Clomipramine treatment in neonatal rats alters the brain acetylcholinesterase activity in adulthood

2002 ◽  
Vol 330 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Mavanji ◽  
Subimal Datta
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Clomipramine Treatment ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Effect of ovariectomy and estrogen supplementation on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and passive-avoidance learning in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitava Das ◽  
Madhu Dikshit ◽  
Shoba R Srivastava ◽  
Umesh K Srivastava ◽  
Chandishwar Nath
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Estradiol Dipropionate ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

The effect of ovariectomy and estrogen treatment on the brain acetylcholinesterase activity and cognition in rats was investigated in this study. Ovariectomized and nonovariectomized rats were treated subcutaneously with estradiol dipropionate for 8 d. In the single-trial, passive-avoidance test all the groups showed significant learning and retention of memory as evident by the increase in transfer latency time in trial 2 as compared with trial 1. No-transfer response was significantly increased in the estradiol-dipropionate-treated ovariectomized (80%) and nonovariectomized (60%) group as compared with the ovariectomized (30%) group. Specific activity of acetylcholinesterase was assayed spectrophotometrically in salt-soluble and detergent-soluble fractions of various brain areas: frontal cortex, cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus, thalamus, pons, medulla, and cerebellum. The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol dipropionate was varied in both fractions of these brain areas. Estradiol dipropionate treatment could restore the acetylcholinesterase activity to the control level only in the detergent-soluble fraction of hypothalamus and salt-soluble fraction of hypothalamus, thalamus, and medulla in ovariectomized rats. The results indicate that ovariectomy alters acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain areas but not in a uniform manner and affects only qualitative aspects of cognitive function, which could be improved by estrogen supplementation.Key words: ovariectomy, brain acetylcholinesterase, passive avoidance.

The Effect of Galactose Metabolic Disorders on Rat Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 852-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stylianos Tsakiris ◽  
Kleopatra H. Schulpis
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Classical Galactosemia ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Brain Ache ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Abstract To evaluate whether in classical galactosemia galactose (Gal), galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) and galactitol (Galtol) affect brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, various concentrations (1-16 mм) of these compounds were preincubated with brain homogenates of suckling rats as well as with pure eel Electroforus electricus AChE at 37 °C for 1 h. Initially, Galtol (up to 2.0 mм) increased (25%) AChE activity which decreased, thereafter, reaching the control value in high Galtol concentrations. Gal-1-P decreased gradually the enzyme activity reaching a plateau (38%), when incubated with 8-16 mM. However, when the usually found 2 mм of Galtol and 2 mм of Gal-1-P. concentrations in galactosemia were added in the incubation mixture simultaneously, brain AChE was stimulated (16%). Galtol or Gal-1-P modulated brain AChE as well as enzyme activity of E.electricus in the same way. Gal, Glucose (Glu) and glucose-1-phosphate (Glu-1-P) had no effect on AChE activity. It is suggested that Galtol as well as Gal-1-P can affect acetylcholine degradation acting directly on AChE molecule. Consequently the direct action of these substances on the enzyme might explain the brain cholinergic dysfunction in untreated galactosemia patients.

scholarly journals Effect of methyl parathion on the muscle and brain acetylcholinesterase activity of matrinxã (Brycon cephalus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Cristina de Almeida ◽  
Lúcia Helena Aguiar ◽  
Gilberto Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fast Growth Rate ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Farming of the freshwater fish is emerging in Brazil and many species from the wild are promising. The teleost matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) holds several characteristics such as fast growth rate, high commercial value and adaptability to artificial raring conditions, which make it a promising species for commerce. The use of pesticides in aquatic environment is frequent in Brazil, and methyl parathion is very common in aquaculture. We have determined the enzymatic activity of acetyl cholinesterase in white muscle and brain of matrinxã exposed to 2ppm of environmental methyl parathion for 24 hours. There was 64% and 69% of acetyl cholinesterase inhibition in muscle and brain respectively. These activities were not recovered after 8 days from exposure to this pesticide. It can be concluded that acetyl cholinesterase from those tissues was inhibited by small amounts of methyl parathion, and the main effect was observed in the brain.

scholarly journals Antiamnesic Activity of an Ayurvedic Formulation Chyawanprash in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milind Parle ◽  
Nitin Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Memory Models ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Chyawanprash (Chy) is an ayurvedic formulation commonly consumed in Indian households. Chy is a comprehensive herbal tonic, prepared from around 50 herbs employing anwala (Emblica officinalis) as the basic ingredient. The present study was undertaken to explore the beneficial effects of Chy (at the dose of 1 and 2% w/w of diet) administered daily for 15 successive days in mice with memory deficits. A total of 228 mice divided in 38 groups were employed in this study. Morris water maze, Hebb-Williams maze and elevated plus maze served as exteroceptive memory models, whereas scopolamine (Sco)-induced amnesia and alprazolam (Alp)-induced amnesia served as interoceptive memory models. The brain acetylcholinesterase activity, brain thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione levels (GSH) were also estimated. The administration of Chy for 15 consecutive days significantly protected the animals from developing memory impairment. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in brain TBARS and increase in GSH levels after administration of Chy (2% w/w), thereby indicating decreased free radical generation and increased scavenging of free radical, respectively. Thus, Chy may prove to be a useful remedy for the management of Alzheimer’s disease owing to its antioxidant effect, pro-cholinergic action and/or antiamnesic potential.

Brain acetylcholinesterase activity in Wistar rats subacutely exposed to low doses of Pb

2021 ◽  
Vol 350 ◽  
pp. S175
Author(s):  
D. Javorac ◽  
N. Jevtić ◽  
E. Antonijević ◽  
A. Buha Djordjević ◽  
M. Anđelković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Clinical significance of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 718-721
Author(s):  
Larisa Mikhailovna Obukhova ◽  
I. A. Medyanik ◽  
K. N. Kontorshchikova ◽  
S. A. Simagina ◽  
L. T. Musaelyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Brain

It has been established that the non-neuronal cholinergic system is related to the oncogenesis which increases the attractiveness of its components as the promising markers of oncologic diseases. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the clinical significance of the analysis of the activity of acetyl cholinesterase as a new marker of gliomas. The activity of acetyl cholinesterase was assessed by photo colorimetric analysis according to the Hestrin method recalculating the activity of the enzyme in the tumor tissue per 1 g of protein, and in the blood - by 0.1 g of hemoglobin. The data obtained in the primary tumors of the brain (28) in the tissue of the brain of persons who died as a result of injury (6) and in whole blood of patients with gliomas (28) and practically healthy people (10) were compared with the use of a number of statistical programs. A significant decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in tumor tissue and in whole blood is revealed as the degree of anaplasia of tumors increases, starting with Grade II. It is for the first time that a significant direct correlation was noted showing the consistency between the decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in the tumor tissue of the brain and blood. Bioinformatic analysis showed the connection of the enzyme of acetyl cholinesterase with proteins of the PI3K-AKT and Notch signaling pathways providing antiapoptotic and proliferative effects. The found dependences provide new insights into understanding of the mechanisms of gliomas genesis and can be used for selection of new diagnostic markers of brain tumors.

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