P29.33 MSSA blood stream infection – MRSA's evil twin!: a review of the epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes among hospitalised patients with MSSA/MRSA BSI

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. S88
Author(s):  
M. Przybylo ◽  
M. Lau ◽  
M. Qulaghassi ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
J. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Hospitalised Patients

scholarly journals Evaluation of Specific Risk Factors and Outcomes of Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre - An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Prakash Shastri ◽  
Shamanth A Shankarnarayan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Background: Incidence of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pnumoniae infections are increasing globally especially in ICUs. Aim: We evaluated the burden of colistin resistant K. pneumoniae (ColR KP) and the risk factors associated with the outcome of these patients. Methods: Consecutive patients developing K. pneumoniae infections were included. K. pneumoniae from endotracheal tube and catheterized urine sample, having cell count <105 cfu/ml, and which did not necessitate a change in antibiotics as per the treating physicians was considered as colonizer. Demographic and clinical details were collected and samples were processed as per standard protocol. Any growth was identified and its antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by using Vitek 2 automated system. Minimum inhibitory concentration of >4 μg/ml for Colistin was considered as resistant. The resistant isolates were confirmed with Broth microdilution method. Risk factor associated with the outcome of ColR KP was analyzed. Findings: Burden of K. pneumoniae infection was 50.02 per 1000 admissions. K. pneumonie (n=155) was isolated from patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (84, 54.2%), followed by blood stream infection (49, 31.6%) and urinary tract infection (22, 14.2%). ColR KP and intermediate (ColI KP) isolates were 58 (37.41%) and 97 (62.6%) respectively. Among ColR KP infected patients 32 (55.1%) died whereas 26 (44.8%) patients were discharged. Higher mortality was witnessed in ColI KP cases (75, 77.3%) compared to ColR-KP cases (32, 55.1%) (p=0.004; OR=2.77; 95% CI=1.37 to 5.59). Colistin resistance and presence of central line were independently associated with mortality. Conclusion: Colistin resistant K. pneumoniae infections among ICU patients are on rise. Presence of central venous catheter and resistance to colistin were independent predictors of mortality.

scholarly journals Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Infection in a Teaching Hospital of Central Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Arun Sedhain ◽  
Abja Sapkota ◽  
Narayan B Mahotra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Catheter Related Infection ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: Infection of the central venous catheter (CVC) is a major complication seen among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Identifying CVC related infection (CRI) and its risk factors and causative organisms is important for better implementation of preventive strategies. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College for duration of 2 years from January 2017to December 2018 among the patients undergoing hemodialysis via CVC. The data collected were related to patients’ demographics, site of catheter insertion, and duration, microbiological data including cultures from catheter sites, blood, and catheters’ tips and antibiotic sensitivity. Catheter related infection was divided into catheter related local infection (CRLI) and catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI). Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0. Results: A total of 41 cases of CVC related infection (CRI) were documented with an incidence rate of 6.94 episodes per 1000 catheter days at risk. Out of the total CRI, 39.02% were CRLI and 60.98% were CRBSI. Fever with chills and rigor were the most common clinical presentation. Risk factors for the development of CRI were duration of catheter in situ, repeated change of CVC and the use of CVC for indications other than hemodialysis (HD).Staphylococci and Klebsiella were the most common organisms isolated in culture. Conclusion: The rate of CRI among Nepalese patients undergoing hemodialysis is high. Prolonged duration of CVC usage, recent change of catheter and the use of the HD catheter for the purpose of institution of intravenous medication have been found as the risk factors for CRI.

scholarly journals Peripheral venous catheter related blood stream infection in intensive care unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Dalai ◽  
Sanghamitra Padhi ◽  
Abhishek Padhi ◽  
Banojini Parida
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
Microbial Profile

Background: Peripheral venous catheter related blood stream infections (PVC-BSI) are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals. Most of the catheter related blood stream infections occurs due to lack of proper aseptic measures. This study points out the risk factors microbial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates associated with PVC-BSI. The common organisms causing Catheter related BSI are Staphylococcus aureus (41.1%), and Klebsiella species (17.6%) followed by CONS and Enterococcus species. Objective of present study was to isolate and identify the organisms causing PCV-BSI, perform antimicrobial sensitivity testing of isolated organisms and to identify the associated risk factors and preventive measures that should be used.Methods: The study was conducted over a period of one year from August 2015 to July 2016 in the Department of Microbiology. Study group comprised of all the patients with peripheral venous catheterization who developed signs and symptoms of septicemia after 48 hrs of insertion of PVC. These patients were followed up from the time of catheterization till discharge. Peripheral venous catheter tip was collected under aseptic condition along with peripheral blood samples from a site other than the catheterized one. Samples were collected from patients at any point of time who developed signs and symptoms of septicemia after 48 hrs of catheter insertion. The length of time for which the PVC was in place was recorded.Results: In total, 87 cases were included in the study with mean catheter duration of 4.8 days accounting for 418 catheter days. Out of these 87 cases, 17 cases developed PVC-BSI (19.5%) and 34 cases developed colonization (24.1%). Staphylococcus species (41.1%) was the most common isolate.Conclusions: PVC-BSI has a significant role in hospital acquired infections and more studies are needed to establish this.

scholarly journals Incidence and Determinants of Health Care Associated Blood Stream Infection at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Ujjain, India: A Prospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Dhaneria ◽  
Sachin Jain ◽  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Aditya Mathur ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Causative Agents

Very little is known about healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in resource-limited settings including, India. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence, onset, risk factors and causative agents of laboratory confirmed blood stream (LBCI) as a HAI in a level-2 NICU at RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India. The diagnosis of HAI was established using the Centre for Disease Control, USA criteria. A predesigned questionnaire containing risk factors associated with BSHAI was filled. A total of 150 neonates (43% preterm) were included in the study. The incidence of LBCI was 31%; 56% of which was late onset sepsis. The independent risk factors for LBCI were: preterm (Odds Ratio OR 3.22), duration of NICU stay more than 14 days (OR 2.38), chorioamnionitis in the mother (OR 18.48), neonate born through meconium stained amniotic fluid (OR 4.53), mal-presentation (OR 10.58), endotracheal intubation (OR 11.60), umbilical catheterization (OR 15.11), HAI due to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) (OR 11.88). Initiation of minimal enteral nutrition was protective (OR 0.15). The predominant causative organisms were Gram-negative pathogens (58%). Among Klebsiella spp. and E. coli isolates, 73 and 80%, respectively were identified as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers. The results can be used to identify high-risk neonates for LBCI.

scholarly journals Study of sepsis and its markers in renal failure patients on hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Dubey ◽  
Sanjay Varma ◽  
Bhuwan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
P Value ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rule Out

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease have impaired immunity due to disease per se and because of immunosuppressant treatment used for their disease. Catheters used for hemodialysis acts as conduit for microorganisms to cause infections. This leads to increase in morbidity and mortality.Methods: 100 patients of renal failure requiring hemodialysis were selected. Relevant pathological and radiological investigation done to rule out already existing infection, later on tests were repeated after catheter insertion and hemodialysis to check for infection and sepsis. Using appropriate statistical analysis was done and p value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Out of 100 patients underwent study, 15 developed catheter related blood stream infection. Older age, history of diabetes, male sex, diabetes, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperphosphatemia, prolonged duration of hemodialysis and site of hemodialysis catheter were found to be risk factor for infection.Conclusions: Patients requiring hemodialysis, who are having non modifiable risk factors like age, sex other risk factors for infection should be controlled to reduce incidence of infection. 

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