Suicidal Attempts and Life Events Among Depressive Adult Outpatients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Amara ◽  
A. Braham ◽  
S. Ben Nasr ◽  
B. Ben Hadj Ali
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychiatric Department ◽  
Early Life Events

Aims:Although a relationship between experience of problematic life events and suicidal behaviour has been recognized during last decades, few studies of life events have been realized among depressive adults.The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between life events and suicidal attempts among depressive adult patients.Methods:Eighty adult outpatients were recruited from the psychiatric department of Farhat Hached hospital of sousse (in Tunisia). All patients were followed up for a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) according to the DSM IV criteria. They also were in remission for at least four weeks. For life events we used the EVE scale of Ferreri which permitted to assess event nature, event number and patient strategies in front of stressful life events.Results:The gender ratio of the sample was 1.35 and the mean age was 44.4 ± 12.9 years.Twenty five percent of the sample have committed at least one suicidal attempt.Suicidal attempts were positively correlated with the total number of life events (p = 0.001), the number of early life events (p = 0.024) and the number of stressful life events (p < 0.001). Patients with a history of suicidal attempts were more likely to cope negatively with life events (p < 0.001).Conclusion:To prevent suicide, psychotherapies focusing on stress coping could be a good therapeutic alternative among patients with MDD.

scholarly journals Dissociation, Stressors, and Coping in Patients of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

2020 ◽  
pp. 025371762095646
Author(s):  
Neena S Sawant ◽  
Maithili S Umate
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nonepileptic Seizures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Coping

Background: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) commonly present both to neurologists and psychiatrists and include a wide range of psychopathology. In order to understand the demographics, dissociative experiences, stressful life events, abuse, and coping in these patients, this study was undertaken. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study. A total of 71 patients of PNES, referred from neurology, were assessed on Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), Scale For Trauma and Abuse, Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES), and Ways of Coping Questionnaire to ascertain the dissociative experiences; the prevalence of trauma, abuse, and stressful life events, and the coping mechanisms. Results: Females predominated, with the duration of PNES up to 2 years. The mean ± SD total DES score was 38.14 ± 14.1, indicating high dissociation. On the PSLES, for the stressful life events in the last one year, the mean score was 98.28 ± 87.1. Marital and family conflicts and death were reported more. History of childhood or adult physical and sexual abuse was less reported. History of head trauma was present in 13 patients. Emotion-focused coping was used more than problem-solving strategies. Conclusions: Very few Indian studies have looked into these nuances. This study has helped in improving the understanding of the various risk factors of PNES and the coping strategies, and in sensitizing psychiatrists and neurologists to enquire into trauma and abuse of these patients.

Schizoaffective disorder and life events

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s845-s845
Author(s):  
B. walid ◽  
I. Marrag ◽  
F. Ellouze ◽  
A. Dekhil ◽  
M. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Psychiatric Department

IntroductionThe schizoaffective disorder is multifactorial. Several factors almost unquestioned, even indisputable, participate in the episodes’ decompensation and affect various fields: biological, pharmacological or neurobiochemical.ObjectivesDraw up the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients treated for schizoaffective disorder and determine the role of life events in the onset of the disorder.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 52 patients hospitalized in the psychiatric department of Mahdia diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-IV-TR during the period from January 2014 until June 2014. The information was collected using a preset sheet with 35 items.ResultsA total of 52 records was gathered. The average age was 38 years. The sample was predominantly male, of rural origin in 61.5% of cases. The level of education was low in 59.6% of cases. More than half were without profession and single in 46.2% of cases. The mean age at onset of the disorder was 25.2 years. The presence of life events preceding the onset of the disorder was noted in 22 patients, that to say, 42.3% of the sample. Family and emotional events were most frequently encountered with respective rates of 48.2 and 24.7%, followed by the professional events (20%) and social ones (6%).ConclusionLife events are due to chance but also to the environment. The complexity of the “event” concept was again underlined in a new perspective, breaking social rhythms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Construction of a model of risk in the use of alcohol and other illicit substances among adolescent students / Construcción de un modelo de riesgo en el consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias ilícitas en adolescentes estudiantes de Bachillerato

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Pérez Ramos ◽  
Emilia Lucio-Gómez Maqueo
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
School Type ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Single Parent Family ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
The Mean

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal identificar algunos factores vinculados con el consumo de drogas y alcohol en una población de estudiantes de educación media superior de la Ciudad de México. Se consideraron en específico variables intervinientes como: Edad del adolescente; sexo; promedio y turno escolar; tipo de familia y sucesos de vida estresantes.A través de un muestreo aleatorio simple estratificado, se obtuvo a 1997 adolescentes, a todos ellos se les aplicaron los instrumentos: Información sociodemográfica forma para adolescentes; Sucesos de vida forma adolescente; AUDIT y el ASSIST. La identificación de los adolescentes en riesgo se realizó a partir de los puntajes obtenidos en el AUDIT y ASSIST. De la muestra total el 25% (n=502), fueron detectados por consumo en riesgo de alcohol y alguna otra droga. El resto de los casos quedaron clasificados como casos de no riesgo. Se realizó una regresión logística binaria condicional, para identificar los factores que favorecen el consumo de alcohol, tabaco y otras drogas ilícitas en los adolescentes. Los resultados indican que ser varón; el pertenecer a una familia monoparental; la edad y los sucesos negativos en la salud, entre otros, aumentan el riesgo de consumir alcohol u alguna sustancia ilícita.  Abstract Several risk factors, which increment the probability of using alcohol and other illegal substances, like family dysfunction have been considered.The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with alcohol and other substances abuse in a sample of 1997 students from senior high school from Mexico City. The mean age of the adolescents was 16.7 (s.d.1.7). 52.7% were females and 47.3% males, 56% studied in the morning and 43.8% in the afternoon. Some variables were considered like adolescents’ age, grades, time-schedule in which they went to school, type of family and stressful life-events were considered specifically.The identification of adolescents at risk was done with AUDIT andASSIST. A binary logistic regression was calculated in order to identify those factors that increment alcohol, tobacco and other illegal substances use. Results indicate that a single parent family, being older and stressful life events, among others, increment risk consumption of alcohol and other substances.

scholarly journals P677 It’s time to grow up: what is it like to transition from the paediatric to adult inflammatory bowel disease service?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S553-S553
Author(s):  
P Keightley ◽  
R Prematunga ◽  
P Hoffmann ◽  
K Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Adult Service ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Background inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence in the paediatric population. We explored the experiences of two groups of patients, those who transitioned directly from the paediatric to the adult service before the transitional IBD clinic was established, referred to as ‘adult’ and those who engaged in the new transitional clinic, referred to as ‘transitional’. Methods Sixteen (8 in each group as described above) out of 20 suitable patients participated. Patients were administered the IBD Questionnaire (IBDQ), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Patient- Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9) and Stressful Life Events Questionnaire. A semi-structured interview was administered to patients and carers about their experiences of diagnosis, paediatric care, transition to adult services and adult care. Results The average age of participants in both groups was 17. The transitional clinic had a higher proportion of Crohn’s disease. In the adult group, there were more males and the reverse in the transitional group. The adult clinic patients had more active disease, use of steroids, and emergency department presentations. The mean CRP of 36 mg/l at first visit to the adult clinic improved to 12 mg/l, at last, follow-up whereas mean CRP at first and last visit to the transitional clinic remained at 2 mg/l. Both clinics had similar rates of compliance and attendance. In the transitional and adult clinics respectively the mean IBDQ was 193 (SD=31) and 174 (SD = 22) with higher scores reflecting better health-related quality of life, the K10 mean score was 16 (SD = 7.5) and 17.5 (SD = 4.3) indicating a moderate level of distress, the PDRQ-9 mean scores were 4.3/5 (SD = 0.75) and 4.8/5 (SD = 0.4) indicating good therapeutic relationships. Both groups reported a similar number of stressful life events. Key themes were identified in both patient and carer interviews: (1) Diagnosis and illness: Diagnostic uncertainty, frustration at the diagnostic process, and the importance of finding a doctor you trust. (2) Maturity: growing up fast for some and seeking independence, growing up slowly for others while non-ill peers matured faster. (3) Carer adjustment: The central role of mothers and fathers as carers. Some adolescents feel highly responsible for their parents’ and families’ well-being. Conclusion Patients with IBD and their carers face particular difficulties during the period of transition from a paediatric to adult service. These are factors specific to the illness and factors related to maturation and development. There should be flexibility around maturity which is not rigidly age-based but instead based on the specific developmental needs of different families and adolescents.

Stressful life events and major depressive disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Netta Horesh ◽  
Anat Brunstein Klomek ◽  
Alan Apter
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

scholarly journals Stressful life events among individuals with a history of eating disorders: a case-control comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Ø. Lie ◽  
Cynthia M. Bulik ◽  
Ole A. Andreassen ◽  
Øyvind Rø ◽  
Lasse Bang
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Experiencing stressful life events (SLEs) can negatively impact mental health and increase risk for psychiatric disorders including eating disorders (EDs). Previous research has shown that childhood sexual abuse is associated with some EDs, but less is known about the association between other non-sexual SLEs and EDs. Method A case-control study of individuals with (n = 495, age mean ± SD = 29.1 ± 9.8 years) and without (n = 395, age = 30.2 ± 11.7) self-reported lifetime history of EDs was conducted to compare history of self-reported SLEs. Participants reported history of sexual (e.g., rape, other sexual assault) and non-sexual (e.g., emotional abuse, assault, bereavement) life events using an adaptation of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire. Individuals with EDs were divided into ED subtypes along the restricting – binge eating/purging spectrum to examine subtype differences. Logistic regressions were conducted for each SLE and ED subtype to obtain odds ratios (ORs). We report p-values corrected for multiple comparisons. Results Exposure to any SLE was significantly more common in individuals with EDs than in controls (OR = 2.47, p < .001). Specifically, rape, other sexual assault, and emotional abuse were significantly more common among individuals with a history of binge-eating/purging ED subtypes (ORs = 2.15–3.58, p’s < .01) compared with controls. Furthermore, history of life-threatening disease and loss of a close relative/partner/friend were associated with some ED subtypes. The association between SLEs and EDs was stronger for individuals who had experienced multiple SLEs. Conclusion By investigating a range of different SLEs, we showed that both sexual and non-sexual SLEs were more common in individuals with a history of EDs (binge-eating/purging subtypes) than controls. Results highlight the importance of assessing a variety of past SLEs in risk assessment for different EDs.

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