Detection of episomal banana streak badnavirus by IC-PCR

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Harper ◽  
Ganesh Dahal ◽  
George Thottappilly ◽  
R. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Banana Streak Badnavirus

scholarly journals Integration of Banana Streak Badnavirus into theMusaGenome: Molecular and Cytogenetic Evidence

Virology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Harper ◽  
Julian O. Osuji ◽  
J.S.(Pat) Heslop-Harrison ◽  
Roger Hull
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Evidence ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus

scholarly journals First Outbreak of Banana Streak Badnavirus Infection in Commercial Export Bananas in Costa Rica

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1152-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pasberg-Gauhl ◽  
B. E. Lockhart ◽  
S. Duran
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mild Mosaic ◽  
Mild Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Necrosis ◽  
Internal Necrosis ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus

Banana streak badnavirus (BSV) is the most widely occurring virus in banana and plantain (1) but has not been reported to be a significant problem in commercial export bananas. In early 1999, the first severe outbreak of BSV infection in commercial export bananas (Musa AAA cv. Grand Nain) was recorded at Siquirres on the Atlantic coast of Costa Rica. Disease incidence in the plantation was 60% and symptoms included foliar chlorotic streaks, stunting of plants, splitting and internal necrosis of pseudostems and fruits, cigar leaf necrosis, and bunch emergence through the pseudostem. Diseased plants within a 0.8 ha area were eliminated to prevent possible further spread of the disease. The presence of BSV in diseased plants was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunosorbent electron microscopy (1). Cucumber mosaic virus and Banana mild mosaic virus, which also occur in banana and plantain in Latin America (2), were not detected in the plants tested. Other recent accounts of BSV occurrence in commercial banana plantations in South America (our unpublished results) suggest that BSV occurrence in export bananas may be more significant than previously thought. References: (1) F. Gauhl et al. Int. J. Pest Management 45:167, 1991. (2) D. R. Jones, ed. 1999. Diseases of Banana, Abacá and Enset. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, U.K.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Symptom Expression and Reliability of Banana Streak Badnavirus Detection in Naturally Infected Plantain and Banana (Musa spp.)

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Dahal ◽  
J. d'A. Hughes ◽  
G. Thottappilly ◽  
B. E. L. Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus

The effect of temperature on symptom expression and detection of banana streak badnavirus (BSV) by immunosorbent electronmicroscopy (ISEM) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of 12 in vitro-propagated plantain hybrids (genome AAB × AA), 3 ABB cooking banana, and 3 AAB plantain landraces was studied. Experiments were done for 2 years under two temperature regimes, 28 to 35°C in a screenhouse and 22°C in a temperature-controlled room. Most BSV-infected plants of plantain hybrids expressed symptoms under both conditions. Symptom expression was enhanced when plants were continuously grown at 22°C, but later became indiscernible when plants were continuously grown at 28 to 35°C. Plants grown at 22°C and showing severe symptoms contained significantly higher virus titer than plants grown at 28 to 35°C. When asymptomatic plants with very low virus titer at 28 to 35°C were transferred back to 22°C, there was a significant increase in both symptom severity and concentration of virus (greater than 3 to 5 times) in leaf tissues after 9 months. In contrast, the concentration of virus and symptom severity decreased in plants after transfer from 22°C to 28 to 35°C. Micropropagated plants of AAB plantain landrace cv. Mimi Abue and ABB cooking bananas (cvs. Bluggoe, Cardaba, and Pelipita) did not express visible symptoms under either temperature regime, but BSV was detected by ISEM in 23% of the plants. After 2 years at 22°C, virus was detected in 64% of the plants, but the concentration of virus remained low. Implications of these results on quarantine screening of in vitro plants and virus diagnosis are discussed.

Evaluation of micropropagated plantain and banana (Musa spp.) for banana streak badnavirus incidence under field and screenhouse conditions in Nigeria

1999 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. DAHAL ◽  
F. GAUHL ◽  
C. PASBERG-GAUHL ◽  
J d'A HUGHES ◽  
G. THOTTAPPILLY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musa Spp ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus

scholarly journals Banana Streak Badnavirus and Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus in Farmers' Fields in Zanzibar

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Vuylsteke ◽  
J. d'A. Hughes ◽  
K. Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
First Report ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Cavendish Banana ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus ◽  
Viruslike Particles ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Symptoms resembling those of viral leaf streak disease, caused by banana streak badnavirus (BSV), were observed in May 1998 on two banana (Musa spp.) landraces grown from farmer-collected propagules in a farmer's field at Kiboje Uchukuni, Zanzibar. Those showing symptoms were “French plantain” cv. Mzuzu and “Cavendish” banana cv. Mtwike. Leaf symptoms were expressed as chlorotic streaks and blotches. Leaf samples were indexed by immunosorbent electron microscopy with BSV and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) antibodies, using partially purified preparations (2). The two landraces tested positive for BSV, corroborating the occurrence of BSV in Zanzibar. In addition, cv. Mtwike was found to be coinfected with CMV. No other viruslike particles were seen by electron microscopy. Although BSV has been reported in Zanzibar (1), it was only from symptoms in the Musa field genebank at Kizimbani Research Station. BSV has been found in many Musa collections worldwide, particularly in the widely grown cv. Mysore. This report confirms the presence of BSV in farmers' fields and is also the first report of CMV infecting banana in Zanzibar. References: (1) A. J. Dabek and J. M. Waller. Trop. Pest Management 36:157, 1990. (2) M. Diekmann and C. A. J. Putter. Musa spp. FAO/IPGRI Technical Guidelines for the Safe Movement of Germplasm No. 15. FAO/IPGRI, Rome, Italy, 1996.

scholarly journals Banana Die-Back Virus - a New Virus Infecting Banana in Nigeria

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. d'A. Hughes ◽  
P. R. Speijer ◽  
O. Olatunde
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Banana Bunchy Top Virus ◽  
Leaf Necrosis ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Banana Streak Badnavirus ◽  
Antiserum Titer

Two viruses naturally infect Musa in Nigeria: banana streak badnavirus (BSV) and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV). During a recent field survey at Ibadan (Nigeria), some severely stunted banana plants (cv. Valery) were found that tested negative for CMV, banana bunchy-top virus, and BSV. The plants had symptoms of leaf crinkling, leaf necrosis, and cigar-leaf die-back. Subsequent suckers from the same mats were progressively more stunted. A 28- to 30-nm isometric virus was purified, and used for the production of antibodies, from the affected plants with (NH4)2SO4 to precipitate the virus. The antiserum (titer of 1:10,000) was used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunosorbent electron microscopy to detect the virus. Mechanical inoculation with partially purified virus preparations resulted in stunting and development of pinpoint chlorotic lesions on Vigna unguiculata TVu-76 and symptomless systemic infection of Nicotiana occidentalis. The virus was not mechanically transmissible from N. occidentalis to banana. A serological relationship between this virus, banana die-back virus (BDBV), and tobacco ringspot, tomato ringspot, and cacao necrosis nepoviruses was found. The nematode species around the affected banana plants were isolated: Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Cobb) Golden was the dominant species, low numbers of H. dihystera (Cobb) Sher were present, but no virustransmitting nematodes were found in soil or banana roots. Further studies are needed to determine the mode of spread of BDBV, the implications for banana/plantain production in sub-Saharan Africa, and the safe international movement of germplasm.

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