calcium hydroxide, and zinc phosphate cement reduced the rate of thermal diffusion through amalgam restorations. Thermal diffusion was slowest in the presence of zinc oxide-eugenol bases, followed by calcium hydroxide and zinc phosphate cement. However, the clinical significance of the differences is not known.

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Marginal Leakage of Endodontic Temporary Restorative Materials around Access Cavities Prepared with Pre-Endodontic Composite Build-Up: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1700

Author(s):

Atsushi Kameyama ◽

Aoi Saito ◽

Akiko Haruyama ◽

Tomoaki Komada ◽

Setsuko Sugiyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Glass Ionomer Cement ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Glass Ionomer ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Ionomer Cement

This study aimed to examine the marginal seal between various commercial temporary restorative materials and exposed dentin/built-up composite. Sixty bovine incisors were cut above the cemento-enamel junction, and half of the dentin was removed to form a step, which was built up using flowable resin composite. The root canals were irrigated, filled with calcium hydroxide, and sealed using one of six temporary sealing materials (hydraulic temporary restorative material, temporary stopping material, zinc oxide eugenol cement, glass-ionomer cement, auto-cured resin-based temporary restorative material, and light-cured resin-based temporary restorative material) (n = 10 for each material). The samples were thermocycled 500 times and immersed in an aqueous solution of methylene blue. After 2 days, they were cut along the long axis of the tooth and the depth of dye penetration was measured at the dentin side and the built-up composite side. For the margins of the pre-endodontic resin composite build-up, the two resin-based temporary restorative materials showed excellent sealing. Hydraulic temporary restorative material had a moderate sealing effect, but the sealing effect of both zinc oxide eugenol cement and glass-ionomer cement was poorer.

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In vitro activity of zinc oxide-eugenol and glass ionomer cements on Candida albicans

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242005000200011 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 134-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna Carolina Aguiar Cassanho ◽

Aletéia Massula Fernandes ◽

Luciane Dias de Oliveira ◽

Claudio Antonio Talge Carvalho ◽

Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Control Group ◽

Glass Ionomer ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Mean Values ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

And Control

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of glass ionomer (GIC) and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) cements against Candida albicans. Standardized GIC and ZOE specimens were maintained in contact with C. albicans suspension (1 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> 10(6) cells/ml) at 37°C for 24 h, 48 h or 7 days. A control group without any testing cement was included. After the incubation period, aliquots of 0.1 ml were plated on Sabouraud's agar, and then the number of colonies was counted. The results were expressed as values of logarithms of colony-forming units per milliliter (log CFU/mL) and were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. After 48 h of incubation, the ZOE group presented no growth of C. albicans. GIC and control groups presented similar mean values at all tested periods. According to the results obtained, it could be concluded that, under the experimental conditions, ZOE cement was more effective in vitro against C. albicans than GIC.

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