English and Spanish

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Global English ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Language Typology ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
World Languages ◽  
The Us ◽  
Contact Language

This volume compares the evolution and current status of two of the world's major languages, English and Spanish. Parallel chapters trace the emergence of Global English and Spanish and their current status, covering aspects such as language and dialect contact, language typology, norm development in pluricentric languages, and identity construction. Case studies look into the use of English and Spanish on the internet, investigate mixed and alternating lects, as well as ongoing change in Spanish-speaking minorities in the US. The volume thus contributes to current theoretical debates and provides fresh empirical data. While offering an in-depth treatment of the evolution of English and Spanish to the reader, this book introduces the driving factors and the effects of the emergence of world languages in general and is relevant for researchers and students of sociolinguistics, historical linguistics, and typology alike.

scholarly journals ИНОВАЦИОННИ ПРОЦЕСИ В СЪВРЕМЕННАТА ГРАМАТИКА НА АНГЛИЙСКИЯ ЕЗИК (С ОГЛЕД НА ТЕХНИТЕ ВЪЗМОЖНИ ПАРАЛЕЛИ В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК) / PROCESSES OF INNOVATION IN PRESENT-DAY ENGLISH GRAMMAR (IN VIEW OF THEIR POSSIBLE PARALLELS IN BULGARIAN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (PR) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
BORYANA BRATANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Global English ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Language Typology ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Global Language ◽  
English Noun

The paper explores some processes of innovation in present-day English grammar in view of the typological features, the historical development and the present status of English as the language of global communication. Some innovations can be observed within the noun phrase and the verb phrase that have to do mostly with changes in the properties of nouns and verbs in relation to particular grammatical categories. The ana-lysis also focuses on a particular structural pattern of the English noun phrase consisting of a sequence of nouns joined without the use of prepositions. Within a longer time span, a number of innovations can be noticed that are related to the process of grammaticalization. Special emphasis is placed on the tendency towards implicitness and compression of the linguistic expression, which is typical of present-day English. The study also discusses innovations associated with the current status of English as a global language that have to do mostly with the expanded application of grammatical rules and the minimization of exceptions. The most general conclusion of the study highlights the continuous tendency towards the simplification of English grammar in the context of the historical development of the language as well as its present state. Keywords: language typology, innovations in language, present-day English gram-mar, noun phrase, verb phrase, grammaticalization, Global English, English-Bulgarian parallels

Advances In Asthma Care

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Examination Process

Asthma rates in the US have risen during the past 25 years, as have asthma-related morbidity and healthcare costs. Professional organizations involved in asthma care have identified the need to assure that an advanced level of asthma knowledge and skill is available to patients with asthma, their families, and insurers. This need led to development of the certification for asthma educators. The Certified Asthma Educator (AE-C) must meet specific clinical criteria and pass a standardized examination designed to evaluate knowledge and skill for providing competent asthma education and coordination. The development and current status of the Certified Asthma Educator examination process and content are discussed, as are goals of the certification

scholarly journals IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION UNDER THE ICH GUIDELINES ON THE CONDUCT OF REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIES-REPORT ON CURRENT STATUS IN JAPAN, EUROPE AND THE US BY QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi MINESHIMA ◽  
Yoshihiko ENDO ◽  
Hiroyuki OGASAWARA ◽  
Keiji NISHIGAKI ◽  
Toshiaki NUMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals NIH Funding for Surgeon-Scientists in the US: What Is the Current Status?

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-274.e2
Author(s):  
Lindsay A. Demblowski ◽  
Brad Busse ◽  
George Santangelo ◽  
Andrew M. Blakely ◽  
Patricia L. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nih Funding

scholarly journals Virgo and Gravitational-Wave Computing in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07050
Author(s):  
Stefano Bagnasco
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Observational Period ◽  
Compact Binaries ◽  
The Third ◽  
Compact Binary ◽  
Continuous Waves ◽  
The Us ◽  
Wave Event

Advanced Virgo is an interferometer for the detection of gravitational waves at the European Gravitational Observatory in Italy. Along with the two Advanced LIGO interferometers in the US, Advanced Virgo is being used to collect data from astrophysical sources such as compact binary coalescences and is currently running the third observational period, collecting gravitational wave event candidates at a rate of more than once per week. Data from the interferometer are processed by running search pipelines for several expected signals, from coalescing compact binaries to continuous waves and burst events. Furthermore, detector characterisation studies are run. Some of the processing needs to be done with low latency, to be able to provide triggers for other observatories and make multi-messenger observations possible. Deep searches are run offline on external computing centres. Thus, data needs also to be reliably and promptly distributed from the EGO site to computer centres in Europe and the US for further analysis and archival storage. Two of the defining characteristics of Virgo computing are the heterogeneity of the activities and the need to interoperate with LIGO. A very wide array of analysis pipelines differing in scientific target, implementation details and running environment assumptions have to be allowed to run ubiquitously and uniformly on dedicated resources and, in perspective, on heterogeneous infrastructures. The current status, possible strategies and outlook of Virgo computing are discussed.

scholarly journals Current status of porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) in European pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Marta Antas ◽  
Grzegorz Woźniakowski
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a highly contagious and devastating enteric disease of pigs caused by porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Alphacoronavirus genus of the Coronaviridae family. The disease is clinically similar to other forms of porcine gastroenteritis. Pigs are the only known host of the disease, and the occurrence of PED in wild boars is unknown. The virus causes acute diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality in suckling piglets reaching 100%. Heavy economic losses in the pig-farming industry were sustained in the USA between 2013 and 2015 when PEDV spread very quickly and resulted in epidemics. The loss in the US pig industry has been estimated at almost seven million pigs. The purpose of this review is a description of the current status of porcine epidemic diarrhoea in European pigs and the risk presented by the introduction of PEDV to Poland in comparison to the epidemics in the USA.

scholarly journals Advances In Asthma Care

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Chris Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Examination Process

Asthma rates in the US have risen during the past 25 years, as have asthma-related morbidity and healthcare costs. Professional organizations involved in asthma care have identified the need to assure that an advanced level of asthma knowledge and skill is available to patients with asthma, their families, and insurers. This need led to development of the certification for asthma educators. The Certified Asthma Educator (AE-C) must meet specific clinical criteria and pass a standardized examination designed to evaluate knowledge and skill for providing competent asthma education and coordination. The development and current status of the Certified Asthma Educator examination process and content are discussed, as are goals of the certification.

scholarly journals World Citizens: Pathways for the Development of Eco-Citizenship in Higher Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Domon
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
World Languages ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations

It is time that universities reexamine what is meant by globalization. Contemporary researchers in science and the humanities (Critchley, Chomsky, Mumford, Ostrom, Eisenstein, Ferry, Orr, Shiva, Klein, Margulis, Meadows, Capra and Tolba, just to name a few) have aptly redefined the concept of « world » as a biological and cultural ecosystem. This paper seeks ways to integrate the theory and practice of eco-citizenship into various cross-disciplinary aspects of higher education, with a focus on curricular adjustments that may be steered by World Languages and Cultures programs. While "global citizenship" is still often understood today as a form of supranational citizenship that may find its actualization through the valuable, yet often arrested efforts of the United Nations, or as the individualistic result of a neoliberal economic emancipation of markets and capital throughout the world, this notion must rather be embedded within a radically cultural, natural and ethical bedrock from which a more potent world citizenry will stem. Departments of World Languages and Cultures and cultures are ideally positioned in the academic landscape to foster the development of a greater eco-civic and biospheric awareness that can permeate new curricular orientations of universities in the US and abroad.

The image of the library through the eyes of immigrant and migrant readers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Dali
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Cultural Image ◽  
Functional Image ◽  
Library Users ◽  
The Us ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeDrawing on the survey of Spanish-speaking immigrant and migrant readers in Canada and the US, this study pursues three goals: (1) examine the image of the library held by these readers and trace the change of this image after the international migration; (2) use the study findings to revise and update the currently existing typologies of the image of the library; and (3) understand ethical and effective research practices in the studies of immigrant/migrant communities whereby researchers are external to communities in question.Design/methodology/approachThe data about immigrant/migrant readers were collected through a self-administered survey questionnaire that was available both in print and electronically, both in Spanish and English. The data analysis was guided by hermeneutic phenomenology, as explicated in the article. Theoretical examination of the image of the library relied on the earlier typology developed by V. Stelmakh.FindingsThe study elucidates perceptions of libraries and librarians in both North America and countries of origin held by Spanish-speaking immigrant/migrant readers, and highlights changes that occur in the image of the library as readers move across geographic borders. Building on the empirical data, the article develops a new typology of the image of the library. It also offers insight into ethical and effective ways of engaging with immigrant communities that should be upheld by researchers from outside the communities in question.Originality/valueIt is the first known study that systematically traces the changes in the image of the library which occur alongside geographic and sociocultural migrations. It is also the first known study that focuses specifically on readers rather than library users in general. The new typology consists of four different elements – the cultural image; the functional image; the humanistic image; and the ideological image of the library – and is accompanied by detailed definitions of each.

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