100. Over-Expression of Adiponectin and Adiponectin Receptor 2 Gene by the Method of Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery Prevents Weight Gain and Development of Insulin Resistance in AKR/J Mice

Abstract In rodents and primates, insulin resistance develops during pregnancy and fades after parturition. In contrast, dairy cows and other ruminants maintain insulin resistance in early lactation (EL). This adaptation favors mammary glucose uptake, an insulin-independent process, at a time when the glucose supply is scarce. Reduction in circulating levels of the insulin-sensitizing hormone adiponectin promotes insulin resistance in other species, but whether it contributes to insulin resistance in EL dairy cows is unknown. To address this question, plasma adiponectin was measured in high-yielding dairy cows during the transition from late pregnancy (LP) to EL. Plasma adiponectin varied in quadratic fashion with the highest levels in LP, a maximal reduction of 45% on the day after parturition and a progressive return to LP values over the next 8 wk. Adiponectin circulated nearly exclusively in high molecular weight complexes in LP, and this distribution remained unaffected in EL. The reduction of plasma adiponectin in EL occurred without changes in adiponectin mRNA in adipose tissue but was associated with repression of the expression of proteins associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and involved in assembly of adiponectin oligomers. Finally, EL increased the expression of the adiponectin receptor 1 in muscle and adiponectin receptor 2 in liver but had no effect on the expression of these receptors in adipose tissue and in the mammary gland. These data suggest that reduced plasma adiponectin belongs to the subset of hormonal adaptations in EL dairy cows facilitating mammary glucose uptake via promotion of insulin resistance.

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Modulation of adiponectin receptor 2 through MiRNA150 in the myocardium of patients with end-stage heart failure

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon ◽

10.1055/s-0032-1332599 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (S 01) ◽

Author(s):

A Beiras-Fernandez ◽

F Weis ◽

C Ledderose ◽

I Kaczmarek ◽

A Beiras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Adiponectin Receptor ◽

Adiponectin Receptor 2 ◽

End Stage Heart Failure ◽

End Stage

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The effects of pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational weight gain on maternal lipid profiles, fatty acids and insulin resistance

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2020-0540 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Muge Gul Gulecoglu Onem ◽

Canan Coker ◽

Kemal Baysal ◽

Sabahattin Altunyurt ◽

Pembe Keskinoglu

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Gestational Weight

Abstract Objectives Pregnancy is associated with physiological alterations in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. This study investigates the associations between pregestational body mass index (pBMI) and the rate of gestational weight gain (rGWG) in the second trimester with the biomarkers of lipid, fatty acids metabolism and insulin resistance. Methods Sixty nine pregnant women followed. The body weights of the pregnant women were measured and blood samples were obtained at 11–14th and 24–28th weeks of pregnancy. Glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin levels and fatty acids were measured. Rate of GWG (kg/week) and The Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The pregnant women were stratified according to their pBMI and the 2nd trimester rGWG. Results The rate of GWG was significantly higher for the group with pBMI<25, compared to the group with pBMI≥25 (p=0.024). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the second trimester compared with the first trimester. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-6 (n − 6) and omega-3 (n − 3) fatty acid levels and n − 6/n − 3 ratio were significantly higher in the second trimester. Glucose was significantly decreased and insulin was increased in the second trimester. In the overweight/obese group; HOMA-IR, insulin, AA, palmitoleic acid and stearic acid were found to be high in comparison to the group with low/normal pBMI. No parameters were associated with rGWG. Conclusions The changes in lipid parameters, free fatty acids, insulin and HOMA-IR in the second trimester were compatible with the changes in lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. Pregestational BMI was shown to have a stronger influence on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and fatty acids than rGWG.

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Danthron ameliorates obesity and MAFLD through activating the interplay between PPARα/RXRα heterodimer and adiponectin receptor 2

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111344 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 137 ◽

pp. 111344

Author(s):

Chuanrui Ma ◽

Zhongyan Wang ◽

Ronglin Xia ◽

Lingling Wei ◽

Chao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adiponectin Receptor ◽

Adiponectin Receptor 2

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Npc1 haploinsufficiency promotes weight gain and metabolic features associated with insulin resistance

Human Molecular Genetics ◽

10.1093/hmg/ddq466 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 312-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

D. Jelinek ◽

V. Millward ◽

A. Birdi ◽

T. P. Trouard ◽

R. A. Heidenreich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Gain

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Role of Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Sucrose-Induced Obesity on Metabolic Parameters

Annals of Neurosciences ◽

10.1177/09727531211005738 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097275312110057

Author(s):

Archana Gaur ◽

G.K. Pal ◽

Pravati Pal

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Food Intake ◽

Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽

Female Rats ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Male Rats ◽

Significant Weight Gain ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Obesity is because of excessive fat accumulation that affects health adversely in the form of various diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and many other disorders. Our Indian diet is rich in carbohydrates, and hence the sucrose-induced obesity is an apt model to mimic this. Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is linked to the regulation of food intake in animals as well as humans. Purpose: To understand the role of VMHin sucrose-induced obesity on metabolic parameters. Methods: A total of 24 adult rats were made obese by feeding them on a 32% sucrose solution for 10 weeks. The VMH nucleus was ablated in the experimental group and sham lesions were made in the control group. Food intake, body weight, and biochemical parameters were compared before and after the lesion. Results: Male rats had a significant weight gain along with hyperphagia, whereas female rats did not have a significant weight gain inspite of hyperphagia. Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia were seen in both the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: A sucrose diet produces obesity which is similar to the metabolic syndrome with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and a VMH lesion further exaggerates it. Males are more prone to this exaggeration.

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