Why the World Needs an International Convention on Crimes Against Humanity

2011 ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Odpowiedzialność osób zarządzających w transnarodowych korporacjach w prawie karnym – aspekty międzynarodowe i transnarodowe

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Kamil Boczek
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
The World ◽  
International Laws ◽  
Forced Labour

Owing to increasing globalisation, transnational corporations play an important role in international trade. Those wealthy and very complex entities have a major impact on reality and often engage in activities which involve illegal practices such as the environmental pollution, forced labour and other serious infringement of employees’ right or even crimes against humanity. Carrying on business which is primarily profit-oriented may result in violations of fundamental human rights, if this is required for a corporation to financially exploit a business opportunity. It is difficult in practice to hold these entities and their corporate directors to account. Regulations regarding criminal responsibility of managers of transnational corporations can be found in national and international laws. However, criminal proceedings do not give satisfactory results. The main problem lies in powers, flexibility and close links of those corporations with local authorities. The paper points to different solutions applied throughout the world, and describes the best-known criminal proceedings against corporate managers.

scholarly journals ANALISIS TERHADAP PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO 54 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PELAKSANAAN PENGANGKATAN ANAK DITINJAUDARI PRINSIP NON DISKRIMINASI DALAM KONVENSI HAK ANAK (CONTOH KASUS POLWAN GAGAL ADOPSI ANAK KARENA TERHALANG PERATURAN PEMERINTAH)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Stanley Noer H ◽  
Mulati .
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
The World ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
The Republic

Child is a gift from God Almighty, who inherent in dignity and dignity as a whole person. Children also have human rights recognized by the nation-states in the world. Children's rights are marked by the guarantee of protection and fulfillment of the Rights of the Child in the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia and several provisions of laws and regulations both national and international. This guarantee is upheld through the ratification of the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, namely the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child through Presidential Decree No. 36/1990 on the Ratification of Convention On The Rights Of The Child. In the case that the authors found that there was an adoption of a child who could not be made due to Government Regulation No. 54 of 2007 article 3, paragraph 2 stating that in the case of the origin of the child is unknown, the child's religion is in accordance with the religion of the majority of the local population. With this case, according to the author means there has been discrimination against prospective parents who have good intentions to appoint children because of the constraints of religious differences between parents and prospective children. Whereas in the course of the child is also possible to choose a different religion with the parents' religion. Directly this Government Regulation is contrary to the principle of Non-Discrimination adopted by the Convention on the Rights of the Child

Dubious Premises—Evil Conclusions: Moral Reasoning at the Nuremberg Trials

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDMUND D. PELLEGRINO ◽  
DAVID C. THOMASMA
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Human Experimentation ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Free World ◽  
Military Tribunal ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
Medical Morality ◽  
Nuremberg Trials ◽  
Nazi Physicians

Fifty years ago, 23 Nazi physicians were defendants before a military tribunal in Nuremberg, charged with crimes against humanity. During that trial, the world learned of their personal roles in human experimentation with political and military prisoners, mass eugenic sterilizations, state-ordered euthanasia of the “unfit,” and the program of genocide we now know as the Holocaust. These physicians, and their colleagues who did not stand trial, were universally condemned in the free world as ethical pariahs. The term “Nazi doctor” became the paradigm for total defection from the most rudimentary elements of medical morality. The caduceus literally became the instrument of the swastika.

Research and Design of Ballast System for a Science Icebreaker

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yong ◽  
Ma Jie
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Polar Region ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Ocean Environment ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Research And Design

With the process of industry productions, the polar region which is the last maiden land for human being on the earth is confronted to the environment pollution increasingly. In accordance with the development of green shipbuilding technologies in the world, the ballast system of a science icebreaker should be researched and designed particularly because the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed international legislation, the International Convention for the Control and Management of ships’ ballast water and sediments, to regulate discharges of ballast water and reduce the risk of introducing non-native species from ships’ ballast water. Not only the scientific research icebreaker is ensured to work normally in the polar region, but also the weak ocean environment is protected.

The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, as a Victim-Oriented Treaty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Decaux
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Human ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The chapter is a presentation of the newest international human rights treaty, which entered into force in 2010. It is a very innovative and modern instrument, with a precise definition of the victim of a crime of enforced disappearance, as an autonomous crime, and a broad codification of the ‘right to truth, to justice and to reparation’ enshrined in article 24 of the treaty. As the ILC is working on the draft of an international convention for the prevention of crimes against humanity, it is important to avoid watering down the key legal progress enshrined in the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.

scholarly journals Orang-utans in Captivity

Oryx ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Perry
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The World ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Assistant Director ◽  
Service Commission ◽  
National Zoo ◽  
John Perry

The author examines the age structure of captive orang-utans in zoos and institutions. He shows that, unless breeding success can be achieved with captive-born animals – which so far no zoo in the world has done – zoo numbers will continue to decline, with little hope of replacement from the wild now that the International Convention on Trade in Endangered Species is in operation. John Perry is Assistant Director for Conservation at the National Zoo in Washington, and a Vice-Chairman of the IUCN's Survival Service Commission.

Commentaries & Analyses — Recent Developments in the Biotech Industry in Asia Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
Aldar S. Bourinbaiar
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Biotech Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Convention Center

The BIO 2005 international convention is the largest gathering of the biotech industry in the world. Last year, it was held on June 19-22 inside the behemoth Convention Center in downtown Philadelphia. It brought together 18 730 executives, investors, consultants, lawyers, politicians and scientists from 56 countries. More than 500 media representatives covered the event. Biotechnology research and findings presented by countries in the Asia Pacific region has begun to make a significant impact on these annual BIO gatherings. The achievements of some countries in this region are briefly reviewed.

scholarly journals Jurisdictional Determinants Of Investor-State Dispute Settlement: A Contemporary Critique

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Ali Nawaz Khan ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
Bakht Munir
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Bank Group

International Convention for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) has incorporated a specialized jurisdiction under the auspicious of the World Bank Group. The convention has promulgated a standing offer for the investors of the contracting states to invoke ICSID jurisdiction on the fulfilment of some determinants. ICSID tribunals have amplified the application of these determinants to the extent to overshadow the legitimate rights of sovereign states. The magnification of standards of determinants of investor-state dispute settlement has caused unpredictability of ICSID jurisdiction. Uniform and predictable standards of determinant have the potential to strengthen and promote this mechanism of institutional settlement of investment disputes.

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