A7.8 In Vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens in the united states — tigecycline evaluation surveillance trial (T.E.S.T.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S80-S81
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Doripenem, a New Carbapenem

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1384-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigong Ge ◽  
Matthew A. Wikler ◽  
Daniel F. Sahm ◽  
Renée S. Blosser-Middleton ◽  
James A. Karlowsky
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

ABSTRACT The doripenem MICs at which 90% of the tested strains were inhibited ranged from 0.03 to 1 μg/ml for 10 species of Enterobacteriaceae (n = 351), from 0.03 to 0.12 μg/ml for oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci (n = 119), from 4 to 32 μg/ml for oxacillin-resistant staphylococci (n = 64), from ≤0.008 to 0.06 μg/ml for penicillin-susceptible streptococci (n = 132), and from 1 to 4 μg/ml for penicillin-resistant streptococci (n = 51). Overall, doripenem demonstrated in vitro activity similar to that of meropenem against gram-negative pathogens and to that of imipenem against gram-positive pathogens.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Some Synthetic Indolium Chloride Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Arifa Akther ◽  
Mohammad Rashedul Haque ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid ◽  
Md Wahab Khan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fungal Strains

A total of eight compounds including four starting materials and four indolium chloride derivatives were tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. Among them, N-acetyl-2- acetylindoliumchloride (8) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 200 μg/disc, while the Nacetyl- 2-benzoylindoliumchloride (9) showed moderate activity at 400 μg/disc. At the same time, N-acetyl-2- anisoylindoliumchloride (10) and N-acetyl-2-tolylindoliumchloride (11) demonstrated weak antimicrobial activity. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 19(2): 133-137, 2020 (December)

scholarly journals A comparison of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of liposomes containing meropenem and gentamicin

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa ◽  
Jerzy Gubernator ◽  
Agata Dorotkiewicz-Jach ◽  
Włodzimierz Doroszkiewicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Kozubek
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Free Drug ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

AbstractThe antimicrobial activity of eight cationic, two neutral and three anionic liposome compositions containing meropenem and gentamicin was tested in vitro in broth and serum medium. The cationic formulations showed better antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria than the anionic and neutral ones, regardless of the encapsulated drug. The most effective formulations were the cationic PC/DOPE/DOTAP 3:4:3 and PC/Chol/DOTAP 3:4:3, as the MICs with meropenem were 2 to 4 times lower than those of the free drug.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB. AND CURCUMA AMADA ROXB

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Randeep Kaur ◽  
Barinderjit Kaur ◽  
Ashish Suttee ◽  
Vandna Kalsi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Curcuma Amada

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Curcuma caesia Roxb. and Curcuma amada Roxb. family Zingiberaceae. Both plants have been used traditionally for curing a number of diseases and ailments. The plants have been specifically used in skin problems and inflammatory conditions.Methods: Each plant material was extracted with dichloromethane (DCM) and ethanol. All extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes), and two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the cup-plate method. The standard drug used was ofloxacin (0.2 ml) at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. The antifungal activity was tested against Aspergillus fumigatus, and Candida albicans using the cup-plate method and clotrimazole (10 mg/ml) was taken as standard reference.Results: Phytochemical screening performed on the extracts has shown the presence of various constituents such as glycosides, carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols, resins, flavonoids, and diterpenoids. On comparing both species, C. amada was found to be stronger growth inhibitor against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. C. caesia ethanol extract at a dose of 200 mg/ml was most effective and C. amada DCM extract 100 mg/ml was least effective in case of antifungal activity against C. albicans. In case of A. fumigatus, C. caesia DCM extract 100 mg/ml was least effective and C. caesia ethanol extract 200 mg/ml was most effective.Conclusion: The present study provides the information on phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of extracts prepared from two plants of family Zingiberaceae, i.e., C. caesia Roxb. and C. amada Roxb.

scholarly journals Ceftobiprole Activity against Gram-Positive and -Negative Pathogens Collected from the United States in 2006 and 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
Jennifer M. Streit ◽  
Jennifer I. Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Serious Infections

ABSTRACT Ceftobiprole is an advanced cephalosporin with potent activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that has been approved in many European and non-European countries to treat community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia). This study reports on the activity of ceftobiprole against a large set of clinical isolates obtained from hospitalized patients in the United States in 2016 that caused serious infections, including pneumonia, bacteremia, and skin and skin structure infections. To assess any potential temporal changes in ceftobiprole activity, the 2016 results were compared to corresponding MIC data from a 2006 U.S. survey that included key target pathogens. Ceftobiprole exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates, which were 99.3% susceptible), coagulase-negative staphylococci (100% susceptible), Enterococcus faecalis (100% susceptible), Streptococcus pneumoniae (99.7% susceptible), and other tested streptococci. Similarly, ceftobiprole was highly active against Enterobacteriaceae isolates that did not exhibit an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype, including Escherichia coli (99.8% susceptible) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (99.6% susceptible). A total of 99.6% of all Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis isolates were inhibited at ≤1 mg/liter ceftobiprole, and 72.7% of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to ceftobiprole. With the exception of decreased cephalosporin susceptibility among Enterobacteriaceae isolates, which correlates with an increased prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates, ceftobiprole had similar activities against the isolate sets collected in 2006 and 2016. Therefore, ceftobiprole remains highly active when tested in vitro against a large number of current Gram-positive or Gram-negative pathogens that cause serious infections.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Punica Granatum Peel Extract and their Biological Activity on different Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Hussein H. Al-Turnachy ◽  
Fadhilk. alibraheemi ◽  
Ahmed Abd Alreda Madhloom ◽  
Zahraa Yosif Motaweq ◽  
Nibras Yahya Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Peel Extract

The present study was included the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs synthesized by Punica granatum peel extract against pathogenic bacteria by testing warm aqueous P. granatum peel extract and silver nanoparticles. Punica granatum indicated potency for AgNP extracellular nanobiosynthesis after addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) 4mM to the extract supernatant, in both concentrations (100mg and 50mg). The biogenic AgNPs showed potency to inhibit both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial growth. Zons of inhibition in (mm) was lesser in gram-positive than gram-negative bacteria. The resulted phytogenic AgNPs gave higher biological activity than warm aqueous Punica granatum peel extract. The inhibition zone of the phytogenic AgNPs on E. coli reached 17.53, 22.35, and 26.06 mm at (0.1, 0.5, and 1) mg/ml respectively. While inhibition zones of Punica warm aqueous extract reached 5.33, 10.63, and 16.08 mm at the same concentrations. phytogenic AgNPs gave smaller inhibition zones in gram-positive than gram- negative. Cytotoxic activity of the phytogenic AgNPs was assayed in vitro agaist human blood erythrocytes (RBCs), spectroscopic results showed absorbance at 540 nm hemolysis was observed. In general, AgNPs showed least RBCs hemolysis percentage, at 1 mg/ml concentration, hemolysis percentage was (4.50%). This study, concluded that the Punica granatum peel extract has the power of synthses of AgNPs characterized by broad spectrum antimicrobial activity with cyto-toxicity proportional to AgNPs concentration.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF SANTALUM ALBUM SEEDS EXTRACTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Gautam P. Vadnere ◽  
Md. Rageeb Usman ◽  
Santram Lodhi ◽  
Vaishali Patil
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Screening ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: Present study aimed phytochemical evaluation and antimicrobial screening of petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of Santalum album seeds.Methods: Petroleum ether and ethanol extracts were screened for presence of chemical constituents. Petroleum ether extract was investigated detail by using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. In vitro antimicrobial activity of both extracts were investigated using disc diffusion method on two gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and fungus Candida albicans.Results: Santalbic acid was identified in petroleum ether extract and content determined by HPTLC was 4.7%w/w. It was seen that petroleum ether extract have MIC value for B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans were 78.125 µg/ml, 19.331 µg/ml, 625 µg/ml & 39.062 µg/ml respectively while MBC was 39.062 µg/ml, 4.882 µg/ml, 312.5 µg/ml & 9.765 µg/ml,  respectively. Petroleum ether extract showed MIC and MBC values for S. aureus was similar as 156.25µg/ml. So, the petroleum ether extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against both gram positive, gram negative and fungal strain.Conclusions: The results of present investigations were indicative of possible high potency of petroleum ether extract due to santalbic acid which could serve as chemotherapeutic agent.

scholarly journals In Vitro Study of Antimicrobial Percutaneous Nephrostomy Catheters for Prevention of Renal Infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nylev Vargas-Cruz ◽  
Ruth A. Reitzel ◽  
Joel Rosenblatt ◽  
Mohamed Jamal ◽  
Ariel D. Szvalb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fungal Organisms

ABSTRACT Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) catheters are the primary method for draining ureters obstructed by malignancy and preventing a decline of renal function. However, PCN catheter-related infections, such as pyelonephritis and urosepsis, remain a significant concern. Currently, no antimicrobial PCN catheters are available for preventing infection complications. Vascular catheters impregnated with minocycline-rifampin (M/R) and M/R with chlorhexidine coating (M/R plus CHD) have previously demonstrated antimicrobial activity. Therefore, in this study, we examined whether these combinations could be applied to PCN catheters and effectively inhibit biofilm formation by common uropathogens. An in vitro biofilm colonization model was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of M/R and M/R-plus-CHD PCN catheters against nine common multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative uropathogens as well as Candida glabrata and Candida albicans. Experimental catheters were also assessed for durability of antimicrobial activity for up 3 weeks. PCN catheters coated with M/R plus CHD completely inhibited biofilm formation for up to 3 weeks for all the organisms tested. The reduction in colonization compared to uncoated PCN catheters was significant for all Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal organisms (P < 0.05). M/R-plus-CHD PCN catheters also produced significant reductions in biofilm colonization relative to M/R PCN catheters for Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, C. glabrata, and C. albicans (P < 0.05). M/R-plus-CHD PCN catheters proved to be highly efficacious in preventing biofilm colonization when exposed to multidrug-resistant pathogens common in PCN catheter-associated pyelonephritis. M/R-plus-CHD PCN catheters warrant evaluation in a clinical setting to assess their ability to prevent clinically relevant nephrostomy infections.

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