Influences of organic and synthetic soil fertility amendments on nematode trophic groups and community dynamics under tomatoes

Abstract When using insecticides based on B. thuringiensis in biocenoses, the issues of their influence directly on plants and soil fertility are particularly relevant. The aim of the research was to study the direction of microbiological processes in the soil after processing potato plants with liquid spore cultures of entomopathogenic B. thuringiensis 792, 800, 810, 815, 857, 888, 902, 989, 994 and 0371 strains. The nature and extent of insecticide exposure were assessed by the quantity of microorganisms in the main ecological and trophic groups. It has been shown that soil treatment with B. thuringiensis strains 792, 854 and 989 influences the intensity of southern chernozem CO2 emission most actively, by 5.7-6.0 times. The studies made it possible to establish that B. thuringiensis strains 810, 854, 888 and 902 are able to exert the most active effect on the decomposition of cellulolose, increasing its activity by 93.7; 85.6; 82.0-93.7% to control. The statistically significant relationships study of correlation dependences made it possible to conclude that the treatment of southern chernozem with strains of B. thuringiensis 792, 800, 810, 854, 888 and 0371 does not have a destructive effect on soil microbocenosis.

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Community dynamics over 14 years along gradients of geological substrate and topography in tropical montane forests on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467414000777 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 117-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yoshimi Sawada ◽

Shin-ichiro Aiba ◽

Masaaki Takyu ◽

Rimi Repin ◽

Jamili Nais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Montane Forests ◽

Average Growth ◽

Drought Period ◽

Tropical Montane Forests ◽

Mount Kinabalu ◽

Geological Substrates ◽

Geological Substrate

Abstract:To understand the variation in community dynamics of tropical montane forests along gradients of soil fertility, death, recruitment and growth of trees (≥5 cm diameter) were monitored over 14 y (1997–2011) in nine plots placed in a matrix of three geological substrate types (Quaternary sediments, Tertiary sedimentary rocks and ultrabasic rocks) and three topographical units (ridge, middle and lower slopes) on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. The plot area was 0.05 ha for ridge, 0.1 ha for middle slope and 0.2 ha (on ultrabasic rocks) and 1 ha (on the other substrates) for lower slope. Recruitment rates did not show a consistent pattern across geological substrates or topographies. Mortality rates were relatively high in almost all plots during the 1997–1999 period, including the El Niño drought, and in three plots on ultrabasic rocks during 2001–2005. Binomial logistic regression analyses showed that mortality during 1997–1999 increased with soil fertility (soluble phosphorus). Background mortality, excluding these periods, did not differ across geological substrates or topographies. The average growth rate during 1997–2011 was higher on more fertile soils and positively correlated with mortality during 1997–1999. We suggest that a high mortality rate during the drought period was related to high species diversity on more fertile soils, whereas a lower growth rate was related to stunted structures on poorer soils.

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Efficiency of application of biofertilizers on the basis of sewage sludge of treatment facilities of Odessa

UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE ◽

10.31521/2313-092x/2020-3(107)-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 71-78

Author(s):

V. Krutyakova ◽

◽

N. Pyliak ◽

V. Dyshliuk ◽

O. Nikipelova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Field Research ◽

Black Soil ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Trophic Groups ◽

Quantitative Characteristics ◽

Seed Husk ◽

Treatment Facilities

Efficiency of application of biofertilizers on the basis of sewage sludge of treatment facilities of Odessa The article presents the results of the application of new biofertilizers in the technology of growing corn for grain. Biofertilizers – on the basis of sewage sludge of biological treatment plants «Southern» and «Northern» of Odesa with the addition of winter wheat straw and sunflower seed husk. The effectiveness of the application of biofertilizers based on sewage sludges was studied in a field experiment on black soil ordinary medium humus. According to the results of field research it is established that the use of new biofertilizers based on sewage sludge of biological treatment plants «Southern» and «Northern» of Odesa in corn cultivation technologies increases the quantitative characteristics of microorganisms of different ecological and trophic groups, which, in turn, helps to increase soil fertility and corn yield for grain. Keywords: biological treatment plants, bioorganic fertilizers, efficiency, ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms, rhizosphere, soil fertility.

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FACTORS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SOIL FERTILITY IN THE SYSTEM OF IRRIGATED SEVAL TURNOVERS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

PROCEEDINGS of Nizhnevolzhskiy agrouniversity complex science and higher vocational education ◽

10.32786/2071-9485-2018-04-12 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Volga Region ◽

Lower Volga Region ◽

Lower Volga

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K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL FERTILITY IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-363 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 780-787

Author(s):

Ibrahim Hassan Hayatu ◽

Abdullahi Mohammed ◽

Barroon Ahmad Isma’eel ◽

Sahabi Yusuf Ali

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Clustering Algorithm ◽

Soil Samples ◽

North West ◽

R Programming ◽

Available Information ◽

Northwest Region ◽

The Relationship

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production. Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.

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COUNTING TOTAL BACTERIA IN LAND ORGANIC WASTE HOUSEHOLD AND LAND INORGANIC WITH TOTAL PLATE COUNT METHOD (TPC)

Jurnal Penelitian Agrisamudra ◽

10.33059/jpas.v4i2.288 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 87-91

Author(s):

Ekamaida Ekamaida

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Bacterial Population ◽

Organic Soil ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Plate Count ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

Fertility Data ◽

Plate Count Method ◽

The Mean ◽

Total Bacteria

The soil fertility aspect is characterized by the good biological properties of the soil. One important element of the soil biological properties is the bacterial population present in it. This research was conducted in the laboratory of Microbiology University of Malikussaleh in the May until June 2016. This study aims to determine the number of bacterial populations in soil organic and inorganic so that can be used as an indicator to know the level of soil fertility. Data analysis was done by T-Test that is by comparing the mean of observation parameter to each soil sample. The sampling method used is a composite method, which combines 9 of soil samples taken from 9 sample points on the same plot diagonally both on organic soil and inorganic soil. The results showed the highest bacterial population was found in total organic soil cfu 180500000 and total inorganic soil cfu 62.500.000

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Testing ecological release as a compensating mechanism for mass mortality in a keystone predator

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps13227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 637 ◽

pp. 59-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J Sullivan-Stack ◽

BA Menge

Keyword(s):

Community Dynamics ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Sea Star ◽

Top Predator ◽

Oregon Coast ◽

Ecological Release ◽

Keystone Predator ◽

Pisaster Ochraceus ◽

Wasting Syndrome

Top predator decline has been ubiquitous across systems over the past decades and centuries, and predicting changes in resultant community dynamics is a major challenge for ecologists and managers. Ecological release predicts that loss of a limiting factor, such as a dominant competitor or predator, can release a species from control, thus allowing increases in its size, density, and/or distribution. The 2014 sea star wasting syndrome (SSWS) outbreak decimated populations of the keystone predator Pisaster ochraceus along the Oregon coast, USA. This event provided an opportunity to test the predictions of ecological release across a broad spatial scale and determine the role of competitive dynamics in top predator recovery. We hypothesized that after P. ochraceus loss, populations of the subordinate sea star Leptasterias sp. would grow larger, more abundant, and move downshore. We based these predictions on prior research in Washington State showing that Leptasterias sp. competed with P. ochraceus for food. Further, we predicted that ecological release of Leptasterias sp. could provide a bottleneck to P. ochraceus recovery. Using field surveys, we found no clear change in density or distribution in Leptasterias sp. populations post-SSWS, and decreases in body size. In a field experiment, we found no evidence of competition between similar-sized Leptasterias sp. and P. ochraceus. Thus, the mechanisms underlying our predictions were not in effect along the Oregon coast, which we attribute to differences in habitat overlap and food availability between the 2 regions. Our results suggest that response to the loss of a dominant competitor can be unpredictable even when based in theory and previous research.

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The Township, the Pregnant Girl and the Church: Community Dynamics, Gender and Social Control in Early Nineteenth-century Scotland

Northern Scotland ◽

10.3366/nor.2019.0168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 41-67

Author(s):

Elizabeth Ritchie

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Social Control ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Church Discipline ◽

Sexual Offences ◽

Early Nineteenth Century ◽

Female Community ◽

The Church ◽

Unmarried Girl

In 1814 in a small Highland township an unmarried girl, ostracised by her neighbours, gave birth. The baby died. The legal precognition permits a forensic, gendered examination of the internal dynamics of rural communities and how they responded to threats to social cohesion. In the Scottish ‘parish state’ disciplining sexual offences was a matter for church discipline. This case is situated in the early nineteenth-century Gàidhealtachd where and when church institutions were less powerful than in the post-Reformation Lowlands, the focus of most previous research. The article shows that the formal social control of kirk discipline was only part of a complex of behavioural controls, most of which were deployed within and by communities. Indeed, Scottish communities and churches were deeply entwined in terms of personnel; shared sexual prohibitions; and in the use of shaming as a primary method of social control. While there was something of a ‘female community’, this was not unconditionally supportive of all women nor was it ranged against men or patriarchal structures.

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