97/00215 Improvement of oil yield and catalyst recovery by coal pretreatment and two stage liquefaction using Ni-Mo supported on carbon black

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Catalyst Recovery

Preparation of mesocarbon microbeads from a synthetic Isotropic pitch through two stage heat treatment in the presence of carbon black

Carbon ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1231-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-G. Wang ◽  
Y.-C. Chang ◽  
S. Ishida ◽  
Y. Korai ◽  
I. Mochida
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Mesocarbon Microbeads ◽  
Isotropic Pitch ◽  
Stage Heat Treatment

New Process for Preparing Tire Tread Compounds Having Low Rolling Resistance

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hirakawa ◽  
A. Ahagon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber ◽  
New Process ◽  
Chlorobutyl Rubber ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

Abstract Two-stage mixing when applied to blends of Chlorobutyl Rubber (C1-IIR), Natural Rubber (NR), and Polybutadiene Rubber (BR), can produce tread compounds exhibiting a combination of very low hysteresis, good wet skid resistance, and good abrasion resistance. In the first stage, about half the raw rubber, including all C1-IIR and BR, is mixed with most of the carbon black to form a very high carbon black stock. In the second stage, the first-stage stock is diluted with the remaining NR. Curatives, etc., are added on the mill. Tests on radial tires for automobiles confirm the advantages of the two-stage mixed tri-rubber blend tread compounds.

Remarkable Oil Yield from an Indonesian Subbituminuous Coal in Liquefaction Using NiMo Supported on a Carbon Black under Rapid Stirring

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinya Sakanishi ◽  
Hideki Taniguchi ◽  
Haru-umi Hasuo ◽  
Isao Mochida
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Rapid Stirring

Study on the Effect of the Temperature Rise of Rubber Compound on Tread Rubber Quality during Mixing Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 806-810
Author(s):  
Ke Juan Chen ◽  
Sha Xu ◽  
Da Liang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Internal Mixer

With the method of two-stage mixing, two different tread rubbers have been mixed in internal mixer under the different process conditions. After the experiments, test the temperature rise of rubber compound, mooney viscosity and carbon black disperisity. Study the effect of process condition change on the temperature rise of two kinds of rubber compounds and analyze the relationships between the rubber temperature rise and mooney viscosity, carbon black dispersity. The study finds that the temperature rise of rubber compound has a relationship with the rotor speed of internal mixer, rubber viscosity and filling factors, but when the temperature rise of rubber compound is steady, the carbon black dispersity of rubber compound also can be steady. After two-stage mixing, carbon black dispersity of rubber compounds have been improved obviously. These results also imply that rotor speed of internal mixer and filling factor are very important to carbon black dispersity of rubber compounds.

Optimization of Two-Stage Liquefaction of Tanito Harum Coal with FeNi Catalyst Supported on Carbon Black

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unggul Priyanto ◽  
Kinya Sakanishi ◽  
Osamu Okuma ◽  
S. D. Sumbogo Murti ◽  
Izumi Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Two Stage

A Preparation of High Resolution Standards for Electron Microscopy. Part II

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
David F. Harling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Graphitized Carbon Black ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
Micro Holes

In the previous paper, the author reported on a technique for preparing vapor-deposited single crystal films as high resolution standards for electron microscopy. The present paper is intended to describe the preparation of several high resolution standards for dark field microscopy and also to mention some results obtained from these studies. Three preparations were used initially: 1.) Graphitized carbon black, 2.) Epitaxially grown particles of different metals prepared by vapor deposition, and 3.) Particles grown epitaxially on the edge of micro-holes formed in a gold single crystal film.The authors successfully obtained dark field micrographs demonstrating the 3.4Å lattice spacing of graphitized carbon black and the Au single crystal (111) lattice of 2.35Å. The latter spacing is especially suitable for dark field imaging because of its preparation, as in 3.), above. After the deposited film of Au (001) orientation is prepared at 400°C the substrate temperature is raised, resulting in the formation of many square micro-holes caused by partial evaporation of the Au film.

Extraction and identification of fillers and pigments from pyrolyzed rubber and tire samples

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
P. Sadhukhan ◽  
J. B. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Curing Agents

Rubber stocks, specially tires, are composed of natural rubber and synthetic polymers and also of several compounding ingredients, such as carbon black, silica, zinc oxide etc. These are generally mixed and vulcanized with additional curing agents, mainly organic in nature, to achieve certain “designing properties” including wear, traction, rolling resistance and handling of tires. Considerable importance is, therefore, attached both by the manufacturers and their competitors to be able to extract, identify and characterize various types of fillers and pigments. Several analytical procedures have been in use to extract, preferentially, these fillers and pigments and subsequently identify and characterize them under a transmission electron microscope.Rubber stocks and tire sections are subjected to heat under nitrogen atmosphere to 550°C for one hour and then cooled under nitrogen to remove polymers, leaving behind carbon black, silica and zinc oxide and 650°C to eliminate carbon blacks, leaving only silica and zinc oxide.

Two-stage self-seeding method for preparation of single crystals of poly(phenylene sulfide)

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
Sengshiu Chung ◽  
Peggy Cebe
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Annealing Behavior ◽  
High Performance Polymers ◽  
Seeding Method ◽  
Phenylene Sulfide

We are studying the crystallization and annealing behavior of high performance polymers, like poly(p-pheny1ene sulfide) PPS, and poly-(etheretherketone), PEEK. Our purpose is to determine whether PPS, which is similar in many ways to PEEK, undergoes reorganization during annealing. In an effort to address the issue of reorganization, we are studying solution grown single crystals of PPS as model materials.Observation of solution grown PPS crystals has been reported. Even from dilute solution, embrionic spherulites and aggregates were formed. We observe that these morphologies result when solutions containing uncrystallized polymer are cooled. To obtain samples of uniform single crystals, we have used two-stage self seeding and solution replacement techniques.

364: Two stage "Progressive Elongation of Spermatic Cord" Technique in Criptorchidism with very short Spermatic Vessels

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
Antonio Dessanti ◽  
Diego Falchetti ◽  
Marco Iannuccelli ◽  
Susanna Milianti ◽  
Gian P. Strusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Two Stage
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