Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis of Patients With Depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1143-1143
Author(s):  
M. He ◽  
Z. Gu ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
X. Tian
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Before And After

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sleep electroencephalogram-modulated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (SEM-rTMS) and conventional rTMS (C-rTMS) on the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with depression.MethodsIn a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 164 patients diagnosed with depression were randomized to treatment with SEM-rTMS (n = 57), C-rTMS (n = 55) or sham rTMS (n = 52) for 30 min every day for 10 d. Before and after treatment plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) were measured, and the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) was used for assessment.ResultsThe HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations of these depressive patients before treatment were significantly different from those of the normal control group (P < 0.05). The HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations in the SEM-r TMS group and conventional rTMS group were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH (n = 240, r = 0.105, P = 0.048) and CORT concentrations (n = 240, r = 0.126, P = 0.023) in the patients with depression before and after treatment.ConclusionThe antidepressant effect of rTMS, including SEM-rTMS, may be related to its decreasing HPA axis activity. (This trail was registered. No: ChiCTR-TRC-00000465).

Treatment of Depression Using Sleep Electroencephalogram Modulated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1142-1142
Author(s):  
M. He ◽  
Z. Gu ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
H. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Psychoactive Medication ◽  
Before And After ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background and purposeThe conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has some inadequate of efficacy weak and inadequate for the treatment of depression, easy symptomatic recurrence when stop the treatment. Ours invented the device of sleep electroencephalogram-modulated rTMS (SEM-rTMS) were safe and effective by proved of the animal experiments and clinical pre-test for the treatment of depression. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of SEM-rTMS for the treatment of depression.MethodsAfter 7 days without psychoactive medication, 164 patients with clinically defined depression, were randomly assigned to receive SEM-rTMS (N = 57), conventional rTMS (C-rTMS (N = 55), or sham-rTMS (N = 52) for 30 minutes/time/day for 10 days. Before and after scores on the 24-item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD-24) and the clinical outcome at the 10th-day of therapy for all subjects were analyzed.ResultsTwenty two cases in the SEM-rTMS group improved mood as compared to 6 in the C-rTMS group and 2 in the sham-rTMS group (c2 = 15.89, p = 0.0004). After completion of the rTMS phase of the protocol, a (51 ± 5) % reduction of HAMD-24 scores from the baseline in the SEM-rTMS group compared with a (34 ± 4)% in the C-rTMS group ((q = 26.09, p = 0.001) and a (14 ± 3)% in Sham-rTMS group (q = 57.53,p = 0.000). The 88% total efficacy ratio in the SEM-rTMS group was significant higher than 68% in the C-rTMS group and 20% in the sham-rTMS group (c2 = 12.01, p = 0.0025). No significant side effects were noted.ConclusionIt is efficient and safe to treat depression with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. (The registration. No: ChiCTR-TRC-00000438).

The effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on patients with swallowing disorders after cerebral infarction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yupeng Du ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Ying Lu ◽  
Hong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Swallowing Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swallowing Disorder ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Swallow Study ◽  
Video Fluoroscopic Swallow Study

BACKGROUND: Swallowing disorders represent one of the most common complications after cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on swallowing disorders after cerebral infarction. METHODS: Ninety patients with swallowing disorder after cerebral infarction were enrolled and randomly assigned to three groups: the 10 Hz frequency rTMS group (30 patients), the 5 Hz frequency rTMS group (30 patients), and the 1 Hz frequency rTMS group (30 patients); another 90 healthy persons without swallowing disorders were included as the control group. The Kubota’s water-swallow test, the video fluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), and the Electroencephalograph (EEG) were analyzed before and after treatment; the EEG of the control group was detected as the baseline. RESULTS: The Kubota’s water-swallow test scores were significantly decreased while the scores of pharynx period and the aspiration degree of VFSS significantly increased in 10 Hz frequency rTMS group than before treatment (P≤0.05); the amplitudes of C3 of the EEG significantly increased in three frequency groups than before treatment (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 10 Hz frequency of rTMS is effective for the treatment of swallowing disorder after cerebral infarction, the excitement of C3 area maybe the therapeutic target of rTMS on swallowing disorder after cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Combining Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Video Game-Based Training to Improve Dexterity in Parkinson's Disease: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Pastore-Wapp ◽  
Dirk Lehnick ◽  
Tobias Nef ◽  
Stephan Bohlhalter ◽  
Tim Vanbellingen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Control Group

Introduction: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often exhibit difficulties with dexterity during the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) due to dysfunctional supplementary motor area (SMA). The aim of this clinical trial protocol work is to describe how the effectiveness of a combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over SMA and video-game-based skill training (VBT) in PD will be evaluated. The short and long-term benefits are assessed.Methods and analysis: A single-blind (patients) stratified (based on Hoehn &amp; Yahr) parallel randomized sham-controlled rTMS-VBT study with a baseline and two follow-up measurements (3 and 12 weeks) is being conducted. These measurements include the dexterity questionnaire 24 (DextQ-24) as a primary outcome, and nine hole peg test and coin rotation task as main secondary dexterity outcomes. Further secondary outcomes will be the subscale II of the movement disorders society unified PD rating scale (MDS-UPDRS) to assess improvements on overall ADL and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 to assess quality of life. Thirty-six outpatients (from one neurorehabilitation center) with PD (diagnosis based on brain bank criteria) will be recruited who report difficulties with dexterity in performing ADL. All PD patients will receive a 45-min VBT three times a week for 3 weeks. The PD patients randomized in the experimental group will receive VBT preceded by real rTMS, being intermittent theta burst (iTBS) stimulation sessions. The PD patients randomized to the control group receive a VBT with sham rTMS.Discussion: The study will provide evidence to determine whether a combined iTBS and VBT skill intervention is more effective than a VBT intervention alone to improve dexterity in PD.Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Northwest and Central Switzerland (EKNZ), Switzerland 2019–00433. The study will be conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and the Guidelines of Good Clinical Practice. Informed consent will be signed prior to subject enrolment. Dissemination will include submission to international peer-reviewed professional journals and presentation at international congresses.The study protocol has been registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry with the identification code: NCT04699149.

scholarly journals Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a prophylactic treatment in migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza B. Hammad ◽  
Rasha E. Elsharkawy ◽  
Ghada S. Abdel Azim
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Abortive Treatment

Abstract Background Clinical applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have shown promising results in the treatment of headache disorders, with migraine being one of the most encountered. Objective To assess the role of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a preventive treatment of migraine (with and without aura) and correlate the results with the serum level of the inflammatory biomarker (neurokinin A). Methods Forty patients, with age ranging from 15 to 55 years, diagnosed with migraine (30 migraine without aura and 10 with aura) and 20 apparently healthy individuals, who were age and sex matched with the patient group, were included in this study. A low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS protocol was applied for all patients for five consecutive days interictally. Assessment of pain intensity using visual analogue scale and frequency and duration of attacks as well as number of pills taken by patients as an abortive treatment according to the Basic Diagnostic Headache Diary for 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after TMS sessions was done. In addition, the Migraine Disability Assessment scale (MIDAS) was applied to assess the severity and degree of disability caused by migraine. Measurement of neurokinin A serum level was done by using ELISA for all patients before and after TMS and for control group once. Results There was a significant reduction in pain intensity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks, migraine disability scores, and number of pills taken as abortive treatment for attacks after rTMS (P < 0.001). Also, serum level of neurokinin A in the patients was significantly reduced after rTMS (P < 0.001). Conclusion Low-frequency rTMS is an effective prophylactic treatment for migraine with and without aura.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Scalp Acupuncture and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cerebral Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Jae-Hong Kim ◽  
Jae-Young Han ◽  
Min-Keun Song ◽  
Gwang-Cheon Park ◽  
Jeong-Soon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Scalp Acupuncture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled

This study investigated the synergistic effects of scalp acupuncture (SA) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), known to be effective for cerebral infarction. This outcome-assessor-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial included a per-protocol analysis to compare the efficacy of SA and electromagnetic convergence stimulation (SAEM-CS) and single or no stimulation. The trial was conducted with 42 cerebral infarction patients (control group, 12; SA group, 11; rTMS group, 8; SAEM-CS group, 11). All patient groups underwent two sessions of CSRT per day. SA, rTMS, and SAEM-CS were conducted once per day, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. The primary outcome was evaluated using the Fugl–Mayer assessment (FMA). FMA Upper Extremity, FMA total, MBI, and FIM scores significantly increased in the rTMS group compared with the control group. Additionally, FMA Upper Extremity, FMA total, MBI and FIM scores significantly increased in the rTMS group compared with the SAEM-CS group. However, there were no significant changes in the SA or SAEM-CS groups. In conclusion, low-frequency rTMS in the contralesional hemisphere may have long-term therapeutic effects on upper extremity motor function recovery and improvements in activities of daily living. SAEM-CS did not show positive synergistic effects of SA and rTMS.

A 6-month follow-up study on response and relapse rates following an acute trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depression

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chiara Arici ◽  
Beatrice Benatti ◽  
Rita Cafaro ◽  
Laura Cremaschi ◽  
Luca Degoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Late Response ◽  
Young Mania ◽  
Relapse Rates

Abstract Background Little is known about the post-acute effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with major depression. The present study focused on the 6-month follow-up of a sample of patients with major depression, after the completion of an acute 4 weeks rTMS trial, with the aim of evaluating response (in terms of sustained and late response) and relapse rates. Methods Following the completion of an acute trial of rTMS (T0-T4), 31 drug-resistant depressed patients (bipolar or unipolar) entered a naturalistic follow-up period of 6 months, with three timepoints (T5, T6, and T7) during which they were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale. Results Results showed that in the 6 months following an acute transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) trial, a higher rate of late responders was observed among previously acute TMS nonresponders (63.64%, 7 out of 11) compared to the rate of relapse among those who had acutely responded to TMS (10%, 2 out of 20). In addition, an overall high rate of maintained response (90%) was observed. Conclusion Present findings seem to support the possibility of obtaining a clinical response also after the end of an acute TMS trial in patients with major depression. The concomitant low rate of relapse observed at the end of follow-up along with a high rate of maintained response provides further support to the post-acute efficacy of TMS. Nonetheless, further controlled studies, with larger samples and longer follow-up observation, are needed to confirm the reported results.

scholarly journals Equivalent beneficial effects of unilateral and bilateral prefrontal cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation in a large randomized trial in treatment-resistant major depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1975-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Fitzgerald ◽  
Kate E. Hoy ◽  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
Ranil Gunewardene ◽  
Christopher Slack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Previous Response ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment (rTMS) is an effective treatment for depression but the optimal methods of administration have yet to be determined. Recent studies have produced conflicting results as to whether unilateral rTMS is more or less effective than sequentially applied bilateral rTMS. To address this we conducted a trial comparing sequential bilateral rTMS to right-sided unilateral rTMS using a priming protocol. Patients with treatment-resistant depression (n = 179) were enrolled in a two-arm randomized controlled trial across a 4-wk time period. The primary outcome assessment was the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Overall, there was a substantial response rate of >50% (and a 40% remission rate); however, there were no significant differences in clinical response between the two treatment groups. rTMS was well tolerated with a very low discontinuation rate. There was no relationship between response in the current trial and previous response, or non-response, to electroconvulsive therapy. We found no significant differences in clinical response between sequential bilateral rTMS and right-sided unilateral rTMS applied with a priming protocol. The results of this study do not support superior efficacy of bilateral rTMS and instead suggest that other approaches should be explored to increase treatment efficacy.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Promoting Autophagy and Synaptic Plasticity in Vascular Dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Siyuan Hou ◽  
Xin Geng
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation both showed therapeutic effects on cognition impairment in vascular dementia (VD) model rats. However, whether these two therapies have synergistic effects and the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In our present study, rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, sham operation group, VD group, MSC group, rTMS group, and MSC+rTMS group. The VD model rats were prepared using a modified 2VO method. rTMS treatment was implemented at a frequency of 5 Hz, the stimulation intensity for 0.5 Tesla, 20 strings every day with 10 pulses per string and six treatment courses. The results of the Morris water maze test showed that the learning and memory abilities of the MSC group, rTMS group, and MSC+rTMS group were better than that of the VD group, and the MSC+rTMS group showed the most significant effect. The protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NR1, LC3-II, and Beclin-1 were the highest and p62 protein was the lowest in the MSC+rTMS group. Our findings demonstrated that rTMS could further enhance the effect of MSC transplantation on VD rats and provided an important basis for the combined application of MSC transplantation and rTMS to treat VD or other neurological diseases.

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