Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: a before and after study

Loot boxes are items in video games that may be paid for with real-world money, but which contain randomised contents. There is a reliable correlation between loot box spending and problem gambling severity: The more money gamers spend on loot boxes, the more severe their problem gambling tends to be. However, it is unclear whether this link represents a case in which loot box spending causes problem gambling; a case in which the gambling-like nature of loot boxes cause problem gamblers to spend more money; or whether it simply represents a case in which there is a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, nonspecific to loot boxes.The multiplayer video game Heroes of the Storm recently removed loot boxes. In order to better understand links between loot boxes and problem gambling, we conducted an analysis of players of Heroes of the Storm (n=112) both before and after the removal of loot boxes.There were a complex pattern of results. In general, when loot boxes were removed from Heroes of the Storm, problem gamblers appeared to spend significantly less money in-game in contrast to other groups. These results suggest that the presence of loot boxes in a game may lead to problem gamblers spending more money in-game. It therefore seems possible that links between loot box spending and problem gambling are not due to a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, but rather are to do with specific features of loot boxes themselves.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Impact of peer review on reports of randomised trials published in open peer review journals: retrospective before and after study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718478599.793498079 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Mobasheri

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Randomised Trials ◽

Before And After ◽

Before And After Study

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Impact of discontinuing contact precautions for MRSA and ESBLE in an intensive care unit: A prospective noninferiority before and after study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.731251508.793555282 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Pranavi Sreeramoju

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Contact Precautions ◽

Before And After ◽

Before And After Study

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INTERVENSI PELATIHAN PENILAIAN KINERJA PADA ATASAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT & EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

PSYCHOPEDIA : Jurnal Psikologi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang ◽

10.36805/psikologi.v2i2.700 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Holy Greata

Keyword(s):

Performance Appraisal ◽

Employee Engagement ◽

Study Design ◽

Work Engagement ◽

Organizational Support ◽

Perceived Organizational Support ◽

Paired Sample ◽

Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽

Before And After ◽

Before And After Study

This study aims to look at the effectiveness of performance appraisal training programs to improve perceived organizational support and employee engagement among employees at YPTK educational institutions. This research uses a quantitative approach, with the before-and-after study design research design. The strength of this program is the ability to measure the impact of an intervention. Measuring devices perceived organizational support is an adaptation of the survey of perceived organizational support, while measuring instruments employee engagement is an adaptation of the Utrecht work engagement scale. The results of this study indicate the influence of perceived organizational support on employee engagement of 0.168 (p = 0.016 significant at l.o.s 0.05). Paired sample t-test results showed significant differences in perceived organizational support and employee engagement scores before and after the training and outreach of performance appraisal. Keywords: Perceived Organizational Suppor; Employee Engagement, Performance assessment Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efektifitas program pelatihan penilaian kinerja untuk meningkatkan perceived organizational support dan employee engagement pada karyawan di lembaga pendidikan YPTK. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan design penelitian the before-and-after study design. Kelebihan dari program ini adalah kemampuan untuk mengukur dampak dari sebuah intervensi. Alat ukur perceived organizational support merupakan adaptasi dari survey of perceived organizational support, sedangkan alat ukur employee engagement merupakan adaptasi dari Utrecht work engagement scale. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh perceived organizational support terhadap employee engagement sebesar 0.168 (p=0.016 signifikan pada l.o.s 0.05). Hasil uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan skor perceived organizational support dan employee engagement yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pelatihan dan sosialisasi penilaian kinerja. Kata Kunci: Perceived Organizational Suppor; Employee Engagement, Penilaian Kinerja.

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Effect of an education program, risk assessment checklist and prevention protocol on violence against emergency department nurses: A single center before and after study

International Emergency Nursing ◽

10.1016/j.ienj.2019.100813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 100813

Author(s):

Salar Sharifi ◽

Roonak Shahoei ◽

Bijan Nouri ◽

Roger Almvik ◽

Sina Valiee

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Education Program ◽

Single Center ◽

Emergency Department Nurses ◽

Before And After ◽

Prevention Protocol ◽

Before And After Study

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Robust Inferences from a Before-and-After Study with Multiple Unaffected Control Groups

Journal of Causal Inference ◽

10.1515/jci-2012-0010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 209-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pengyuan Wang ◽

Mikhail Traskin ◽

Dylan S. Small

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Control Groups ◽

Two Stage ◽

Time Effects ◽

Unaffected Control ◽

Group Time ◽

Before And After ◽

Group Variation ◽

The Impact ◽

Before And After Study

AbstractThe before-and-after study with multiple unaffected control groups is widely applied to study treatment effects. The current methods usually assume that the control groups’ differences between the before and after periods, i.e. the group time effects, follow a normal distribution. However, there is usually no strong a priori evidence for the normality assumption, and there are not enough control groups to check the assumption. We propose to use a flexible skew-t distribution family to model group time effects, and consider a range of plausible skew-t distributions. Based on the skew-t distribution assumption, we propose a robust-t method to guarantee nominal significance level under a wide range of skew-t distributions, and hence make the inference robust to misspecification of the distribution of group time effects. We also propose a two-stage approach, which has lower power compared to the robust-t method, but provides an opportunity to conduct sensitivity analysis. Hence, the overall method of analysis is to use the robust-t method to test for the overall hypothesized range of shapes of group variation; if the test fails to reject, use the two-stage method to conduct a sensitivity analysis to see if there is a subset of group variation parameters for which we can be confident that there is a treatment effect. We apply the proposed methods to two datasets. One dataset is from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to study the impact of the Mariel Boatlift on Miami unemployment rates between 1979 and 1982.The other dataset contains the student enrollment and grade repeating data in West Germany in the 1960s with which we study the impact of the short school year in 1966–1967 on grade repeating rates.

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