Hunter-Gatherer Mobility and Versatility: A Consideration of Long-Term Lithic Supply in the Midwest

Hunter-gatherer societies held sway in midwestern North America for at least 11,000 years. Those at the end of this period were more complex and less mobile, and they supported larger populations than those at the beginning, but there are relatively few general conceptions as to when and how this took place. Here we examine the fit of gradual, one-way social change as it relates to the size and shape of lithic supply zones for Upper Mercer and Flint Ridge flint as well as the inflow of exotic materials. Our results show no singular cline either in the size of successive lithic supply zones or in the inflow of exotic materials. Hunter-gatherer societies can make remarkable behavioral changes through time and not necessarily in any consistent (unilineal) direction. Such differences impose more contingency—and less directionality—into particular historical sequences.

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Sophistry, Security, and Socio-Political Structures in the American Revolution; or, Why Jamaica did not Rebel

The Historical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0018246x00018768 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 319-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

T. R. Clayton

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

British Empire ◽

American Revolution ◽

North American ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

American Colonies ◽

Constitutional Principle ◽

Mother Country ◽

Political Structures

Britain's most important American colonies did not rebel in 1776. Thirteen provinces did declare their independence; but no fewer than nineteen colonies in the western hemisphere remained loyal to the mother country. Massachusetts and Virginia may have led the American revolution, but they had never been the leading colonies of the British empire. From the imperial standpoint, the significance of any of the thirteen provinces which rebelled was pale in comparison with that of Jamaica or Barbados. In the century before 1763 the recalcitrance of these two colonies had been more notorious than that of any mainland province and had actually inspired many of the imperial policies cited as long-term grievances by North American patriots in 1774. Real Whig ideology, which some historians have seen as the key to understanding the American revolution, was equally understood by Caribbean elites who, like the continental, had often proved extremely sensitive on questions of constitutional principle. Attacks of ‘frenzied rhetoric’ broke out in Jamaica in 1766 and Barbados in 1776. But these had nothing whatsoever to do with the Stamp Act or events in North America.

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Defining Long-term Outcomes With Living Donor Liver Transplantation in North America

Annals of Surgery ◽

10.1097/sla.0000000000001383 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 262 (3) ◽

pp. 465-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Kim M. Olthoff ◽

Abigail R. Smith ◽

Michael Abecassis ◽

Talia Baker ◽

Jean C. Emond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

North America ◽

Living Donor ◽

Living Donor Liver Transplantation ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Donor Liver ◽

Donor Liver Transplantation

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Reframing Aging in Contemporary Politics: Building Momentum

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2370 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 681-681

Author(s):

Patricia D'Antonio

Keyword(s):

Social Change ◽

Older People ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Attitudes And Behaviors ◽

Contemporary Politics ◽

Perceptions Of Aging ◽

The Many ◽

Changing Attitudes

Abstract Changing American culture is challenging and changing attitudes and behaviors around the universal experience of aging especially so. Unless the field of advocates who care about aging issues cultivates a more visible, more informed conversation on older people, it will remain difficult to advance the systemic changes needed to adjust to a society with increased and increasing longevity. Advocates will need to be vigilant to avoid cueing negative attitudes towards aging and aging policies. The Reframing Aging Initiative is a long-term, social change endeavor designed to improve the public’s understanding of what aging means and the many contributions older people bring to society. Using evidence-based research, the initiative seeks to teach advocates how to tell an effective story about aging that will promote positive perceptions of aging and reduce ageism. The time to change the conversation is now.

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Climatological and statistical characteristics of the Haines Index for North America

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf06086 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Julie A. Winkler ◽

Brian E. Potter ◽

Dwight F. Wilhelm ◽

Ryan P. Shadbolt ◽

Krerk Piromsopa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Spatial Variability ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Statistical Characteristics ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Extensive Analysis ◽

Temperature And Humidity ◽

Humidity Measurements ◽

Operational Tool

The Haines Index is an operational tool for evaluating the potential contribution of dry, unstable air to the development of large or erratic plume-dominated wildfires. The index has three variants related to surface elevation, and is calculated from temperature and humidity measurements at atmospheric pressure levels. To effectively use the Haines Index, fire forecasters and managers must be aware of the climatological and statistical characteristics of the index for their location. However, a detailed, long-term, and spatially extensive analysis of the index does not currently exist. To meet this need, a 40-year (1961–2000) climatology of the Haines Index was developed for North America. The climatology is based on gridded (2.5° latitude × 2.5° longitude) temperature and humidity fields from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. The climatology illustrates the large spatial variability in the Haines Index both within and between regions using the different index variants. These spatial variations point to the limitations of the index and must be taken into account when using the Haines Index operationally.

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The Effects of Long‐Term Land‐Use Change on Soil Properties in Perth, Ontario Canada

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.8271 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Trina Stephens

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

North America ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Topographic Gradients

Land‐use change can have a major impact on soil properties, leading to long‐term changes in soilnutrient cycling rates and carbon storage. While a substantial amount of research has been conducted onland‐use change in tropical regions, empirical evidence of long‐term conversion of forested land toagricultural land in North America is lacking. Pervasive deforestation for the sake of agriculturethroughout much of North America is likely to have modified soil properties, with implications for theglobal climate. Here, we examined the response of physical, chemical and biological soil properties toconversion of forest to agricultural land (100 years ago) on Roebuck Farm near Perth, Ontario, Canada.Soil samples were collected at three sites from under forest and agricultural vegetative cover on bothhigh‐ and low‐lying topographic positions (12 locations in total; soil profile sampled to a depth of 40cm).Our results revealed that bulk density, pH, and nitrate concentrations were all higher in soils collectedfrom cultivate sites. In contrast, samples from forested sites exhibited greater water‐holding capacity,porosity, organic matter content, ammonia concentrations and cation exchange capacity. Many of these characteristics are linked to greater organic matter abundance and diversity in soils under forestvegetation as compared with agricultural soils. Microbial activity and Q10 values were also higher in theforest soils. While soil properties in the forest were fairly similar across topographic gradients, low‐lyingpositions under agricultural regions had higher bulk density and organic matter content than upslopepositions, suggesting significant movement of material along topographic gradients. Differences in soilproperties are attributed largely to increased compaction and loss of organic matter inputs in theagricultural system. Our results suggest that the conversion of forested land cover to agriculture landcover reduces soil quality and carbon storage, alters long‐term site productivity, and contributes toincreased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.

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Theorizing media, communication and social change: towards a processual approach

Media Culture & Society ◽

10.1177/0163443718810926 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 482-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sabina Mihelj ◽

James Stanyer

Keyword(s):

Social Change ◽

Social Order ◽

Media Communication ◽

Shared Language ◽

Agent Of Change ◽

Media And Communication ◽

Conceptual Language ◽

Processual Approach

Debates about the role of media and communication in social change are central to our discipline, yet advances in this field are hampered by disciplinary fragmentation, a lack of shared conceptual language and limited understanding of long-term shifts in the field. To address this, we first develop a typology that distinguishes between approaches that foreground the role of media and communication as an agent of change, and approaches that treat media and communication as an environment for change. We then use this typology to identify key trends in the field since 1951, including the sharp downturn in work focusing on economic aspects of change after 1985, the decline of grand narratives of social change since 2000 and the parallel return to media effects. We conclude by outlining the key traits of a processual approach to social change, which has the capacity to offer the basis for shared language in the field. This language can enable us to think of media, communication and social change across its varied temporal and social planes, and link together the processes involved in the reproduction of status quo with fundamental changes to social order.

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Changing forest water yields in response to climate warming: results from long‐term experimental watershed sites across North America

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/gcb.12615 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 3191-3208 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Irena F. Creed ◽

Adam T. Spargo ◽

Julia A. Jones ◽

Jim M. Buttle ◽

Mary B. Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Climate Warming

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Some General Principles of Crop Rotation Experiments

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700014265 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 187-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

D. A. Preece

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Design Principle ◽

Review Paper ◽

Good Practice ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Agricultural Experiment ◽

The Subject ◽

General Statistical

SUMMARYThis review paper deals with some of the general statistical principles of crop rotation experiments. The basic terminology of the subject is defined. Attention is paid to the fundamental design principle that each phase of a rotation should each year be present in an experiment involving that rotation. The inclusion of ‘auxiliary’ treatments - usually fertilizer treatments - is discussed. Consideration is given to matters influencing the choice of size and shape of plots. The statistician's role in planning a rotation experiment is portrayed as onerous. Emphasis is put on the importance of care and good practice in the management of a long-term agricultural experiment. Complications arising in the statistical analysis of data from a rotation trial are sketched.

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