Stressful life events among individuals with a history of eating disorders: a case-control comparison

Abstract Background Experiencing stressful life events (SLEs) can negatively impact mental health and increase risk for psychiatric disorders including eating disorders (EDs). Previous research has shown that childhood sexual abuse is associated with some EDs, but less is known about the association between other non-sexual SLEs and EDs. Method A case-control study of individuals with (n = 495, age mean ± SD = 29.1 ± 9.8 years) and without (n = 395, age = 30.2 ± 11.7) self-reported lifetime history of EDs was conducted to compare history of self-reported SLEs. Participants reported history of sexual (e.g., rape, other sexual assault) and non-sexual (e.g., emotional abuse, assault, bereavement) life events using an adaptation of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire. Individuals with EDs were divided into ED subtypes along the restricting – binge eating/purging spectrum to examine subtype differences. Logistic regressions were conducted for each SLE and ED subtype to obtain odds ratios (ORs). We report p-values corrected for multiple comparisons. Results Exposure to any SLE was significantly more common in individuals with EDs than in controls (OR = 2.47, p < .001). Specifically, rape, other sexual assault, and emotional abuse were significantly more common among individuals with a history of binge-eating/purging ED subtypes (ORs = 2.15–3.58, p’s < .01) compared with controls. Furthermore, history of life-threatening disease and loss of a close relative/partner/friend were associated with some ED subtypes. The association between SLEs and EDs was stronger for individuals who had experienced multiple SLEs. Conclusion By investigating a range of different SLEs, we showed that both sexual and non-sexual SLEs were more common in individuals with a history of EDs (binge-eating/purging subtypes) than controls. Results highlight the importance of assessing a variety of past SLEs in risk assessment for different EDs.

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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RETROSPECTIVE CASE-CONTROL STUDIES

10.26226/morressier.56e174d4d462b8028d88a7cd ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Brunetta Porcelli

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Retrospective Case

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Use of Archived Neonatal Bloodspots for Examining Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Potentially Traumatic or Stressful Life Events, Maternal Herpesvirus Infection and Lifetime History of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Offspring

Frontiers in Environmental Science ◽

10.3389/fenvs.2016.00054 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda M. Simanek ◽

Monica Uddin ◽

Robert H. Yolken ◽

Allison E. Aiello

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Life Events ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Prenatal Exposure ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Herpesvirus Infection ◽

Lifetime History ◽

History Of

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Stressful life events and psychiatric comorbidity in acne–a case control study

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry ◽

10.1111/appy.12340 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e12340 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Swapna Bondade ◽

Abhineetha Hosthota ◽

Vinay Basavaraju

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Control Study

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Major Stressful Life Events and Risk of Developing Lung Cancer: A Case-Control Study

Clinical Medicine Insights Oncology ◽

10.1177/1179554919835798 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 117955491983579 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Syed H Jafri ◽

Faisal Ali ◽

Arash Mollaeian ◽

Syed Mojiz Hasan ◽

Rahat Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Stressful Life Event ◽

Case Control ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Prior History ◽

Life Event ◽

Control Study

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality and is strongly linked with smoking. We sought to determine whether major stressful life events (e.g. divorce) are also a risk factor for developing lung cancers. Methods: We performed a matched case-control study. Cases (CA) were lung cancer patients diagnosed within the previous 12 months. Controls (CO) were patients without a prior history of malignancy. Data on major stressful life events were collected using the modified Holmes-Rahe stress scale. The primary endpoint was the odds of having a major stressful life event between CA and CO. A sample of 360 patients (CA = 120, CO = 240) was needed to achieve 80% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of 2.00 versus the alternative of equal odds using χ2 = 0.05. Results: Between May 2015 and December 2016, we enrolled 301 patients (CA = 102, CO = 199), matched for median age (CA = 64.4 years, CO = 63.9 years), sex (CA-Male = 48%, CO-Male = 49.2%), and smoking status (ever smoker, CA = 84%, CO = 85%). There was no difference in lifetime stressful life event rate between CA and CO (95% vs 93.9%; P = .68). However, CA were significantly more likely to have had a stressful event within the preceding 5 years than CO (CA = 77.4% vs CO = 65.8%; P = .03, OR = 1.78). β-blocker use was significantly higher among CO (CA = 29.4%, CO = 49.7%; P = .0007, OR = 0.42), suggesting a protective effect. Conclusion: Patients with lung cancer are significantly more likely to have had a major stressful life event within the preceding 5 years. In addition, use of β-blockers may be protective against lung cancer.

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Major stressful life events and risk of developing lung cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.1575 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 1575-1575 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Syed Hasan Raza Jafri ◽

Faisal Ali ◽

Arash Mollaeian ◽

Syed Mojiz Hasan ◽

Rahat Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Event ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Life Event ◽

The Past ◽

History Of

1575 Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality linked with smoking, though only 6-18% of heavy smokers die of lung cancer. We hypothesized that major stressful life events are a risk factor for developing lung cancer. Methods: In our matched case-control study, cases (CA) were lung cancer patients diagnosed within past 12 months. Controls (CO) were patients without a prior history of malignancy. CA and CO were matched for age, gender and smoking status. Smokers had at least 10 packs/years history of smoking. Data was collected using standardized research questionnaire on 11 major stressful life events using Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The primary endpoint was odds of having a major stressful life event. A sample of 360 patients (120 CA and 240 CO), was needed to achieve 80% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of 2.00 using Chi-Square test with a P = 0.05 significance. The study was IRB approved at each institution. Results: Between May 2015 and December 2016, 324 patients were enrolled (23 were excluded due to prior cancer history or incomplete information). 301 (CA = 102; CO = 199) were included in the final analysis. The two groups were well matched in median age (CA = 64.4 years; CO = 63.9years), gender (CA-Male = 48%; CO-Male = 49.2%) and smoking status (ever smoker, CA = 86%; CO = 85%). There was no difference in lifetime stressful life event between CA and CO (95% vs 93.9% P = 0.68%). However, CA were significantly more likely to have had a major stressful life event within the past 5 years than controls (CA = 77.4% vs CO = 65.8%, P = 0.03, (OR = 1.78). Serious life-threatening illness of an immediate family member (P = 0.04) and retirement (P = 0.07) within the past 5 years were noticeably more common among CA. Holmes-Rahe stress score in the last 5 years was higher in men (86.3 vs 63.3, P = 0.07) and those > 65 years old (82.4 vs 57.2,P = 0.04) as compared with CO and in those with squamous histology than with adenocarcinoma (115.6 vs 63.4, P = 0.005). Conclusions: Patients with lung cancer (CA) were significantly more likely to have had a major stressful life event within the past 5 years than the matched controls (CO), especially in older men with squamous histology. Major stressful life events should be considered a risk factor for developing lung cancer.

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Suicidal Attempts and Life Events Among Depressive Adult Outpatients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70840-5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

G. Amara ◽

A. Braham ◽

S. Ben Nasr ◽

B. Ben Hadj Ali

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Suicidal Attempts ◽

History Of ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

The Mean ◽

Psychiatric Department ◽

Early Life Events

Aims:Although a relationship between experience of problematic life events and suicidal behaviour has been recognized during last decades, few studies of life events have been realized among depressive adults.The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between life events and suicidal attempts among depressive adult patients.Methods:Eighty adult outpatients were recruited from the psychiatric department of Farhat Hached hospital of sousse (in Tunisia). All patients were followed up for a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) according to the DSM IV criteria. They also were in remission for at least four weeks. For life events we used the EVE scale of Ferreri which permitted to assess event nature, event number and patient strategies in front of stressful life events.Results:The gender ratio of the sample was 1.35 and the mean age was 44.4 ± 12.9 years.Twenty five percent of the sample have committed at least one suicidal attempt.Suicidal attempts were positively correlated with the total number of life events (p = 0.001), the number of early life events (p = 0.024) and the number of stressful life events (p < 0.001). Patients with a history of suicidal attempts were more likely to cope negatively with life events (p < 0.001).Conclusion:To prevent suicide, psychotherapies focusing on stress coping could be a good therapeutic alternative among patients with MDD.

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