Legitimation of Illegality in Authoritarian States: The Case of Transnational Illegal Drug Brokerage in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Lantian Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Media

Abstract This paper analyzes how illegality can be legitimized in authoritarian states by examining a contested case of transnational illegal drug brokerage in China. Triangulating news articles, legal documents, and interviews, the study distinguishes between two pathways of illegality legitimation: depoliticized and politicized. I argue that the depoliticized pathway is made possible through pragmatic, moral, and legalistic frames, whereas the politicized pathway builds upon an institutional frame. I also identify the media as essential agents of illegality legitimation. While illegal-practice participants and the legal authority tend to only mobilize depoliticized frames, the media make both depoliticized and politicized efforts. Through this in-depth analysis, the paper deepens our understanding of the social construction of illegality and the intricate relation between law, media, and society within authoritarian states.

Images of Old Age in the Hong Kong Print Media

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Gibb ◽  
Eleanor Holroyd
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
South China Morning ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Images

AbstractThe present study set out to identify how the experience of being old in Hong Kong is represented through images commonly recurring in the print media. A case is presented for how the media not only reflect social images and views on ageing, but actively participate in the social construction of views about being old. Two newspapers in Hong Kong, the South China Morning Post (English medium) and the Sin Tao (Chinese medium), were surveyed and contents of stories depicting old age were analyzed, using a qualitative and quantitative methodological design. Dominant amongst the themes was vulnerability in old age. Newspapers used stories according to journalistic formulae to present both negative and positive depictions of old age; however, positive stories carried a sense of the exceptional rather than ordinary life. Results were analysed through a comparison between the two Hong Kong newspapers as well as a comparison with a similar study undertaken on the Australian print media.

scholarly journals Representasi Pembawa Acara Program Talk Show di Televisi Indonesia

Humaniora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Rahmat Edi Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Television Station ◽  
Talk Show ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Media ◽  
Talk Show Host

Presentation of talk show host program has been known to be intelligent, smart, and is able to direct the conversation in the program well. The presentation is in line with the view of talk show programs packed seriously as a journalistic genre program with emphasis on the truth of the facts or information conveyed. However, in recent years there are different representations associated with the talk show host of the program. The representation shows that a talk show host is not such intelligent and smart, and is not able to direct the conversation in the program properly. The existence of this representation is consistent with the theory of social construction assuming that mass media play a major role in shaping the social reality in the society. As of this writing, the audience receives social reality as a representation. Like the previous presentation, as the television has broadcasted for a long time, people feel that the reality is normative and ideal conditions for them. Public realize that the social reality was only the reconstruction of the television when TV presents a representation of another social reality. Nevertheless, whatever the social reality that is deliberately made or reconstructed by the media, including television, in fact everything is a reality that is deliberately created just for the sake of the manager or owner of the television station.  

scholarly journals Political Choice or Educated Conservatism: The Social construction of Daegu identity and the media

2013 ◽  
Vol null (28) ◽  
pp. 5-46
Author(s):  
김성해 ◽  
Byung-Wook Lee ◽  
Ha-Weon Hong ◽  
Hyun-Shik Park
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Political Choice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

scholarly journals Islamic Peril

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
Laurent Bonnefoy
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Relations Of Power

At the junction of history, international relations, political science, andcommunication studies, Karim H. Karim’s Islamic Peril provides seriousand in-depth research on the media coverage of violence involving Muslimindividuals and groups. This updated edition of the book, first published in2000, adds a preface and an afterword that briefly account for 9/11 and itsaftermath. While studying the construction of Islam as the primary “Other”in Canada’s main print media since the beginning of the 1980s, the authorargues that the numerous (mis)representations and stereotypes of Muslimsare based on a lack of religious, sociological, political, and historicalknowledge rather than on what Karim calls a “centrally organized journalisticconspiracy against Islam” (p. 4).The author concentrates on the construction, flow, and reproductionof globally dominant interpretations through relations of power and dominationbetween the North and the South, but also inside the North’s media.His focus on journalism’s internal mechanisms (e.g., dependence on alimited number of sources, the need for simplification, and the clash ofinterests between information and business) and the wider sociopoliticaldomination processes (e.g., the end of the cold war or unipolarity) preventsthe analysis from being overtly simplistic and adopting a victimmentality. The author does not just highlight the (mis)representations; healso tries to analyze them. His approach is optimistic, for it implies thereis no fatality in reproducing stigmatization and stereotypes.Karim studies what could be called the “Islamization of representations”:the social construction of the linkage between facts of violence thatare historically and sociologically rooted and the notion of Islam as anessence. His analysis does not revolutionise the approach toward discourseson Islam, for one can feel how much he was influenced by the ...

The migration–terrorism nexus: An analysis of German and Italian press coverage of the ‘refugee crisis’

2020 ◽  
pp. 147737081989621
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Galantino
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Sociological Approaches

Over the last few years, terrorist attacks in European cities, together with the so-called ‘refugee crisis’, have (re)ignited a debate on whether there is an association between the two issues. Drawing on sociological approaches to risk and uncertainty, I claim that the discursive construction of causal linkages connecting refugees and migrants to terrorist activities is a fundamental passage in the process of social construction of migration as a threat. To identify the terrorism–migration linkages constructed in/through the media, this article examines the coverage of migration issues in two Italian and two German newspapers in 2015 and 2016, combining computer-assisted and qualitative content analysis. My findings reveal, firstly, how and in what circumstances the discourse on the terrorism threat is conflated with the discourse on migration. Then, the in-depth analysis of causal links in the coverage of four main terror attacks in Europe shows the predominance of a chain of causation linking terrorism to new migrants and refugees. Given the limited empirical research informing the debate over the migration–terrorism nexus, this study contributes to a better understanding of the process of social construction of migrants as threat objects.

scholarly journals Mediasi Massal Terorisme: Pengantar Critical Terrorism Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aly Ashghor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
National Security ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Global Terrorism ◽  
Terrorism Discourse

This paper is a development of research conducted by the Center for National Security Studies (Puskamnas) Bhayangkara University of Jakarta on a map of global terrorism obtained from coverage of 56 (fifty six) online mass media in the world throughout the year 2017. Mass mediation of terrorism is a critical effort and a reflective way in trying to understand the practice and the articulation of the terrorism discourse in the world, especially on how the media enters and enlivens the practice of terrorism concept. This paper shows that the social construction of terrorism tends to be influenced by the Western mass media. In the construction of the mass media, the notion of terrorism today is the product of the discourse of the Western mass media. The dominance of the Western mass mediation terrorism resulted in the construction of terrorism discourse associated with the movement of Islamism and Communism. The mass mediation of terrorism demonstrates by Israeli atrocities against Palestinians tend to disregard aas acts of state terrorism. Threfore, the implication of state-centrist terrorism in counter terrorism policies are more oriented towards national security than human security.

scholarly journals 'She knew he would murder her’

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revital Sela-Shayovitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Intimate Femicide

The media play a central role in the social construction of intimate femicide, and therefore the news coverage of femicide can contribute to social awareness and the response policies of institutions which deal with this crime. The current study analyses the differences in Israeli newspapers’ framing of femicide committed by members of ethnic groups between the years 2005-2014. The analysis shows that the social construction of intimate femicide reflects the intersection between gender, social class and ethnic origin. The findings suggest that news coverage fills a key role in the perpetuation of the structure of dominance, gender and social class, and that the overall coverage of femicide is mainly episodic and described in personalized terms, rather than within a thematic frame. This study provides new insight into the media’s role in shaping the social denial of this crime, and sheds light on how the prevalent discourse inhibits participants from taking responsibility.

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