In vitro toxicity of magnetic fluids evaluated for macrophage cell lines

2002 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 403-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Sestier ◽  
Z.G.M Lacava ◽  
L.M Lacava ◽  
M.F Da Silva ◽  
R.B Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Magnetic Fluids ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Macrophage Cell

Protein Precipitation In Vitro as a Measure of Chemical-induced Cytotoxicity: An EDIT Sub-programme

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-324
Author(s):  
Apolonia Novillo ◽  
Barbro Ekwall ◽  
Argelia Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Protein Precipitation ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Human Cell Lines ◽  
Response Curves

As a priority area of the Evaluation-Guided Development of In Vitro Toxicity and Toxicokinetic Tests (EDIT) programme, an in vitro protein precipitation (PP) assay was used on the 50 reference chemicals of the Multicentre Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) project, to confirm and extend the MEIC results. Dose–response curves were generated for only 30 of the chemicals, and the concentrations causing 10% (EC10) and 50% (EC50) protein precipitation versus the positive control were chosen as endpoints. The number of chemicals with a positive response increased to 46 when a new endpoint, the minimum effect concentration (MEC) that induces protein precipitation with respect to the negative control, was used. When the results were correlated with in vitro cytotoxicity in human cell lines, a similarly good correlation was found between the various endpoints of the PP assay at 5 hours and the 24-hour IC50 average cytotoxicity in human cell lines, even though the number of chemicals included in the correlation was larger for the MEC. Using the prediction error, the endpoint that gave the best correlation between the PP assay and human cell cytotoxicity was once more found to be the 5-hour MEC, and this was chosen for the PP assay. The sensitivity of the PP assay is lower than that of the in vitro cell-line cytotoxicity assay, possibly due to its shorter exposure period and because precipitation is the ultimate event in the sequence of a protein disturbance. It is expected that earlier denaturation steps would give better sensitivity. However, this simple, inexpensive and rapid assay could be useful in the early stages of testing chemicals.

scholarly journals Label-free in vitro toxicity and uptake assessment of citrate stabilised gold nanoparticles in three cell lines

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A Vetten ◽  
Nonhlanhla Tlotleng ◽  
Delia Tanner Rascher ◽  
Amanda Skepu ◽  
Frankline K Keter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Label Free

Evaluation of a nonbiologic nanoparticle form of paclitaxel in metastatic pancreatic cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15076-e15076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouros Motamed ◽  
Larn Hwang ◽  
Chao Hsiao ◽  
Vuong N. Trieu
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Pancreatic Cell ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

e15076 Background: The (nab-Pac)/Gemcitabine (Gem) combination has recently been shown to impart a significant survival advantage over Gem alone in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. The goal of this study was to define a non-biologic, nanoparticle paclitaxel (NBN-Pac) which has a similar toxicity profile and utilizes the same albumin-mediated transport mechanism. Herein, we report in vitro, preclinical and phase I clinical results for this NBN-Pac in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods: In vitro drug cytotoxicity was measured as mean IC50 values following a 72-h exposure in four pancreatic cell lines (MIA Paca-2 and Capan-1 and multi-drug resistant cell lines PANC-1 and ASPC-1). In vivo anti-tumor activities were assessed in xenografted MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 models in nude mice treated with three i.v. doses of NBN-Pac (20, 50 mg/kg) and Taxol (20 mg/kg) on days 0, 3, and 6 (q3dx3), and twelve i.v. doses of Gem (140 mg/kg) on every 3 days (q3dx12). A phase I clinical trial (N=18) was conducted to determine the MTD and the recommended phase II dose of the combination therapy with NBN-Pac (220-300 mg/m2, q3w) and Gem (1250 mg/m2) as primary endpoints in first line treatment of subjects with advanced pancreatic cancer. Reduction in the plasma levels of CA19-9 was measured as a PD biomarker. Results: The mean IC50 value of NBN-Pac in four pancreatic cell lines was approximately 30-fold lower than that of Gem. NBN-Pac formulation (50 mg/kg) produced superior anti-tumor activity in the two xenograft models tested over Taxol and Gem at clinically equivalent doses. Our phase I trial established the MTD of this NBN-Pac formulation as 300mg/m2. Moreover, 5 out of 16 subjects (31.3%) were CR or PR with 95% exact confidence interval of (11.0%, 58.7%). The median PFS time was 5.6 month (95% C.I = 2.9). The median OS time could not be estimated as the survival rate did not fall below 50%. Other safety variables revealed no significant abnormality that may have affected the result of the study. Conclusions: NBN-Paclitaxel formulation has superior anti-tumor activity vs. Taxol and Gem in in vitro toxicity assays, preclinical models of pancreatic cancer, as well in a phase I clinical study in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization of blue fluorescent carbon nanoparticle and its in-vitro toxicity evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1442-1449
Author(s):  
K.S. Kumar ◽  
◽  
P.K. Gayathri ◽  
H. Khandelwal ◽  
K.K. Prashanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Cytotoxic Studies

Aim: The present study aimed to synthesize and characterize carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) from a new precursor and to evaluate its effect on the viability of healthy seeds and cell lines. Methodology: The CNPs were synthesized by acid assisted carbonization of carbohydrate and its characteristics such as size, fluorescence property and purity of samples were evaluated for confirmation. Cytotoxic studies were performed in MCF 10a cell lines using 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay whereas the phytotoxic assay was conducted by using scallions and Indian pearl millet. Results: Transmission electron microscope (TEM) results showed that nano-sized CNPs [10-40 nm] were synthesized and its characteristic peaks were observed in Ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence spectrum. The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis confirmed the presence of carbon and oxygen without any impurities. It was non-cytotoxic for healthy MCF 10a cell lines and did not affect the germination rate of Indian pearl millets at higher concentrations. In both toxicity studies, the viability of cells and plants was >95% even after exposure to a high concentration of CNPs. Interpretation: The non-cytotoxic and non-phytotoxic nature of CNPs implies that it does not affect the growth of plants, seedling germination and healthy cell lines. It can be considered as a compatible and safe material for MCF 10a cell lines and plants.

In-vitro toxicity of Ukrain against human Ewing tumor cell lines

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lanvers-Kaminsky ◽  
Dorothea-Maria Nolting ◽  
Julia K??ster ◽  
Anke Schr??der ◽  
Julia Sandk??tter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Ewing Tumor

In vitro toxicity of cationic micelles and liposomes in cultured human hepatocyte (HepG2) and lung epithelial (A549) cell lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Roursgaard ◽  
Kristina Bram Knudsen ◽  
Helle Northeved ◽  
Mikael Persson ◽  
Tina Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
A549 Cell ◽  
Human Hepatocyte ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Cationic Micelles ◽  
Lung Epithelial

MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 93-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Clemedson ◽  
Frank A. Barile ◽  
Barbro Ekwall ◽  
Maria José Gómez-Lechón ◽  
Tony Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Basal Cytotoxicity

Results from tests on the first 30 MEIC reference chemicals in 16 different systems are presented as a prerequisite to the subsequent in vitro/in vivo comparisons of acute toxicity data, i.e. the final MEIC evaluation of all test results of the study. The study is a supplement to the previously published results from 68 methods (including methods 45B and 46B [old numbers]) used to test the same set of chemicals. The strategies and methods of the preceding paper were employed to enable a comparative cytotoxicity analysis of the results from these 68 methods and from the 16 new methods to be made. Principal components analysis (PCA) of 82 assays demonstrated a dominating first component which described as much as 83% of the variance in the toxicity data. This remarkable similarity of all toxicity data was the main finding of the present study, and confirmed the results of the previous study with a less-extensive database. Also, the influence on the general variability of results of several key methodological factors was evaluated by analysis of selected sets of data, including linear regression of the results of pairs of methods, which were similar in all respects except for the factor under analysis. This analysis of the same 82 assays as before also confirmed previous results from the 68 assay database: a) the toxicities of a third of the chemicals increased considerably with exposure time; b) in general, cytotoxicity for human cells was well predicted by cytotoxicity tests with animal cells; c) this prediction was poor for two chemicals, i.e. digoxin and malathion; d) prediction of human cytotoxicity by ecotoxicological tests was only fairly good; e) 25 comparisons of similar assays employing different cell lines showed strikingly similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.86); f) 22 comparisons of similar pairs of assays employing different primary cultures and cell lines also revealed similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.79); and g) 15 comparisons of similar assays with different growth/viability endpoint measurements demonstrated strikingly similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.89). Results b, e, f and g must be the main causes of the general similarity of results, while results a, c and d, together with other factors, could explain the 20% dissimilarity. These findings support the basal cytotoxicity concept and may assist in guiding and refining in vitro toxicity testing in the future.

scholarly journals The uncertainty of old aliquots of cell lines: e-CAS or m-CAS?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Evans ◽  
Romain Paillot ◽  
María Rocío López-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Primary Cells ◽  
Macrophage Cell Line ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Health Trust

SummaryThe 3Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) are focused on finding alternatives to the use of animals in research. In this regard, cell lines are popular and useful tools for the replacement of primary cells in in vitro studies. However, around 15-30% of cell lines used in research have been misidentified or cross-contaminated generating concerns about the results obtained from experiments that use them. Here we described how old aliquots of an equine macrophage cell line (e-CAS) stored at the Animal Health Trust did not contain equine cells but macrophages of murine origin (m-CAS).

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