scholarly journals Tyrolean stigmata in England: the cross-cultural voyage of the Catholic supernatural, 1841–1848

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 619-642
Author(s):  
Kristof Smeyers ◽  
Leonardo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Transnational History ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Controversial Subject ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
History Of Institutions

This article considers the transcultural dynamic between English Catholicism and mainland Europe in the early 1840s through the lens of the reception of two famous Tyrolean women bearing the stigmata. After the publication of the account of their supernatural qualities by John Talbot, sixteenth Earl of Shrewsbury, Waterford, and Wexford they became the controversial subject of the heated debates on the nature of English and universal Catholicism, and by extension on the nature of religiosity at large. This article argues that adopting a transnational approach to the study of supernatural phenomena within Catholicism in the 1830s and 1840s allows us to look beyond the history of institutions and key figures in the polemic, and to shed light on more nuanced religious and devotional interactions between the British Isles and the Continent. As such this article also argues for the inclusion of supernatural phenomena in the transnational history of English Catholicism.

The Beginnings of Mass Communication: A Transnational History

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Simonson ◽  
Junya Morooka ◽  
Bingjuan Xiong ◽  
Nathan Bedsole
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Transnational History ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
World War ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Mass communication was one of the central signs through which communication research constituted itself in the post-World War II era. An American term, it indexed and communicatively advanced the problematization of media that took shape from the 1920s onward. Recently, scholars have debated the term’s continued relevance, typically without awareness of its history or international contexts of use. To provide needed background and enrich efforts to globalize the field, we offer a transnational history of mass communication, illuminating the sociological, cultural, and geopolitical dynamics of its emergence, dissemination, and reception. Mapping locations of its adoption, adaption, and rejection across world regions, we offer a methodology and a historical narrative to shed light on the early globalization of the field and lines of power and resistance that shaped it. We show how the term carries a residue of postwar American hegemony, and argue for greater reflexive awareness of our vocabularies of inquiry.

scholarly journals The Active Life and the Contemplative Life in St. John of the Cross: The Mixed Life in the Teresian Carmelite Tradition

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Serrán-Pagán y Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Active Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
John Of The Cross ◽  
Contemplative Life ◽  
Shed Light

The prophetic and the mystical are two key theological concepts in St. John of the Cross. The aim of this article is precisely to shed light on the essential role that St. John of the Cross played in the history of Christianity by acknowledging the prophetic and the mystical dimensions of his life testimonies and writings. The notion of prophetic mysticism is not altogether foreign to the Carmelite tradition, especially following the prophetic example of Elijah. This article will then explore the intrinsic relationship that exists between the active life (Martha) and the contemplative life (Mary) in St. John of the Cross and in the Teresian Carmelite tradition.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Variation in the Use of Hedges and Boosters in Academic Discourse

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Dontcheva-Navratilova
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Rhetorical Structure ◽  
Rate Distribution ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Target Readership ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Hedges and boosters are important metadiscoursal devices contributing to the construal of persuasion in academic discourse as they enable academic writers to distinguish facts from opinions, evaluate the views of others and convey a different degree of commitment to their assertions (cf. Hyland 1998a, Hyland 2004, 2005). This study explores cross-cultural variation in the use of lexical hedges and boosters in the academic discourse of non-native writers. The study is carried out on a specialized corpus of linguistics research articles published in the international journal Applied Linguistics and the national Czech English-medium journal Discourse and Interaction. The main purpose of the cross-cultural investigation is to analyze variation in the rate, distribution and choice of hedges and boosters across the rhetorical structure of research articles in order to shed light on ways in which Anglophone and Czech writers express different degrees of commitment in their assertions when striving to persuade their target readership to accept their views and claims.

On Memory, Transmission and the Practice of Building in the Crusader Mediterranean

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 481-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Architectural Knowledge

Abstract Memory played a key role in the cross-cultural transmission of medieval architectural knowledge amongst patrons, designers, ateliers and audiences from different religious, cultural and architectural traditions. Two aspects of architectural memory are here posited as playing a role in the dissemination of architectural forms and styles: a “cultural memory” that evoked specific, earlier sites of ideological or other significance to patrons; and a “pragmatic memory” of learned, practical skills that was transmitted amongst masons themselves. These interlocking yet distinct aspects of memory in architecture are not unique to cross-cultural transmission, but they had particular impact when deployed by patrons and masons across physical or conceptual borders. Whether introduced by practical means or for associative reasons, new forms further moved across regions with artisans, who proffered (and learned) new modes of working while traveling. Examination of the Cistercian Monastery of Zaraka in Stymphalia, Greece and other churches of the thirteenth-century, post-Crusade Peloponnese and greater Eastern Mediterranean demonstrate how both aspects of architectural memory can be read in the physical architectural record. This methodology also re-inscribes masons into a history of the cross-cultural creative process, showing that builders were vital in the processes of transmitting and interpreting forms.

The Divided History of Dugong Oil: The Cross-Cultural Circulation of an Indigenous Medicine in 1940s Queensland

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-43
Author(s):  
Veronika Folkmanova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Indigenous Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross

Roots of the Two Sides of Kamakhya

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo E. Rosati
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Blended Spaces ◽  
Shed Light

The shrine of Kamakhya (Assam) was supposed to be the eminent yogini-pitha. Inside the sanctum of Kamakhya a yoni (vulva) stone is concealed as the main cultic image of the Goddess, which Kaulism identified as the 'mouth of the yoginis'. This article analyses the symbolism related to the Tantric cult of the yoni and its historical evolution through the combined lens of History of Religions and Cognitive Science of Religions. Kamakhya thus emerges as a hyper-blended space, whose origin should be tracked down to the intersection of death symbolism related to the non-Brahmanic cult of Heruka and his retinue of yoginis and the Kaula erotic reformation of the cult of the yoginis. Therefore, the yoginis played a fundamental role in the construction of Kamakhya--as either a caring mother or as a dreadful mother--conveying other blended spaces to the yoni metonymic symbol. Hence, this article aims, through the analysis and interrelation of textual, epigraphic and material evidence, to debate the dialectic between eros and thanatos in order to shed light on the overlap, superimposition and blend of trans- and cross-cultural elements in the multifarious goddess Kamakhya.

scholarly journals The Quaternary evolutionary history of Bristol rock cress (Arabis scabra, Brassicaceae), a Mediterranean element with an outpost in the north-western Atlantic region

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus A Koch ◽  
Johanna Möbus ◽  
Clara A Klöcker ◽  
Stephanie Lippert ◽  
Laura Ruppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
British Isles ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Distinct Gene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Background and Aims Bristol rock cress is among the few plant species in the British Isles considered to have a Mediterranean–montane element. Spatiotemporal patterns of colonization of the British Isles since the last interglacial and after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from mainland Europe are underexplored and have not yet included such floristic elements. Here we shed light on the evolutionary history of a relic and outpost metapopulation of Bristol rock cress in the south-western UK. Methods Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were used to identify distinct gene pools. Plastome assembly and respective phylogenetic analysis revealed the temporal context. Herbarium material was largely used to exemplify the value of collections to obtain a representative sampling covering the entire distribution range. Key Results The AFLPs recognized two distinct gene pools, with the Iberian Peninsula as the primary centre of genetic diversity and the origin of lineages expanding before and after the LGM towards mountain areas in France and Switzerland. No present-day lineages are older than 51 ky, which is in sharp contrast to the species stem group age of nearly 2 My, indicating severe extinction and bottlenecks throughout the Pleistocene. The British Isles were colonized after the LGM and feature high genetic diversity. Conclusions The short-lived perennial herb Arabis scabra, which is restricted to limestone, has expanded its distribution range after the LGM, following corridors within an open landscape, and may have reached the British Isles via the desiccated Celtic Sea at about 16 kya. This study may shed light on the origin of other rare and peculiar species co-occurring in limestone regions in the south-western British Isles.

scholarly journals Analyzing Cross-Cultural Writing Differences using Contrastive Rhetoric: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Badar Almuhailib
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Contrastive Rhetoric ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Shed Light

This paper presents a critical review of the cross-cultural writing styles in the light of contrastive rhetoric approach established by Kaplan in 1966. Although Kaplan compared different writing styles depending on the culture each language was attached to, his comparison was criticized by some scholars the prominent one of which is Conor 1996. Advantages and disadvantages of the approach being utilized to find the cultural influences in L2 writing was discussed detail. Further, the implementation of such approach was shed light on, apart from how policy makers would benefit from the approach in teaching the L2 writing skill.

The International Co-operative Alliance and the consumer co-operative movement in northern Europe, c. 1860-1939

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Hilson
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Transnational History ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
World War ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
Consumer Interests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Shed Light

The consumer co-operative movement was one of the most important popular movements in inter-war Europe, but remains under-researched by historians in comparison to other social movements, especially with regard to its international dimensions. From 1895, the co-operative movement also had its own international organisation, the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA). This book explores the transnational history of consumer co-operation from the establishment of the movement in the second half of the nineteenth century to the outbreak of the Second World War, focusing in particular on co-operation in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden). The co-operative movement was especially strong throughout the region and the Nordic co-operative federations played a prominent role in the ICA. The fundamental question explored in the book concerns the meaning of co-operation: was it a social movement or an economic enterprise? Did it aspire to challenge capitalism or to reform it? Did it contain at its heart a political vision for the transformation of society or was it simply a practical guide for organising a business? I argue that it was both, but that an examination of the debates over the different meanings of co-operation can also illuminate broader questions about the emergence of consumer interests in the first half of the twentieth century, especially in a transnational context. Studying the Nordic co-operative movement also helps to shed light on the growing international interest in this region and the emergence of a Nordic “middle way” during the 1930s.

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