scholarly journals What the past suggests about future development of ecosystem service values applicable to USDA agricultural program evaluations

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
LeRoy T. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Program Evaluations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Program Benefit

Much of the research on ecosystem service values (ESVs) has limited applicability to USDA program benefit analyses, largely because the models/data/results (1) lack spatial breadth and hence cannot be applied in national analyses of USDA programs, and (2) do not link land use changes to the changes in ESs. This article provides an overview of a set of 15 ESVs related to agriculture's impacts on erosion in order to identify (1) weaknesses in methods, data, and assumptions that limit the quality of the ESVs and means of avoiding such weaknesses in future ESV development, and (2) approaches that might improve the reliability and spatial resolution of future ESV estimates.

scholarly journals Suitable Land-Use and Land-Cover Allocation Scenarios to Minimize Sediment and Nutrient Loads into Kwan Phayao, Upper Ing Watershed, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10430
Author(s):  
Jiraporn Kulsoontornrat ◽  
Suwit Ongsomwang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Svm Algorithm ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
S Model

Human activity and land-use changes have affected the water quality of Kwan Phayao, Upper Ing watershed, due to the associated high sediment load and eutrophication. This study aims to identify suitable LULC allocation scenarios for minimizing sediment and nutrient export into the lake. For this purpose, the LULC status and change were first assessed, based on classified LULC data in 2009 and 2019 from Landsat images, using the SVM algorithm. Later, the land requirements of three scenarios between 2020 and 2029 were estimated, based on their characteristics, and applied to predict LULC change using the CLUE-S model. Then, actual LULC data in 2019 and predicted LULC data under three scenarios between 2020 and 2029 were used to estimate sediment and nutrient export using the SDR and NDR models. Finally, the ecosystem service change index identified a suitable LULC allocation for minimizing sediment or/and nutrient export. According to the results, LULC status and change indicated perennial trees and orchards, para rubber, and rangeland increased, while forest land and paddy fields decreased. The land requirements of the three scenarios provided reasonable results, as expected, particularly Scenario II, which adopts linear programming to calculate the land requirements for maximizing ecosystem service values. For sediment and nutrient export estimation under the predicted LULC for the three scenarios, Scenario II led to the lowest yield of sediment and nutrient exports, and provided the lowest average ESCI value among the three scenarios. Thus, the LULC allocation under Scenario II was chosen as suitable for minimizing sediment or/and nutrient export into Kwan Phayao. These results can serve as crucial information to minimize sediment and nutrient loads for land-use planners, land managers, and decision makers.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Xuege Wang ◽  
Fengqin Yan ◽  
Yinwei Zeng ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Bin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Farmland Loss ◽  
The World

Extensive urbanization around the world has caused a great loss of farmland, which significantly impacts the ecosystem services provided by farmland. This study investigated the farmland loss due to urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China from 1980 to 2018 based on multiperiod datasets from the Land Use and Land Cover of China databases. Then, we calculated ecosystem service values (ESVs) of farmland using valuation methods to estimate the ecosystem service variations caused by urbanization in the study area. The results showed that 3711.3 km2 of farmland disappeared because of urbanization, and paddy fields suffered much higher losses than dry farmland. Most of the farmland was converted to urban residential land from 1980 to 2018. In the past 38 years, the ESV of farmland decreased by 5036.7 million yuan due to urbanization, with the highest loss of 2177.5 million yuan from 2000–2010. The hydrological regulation, food production and gas regulation of farmland decreased the most due to urbanization. The top five cities that had the largest total ESV loss of farmland caused by urbanization were Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Shenzhen and Huizhou. This study revealed that urbanization has increasingly become the dominant reason for farmland loss in the GBA. Our study suggests that governments should increase the construction of ecological cities and attractive countryside to protect farmland and improve the regional ESV.

scholarly journals Quantifying and mapping land use changes and regulating ecosystem service potentials in a data-scarce peri-urban region in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Waweru Wangai ◽  
Benjamin Burkhard ◽  
Felix Müller
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Urban Region

scholarly journals Predicting Land Use/Land Cover Changes Using a CA-Markov Model under Two Different Scenarios

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Hamad ◽  
Heiko Balzter ◽  
Kamal Kolo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Trend

Multi-temporal Landsat images from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) acquired in 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) from 2017, are used for analysing and predicting the spatio-temporal distributions of land use/land cover (LULC) categories in the Halgurd-Sakran Core Zone (HSCZ) of the National Park in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The aim of this article was to explore the LULC dynamics in the HSCZ to assess where LULC changes are expected to occur under two different business-as-usual (BAU) assumptions. Two scenarios have been assumed in the present study. The first scenario, addresses the BAU assumption to show what would happen if the past trend in 1993–1998–2003 has continued until 2023 under continuing the United Nations (UN) sanctions against Iraq and particularly Kurdistan region, which extended from 1990 to 2003. Whereas, the second scenario represents the BAU assumption to show what would happen if the past trend in 2003–2008–2017 has to continue until 2023, viz. after the end of UN sanctions. Future land use changes are simulated to the year 2023 using a Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov chain model under two different scenarios (Iraq under siege and Iraq after siege). Four LULC classes were classified from Landsat using Random Forest (RF). Their accuracy was evaluated using κ and overall accuracy. The CA-Markov chain method in TerrSet is applied based on the past trends of the land use changes from 1993 to 1998 for the first scenario and from 2003 to 2008 for the second scenario. Based on this model, predicted land use maps for the 2023 are generated. Changes between two BAU scenarios under two different conditions have been quantitatively as well as spatially analysed. Overall, the results suggest a trend towards stable and homogeneous areas in the next 6 years as shown in the second scenario. This situation will have positive implication on the park.

Seismic anisotropy

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Anisotropy ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Principal Reason ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use

The topic of seismic anisotropy in exploration and exploitation has seen a great deal of progress in the past decade‐and‐a‐half. The principal reason for this is the increased (and increasing) quality of seismic data, of the processing done to it, and of the interpretation expected from it. No longer an academic subject of little practical interest, it is now often viewed as one of the crucial factors which, if not taken into account, severely hampers our effective use of the data. The following brief overview is not intended to be exhaustive, since any such attempt would surely be incomplete. However, it does provide a high‐level survey of the advances seen (at the end of this period) to be important by one who was closely involved, and it directly extrapolates this history to predict the future development of the topic.

The ecosystem service value evaluation of Hotan area based on land use changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
郭亚红，阿布都热合曼·哈力克，魏天宝，木卡达斯·阿不都热合 GUO Yahong
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Ecosystem Service Value ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Value Evaluation

scholarly journals Towards Ecological-Economic Integrity in the Jing-Jin-Ji Regional Development in China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suxiao Li ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Junguo Liu ◽  
Guangchun Lei
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
Development Levels

In China, the regional development policy has been shifting from solely economic orientation to ecologically sound economic growth. Using the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) region as a case study, we evaluated the temporal variations in ecosystem service values (ESVs) associated with land use changes from 1990 to 2015. We analyzed the dynamic relations between ESVs and the economy (indicated by the gross domestic product, GDP) by introducing the elasticity indicator (EI), which reflects the growth synchronism between the two, and the ecosystem service load (ESL), which reflects the ecological efficiency of economic growth. The results showed that the land use changes in Jing-Jin-Ji have been characterized by decreases in water areas, cropland, and grassland and increases in woodland and built-up areas. The ESVs of woodland and water areas contributed to 80% of the total ESV of the region, and the total ESV increased by 13.87% as a result of an area increase in woodland (26.87%). The average EI of Jing-Jin-Ji improved from 0.028 to 0.293 over the study period, indicating that the growth of ESVs was being balanced with the growth in the GDP. The average ESL decreased by 1.24, suggesting a significant improvement in ecological efficiency per unit GDP. Within the Jing-Jin-Ji region, large disparities in EI and ESL were shown to exist among Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei owing to their differences in ecological resources, GDP compositions, and development levels. The study highlights the needs to reinforce woodland and water conservation, adjust economic structures, and balance the intraregional development to achieve the ecological-economic integrity of the region.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use Changes and Dynamic Vegetation Changes on Vascular Flora Diversity in Małków–Bartochów (the Warta River Valley)

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Woziwoda ◽  
Dorota Michalska-Hejduk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Flora Diversity

The paper presents the changes of vascular plant flora in the Małków–Bartochów peatland area (the Warta River valley) which took place over a 40-year period. Vanishing, permanent and new components of the flora are presented with a special focus on valuable (protected by the law, threatened and locally rare) species. Changes in the share of ecological groups are estimated and discussed. Anthropogenic and natural factors, directly or indirectly influencing (in the past and at present) flora composition, are noted and analyzed.

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