Comparison of Sinus Computed Tomography Staging Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Metson ◽  
Richard E. Gliklich ◽  
James A. Stankiewicz ◽  
David W. Kennedy ◽  
James A. Duncavage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Paranasal Sinus Disease

In an attempt to establish a standardized rating system for CT of the paranasal sinuses, the Committee on Rhinology and Paranasal Sinus Disease of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery instituted a protocol for the review of sinus CT scans at six international sites. Fifty identical scans were rated by four otolaryngologists at each site according to five established sinus CT staging systems. Twenty of 24 reviewers repeated the rating session at least 1 week later to determine intrarater variability. The number of CT scans that could not be classified by a particular rating system ranged from 1.3% to 5.5%. The range of intrarater agreement (κ = 0.39 to 0.74) exceeded that of inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.18 to 0.49). A skewed distribution of CT scans resulted in a system with high rater agreement but poor ability to differentiate among disease states. The use of a numeric rating system to assign a score to each scan produced a comprehensive and disease-sensitive system, but one with low rater agreement. A precise definition of mucosal thickening in terms of millimeters appeared to enhance the raters' ability to assign stage and improve a system's comprehensiveness and reproducibility. On the basis of these findings, recommendations are made for the use of CT rating systems to study clinical outcomes in patients with chronic sinusitis.

A Comparison of Sinus Computed Tomography (CT) Staging Systems for Outcomes Research

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Gliklich ◽  
Ralph Metson
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Outcomes Research ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ct Classification

The success of outcomes research for sinus disease will depend in part on the utilization of a computed tomography (CT) staging system that meets rigorous statistical criteria. Such a staging system must demonstrate an even distribution of population by scale, a high inter-rater and intra-rater agreement, and a low percentage of unclassifiable scans. Four proposed sinus CT classification systems were evaluated for these parameters. Each system was used by four masked raters to rate 42 consecutive preoperative CT scans on two separate occasions. One of these systems is based on the site of disease rather than the degree of sinus opacification and gives a clear definition of sinus disease (2 mm or greater of mucosal thickening). This system had the highest inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.61, range = 0.38 to 0.61) and the lowest percentage of unclassifiable scans (0.6%, range = 0.6 to 14.2%). The statistical attributes of this particular sinus CT staging system support its use for outcomes research in sinus disease.

scholarly journals Estidama and the Pearl Rating System: A Comprehensive Review and Alignment with LCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5041
Author(s):  
Ayyagari Ramani ◽  
Borja García de Soto
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
System A ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Multiple sustainability standards and rating systems have been developed to draw attention to constructing sustainable buildings. The Pearl Rating System (PRS) is a mandate for all new construction projects in Abu Dhabi. Hence, it is important to understand the main components, advantages, and limitations of the PRS. The feasibility and the practical relevance of the PRS are still being studied. This paper addresses this gap and critically evaluates the PRS against some of the well-established rating systems like LEED and BREEAM. The analysis suggests that the PRS considers the cultural aspect of sustainability, in addition to the environmental, societal, and economic aspects. It was also found that most rating systems, including the PRS, have a very superficial inclusion of life cycle assessment (LCA). The paper finally concludes with other observations and outlook for a more robust implementation of the PRS.

scholarly journals Inter‐rater agreement and reliability of outcome measurement instruments and staging systems used in hidradenitis suppurativa

2019 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Thorlacius ◽  
A. Garg ◽  
P.T. Riis ◽  
S.M. Nielsen ◽  
V. Bettoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Staging Systems

scholarly journals Designing Informative Rating Systems: Evidence from an Online Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Garg ◽  
Ramesh Johari
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Online Labor

Problem definition: Platforms critically rely on rating systems to learn the quality of market participants. In practice, however, ratings are often highly inflated and therefore, not very informative. In this paper, we first investigate whether the platform can obtain less inflated, more informative ratings by altering the meaning and relative importance of the levels in the rating system. Second, we seek a principled approach for the platform to make these choices in the design of the rating system. Academic/practical relevance: Platforms critically rely on rating systems to learn the quality of market participants, and so, ensuring these ratings are informative is of first-order importance. Methodology: We analyze the results of a randomized, controlled trial on an online labor market in which an additional question was added to the feedback form. Between treatment conditions, we vary the question phrasing and answer choices; in particular, the treatment conditions include several positive-skewed verbal rating scales with descriptive phrases or adjectives providing specific interpretation for each rating level. We then develop a model-based framework to compare and select among rating system designs and apply this framework to the data obtained from the online labor market test. Results: Our test reveals that current inflationary norms can be countered by reanchoring the meaning of the levels of the rating system. In particular, positive-skewed verbal rating scales yield substantially deflated rating distributions that are much more informative about seller quality. Further, we demonstrate that our model-based framework for scale design and optimization can identify the most informative rating system and substantially improve the quality of information obtained over baseline designs. Managerial implications: Our study illustrates that practical, informative rating systems can be designed and demonstrates how to compare and design them in a principled manner.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUSTAINABILITY RATING SYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatobi Oluwalaiye ◽  
Mehmet E. Ozbek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
New York State ◽  
Triple Bottom Line ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Transportation Sustainability

The construction industry contributes a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. This highlights the need for this industry to implement sustainable practices to mitigate its negative effects. Sustainability in the construction industry involves considering project development in terms of economic, social, and environmental aspects (triple bottom line). In the transportation sector of the construction industry, several transportation sustainability rating systems (TSRS) have been developed to measure and promote sustainability. However, studies show that these TSRS have not been developed within a consistent “sustainability scope”. This raises the question of the consistency of these TSRS in measuring sustainability of transportation projects. This study assesses three prominent TSRS to determine how each measures sustainability with respect to the triple bottom line. The TSRS that are in the scope of this study are: (i) Envision-a third-party rating system, (ii) INVEST-a self-assessed rating and, (iii) GreenLITES-an in-house developed self-assessed rating system for the New York State DOT. Results show that while these three rating systems provide different levels of credits/points with respect to the triple bottom line, they all place the highest focus on the environmental aspect.

Definitions, classification, epidemiology, and risk factors of acute kidney injury

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. J. Hoste ◽  
John A. Kellum ◽  
Norbert Lameire
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury Network ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Binary Descriptor ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Definition Of

The lack of a precise biochemical definition of acute kidney injury (AKI) resulted in at least 35 definitions in the medical literature, which gave rise to a wide variation in reported incidence and clinical significance of AKI, impeded a meaningful comparison of studies.The first part of this chapter describes and discusses different definitions and classification systems of AKI. Patient outcome and the need for renal replacement therapy are directly related to the severity of AKI, an observation that supports the use of a categorical staging system rather than a simple binary descriptor. The severity of AKI is commonly characterized using the relative changes in serum creatinine and urine output. Recently introduced staging systems including the RIFLE classification and the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) use these relatively simple and readily available parameters allowing the assignment of individual patients to different AKI stages. More recently, a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) workgroup developed a consensus-based AKI staging system drawing elements of both RIFLE and AKIN. The potential pitfalls and limitations of the proposed definitions and classifications are briefly described.The second part of the chapter describes the epidemiology of AKI in different clinical settings; the intensive care unit (ICU), the hospitalized population, and the community. The different spectrum of AKI in the emerging countries is discussed and the most important causes and aetiologies of the major clinical types of AKI, prerenal, renal, and post-renal are summarized in table form. Finally the patient survival and renal functional outcome of AKI are briefly discussed

scholarly journals P-0272 The Accuracy and Inter-Rater Agreement of Preoperative CT Scans in the Prediction of Right Colonic Cancer Pathology

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. iv109
Author(s):  
Michael Lim ◽  
Zeiad Hussain ◽  
Daniel Petty ◽  
James Haselden ◽  
Mohamed Toeima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Cancer ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Cancer Pathology ◽  
Preoperative Ct

scholarly journals The Rating Game: The Discipline of Uber’s User-Generated Ratings

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Ngai Keung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Depth Interviews

On-demand labor platforms are built around user-generated rating systems that entail consumers’ monitoring of workers as a tool for algorithmic labor management. The user-generated ratings can directly determine workers’ employability. Workers are thus under pressure to score well, though they may lack knowledge about the performance metrics. Using in-depth interviews with Uber drivers, this article examines how Uber’s rating system as an engine of anxiety shapes drivers’ work practices through processes of surveillance and normalization. Specifically, drivers are prompted to play the rating game, a game that pressures them toward the normalization of platform surveillance and self-discipline for maximizing their ratings. The internalization of ratings is channeled through drivers’ reactive practices in the rating game—that is, drivers’ modification of their behavior in response to being evaluated and monitored. This article considers the socio-technical conditions under which drivers are subject to the platform surveillance and disciplinary power.

Adaptation of international sustainability rating tools to Bahrain

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fay Abdulla Al Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Evaluation Instruments

Purpose The damage humans caused to the environment post the industrial revolution fostered developing sustainability-rating systems – a number of evaluation instruments that focus on various factors to evaluate buildings and small-scale urban developments. Nevertheless, no buildings are certified in Bahrain, the environmentally challenged country in the Arabian Gulf. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses 11 sustainability-rating systems: LEED, Green Globes, BREEAM, DGNB, SBTool, WELL, CASBEE, Green Star, HQE, GSAS and the Pearl Rating System (PRS). These were selected because of their international applicability, popularity and importance. The study adopts a system of criteria using a comparative review and cross-comparisons to draw conclusions on the compliance of the selected systems to the Bahraini context and assesses the need and importance of a customised sustainability-rating tool. Findings The study concluded that LEED is the most comprehensive, international and versatile sustainability-rating system. It is also the most popular. Nevertheless, the PRS is the most relevant to the Bahraini context and is the easiest to access. Originality/value This paper provides a deep understanding of sustainability-rating tools and introduces a methodology of comparison that can be used as a reference when choosing between tools.

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