scholarly journals Dilated Virchow-Robin Space and Dopamine Transporter Imaging in the Striatum of Patients with Parkinsonism

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dokyung Lee ◽  
Il Ki Hong ◽  
Tae-Beom Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Virchow Robin Space

AbstractObjective: The radiological and clinical significance of a dilated Virchow-Robin space (dVRS) in the striatum (STR) remains unclear. We investigated the role of dVRS in STR on parkinsonism and dopamine transporter positron emission tomography (DaT-PET) findings. Methods: Patients with parkinsonism who underwent both brain magnetic resonance imaging and DaT-PET were included. Clinical status was evaluated by Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage, Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Korea (MoCA-K), and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). dVRS was assessed by semi-quantitative and quantitative scales in each of the three segments of STR (caudate nuclei, anterior and posterior putamen) and was expressed as a dVRS score. DaT-PET was qualitatively assessed as either normal or abnormal in each segment. The relationship between dVRS and DaT-PET abnormality (ab-DaT-PET) was designated in each segment as either concordant or discordant. A concordant segment was defined by the presence of dVRS with ab-DaT-PET [Concordance rate (CR)=number of concordant segments/number of concordant and discordant segments]. Results: Eleven patients were included. There was no significant correlation between the presence of dVRS and ab-DaT-PET. The mean CR was 0.39. CR was not significantly correlated with any clinical or neuroimaging scales. The dVRS score was significantly correlated with K-MMSE, MoCA-K, and FAB (r=−0.675, −0.847, and −0.868, respectively) but not with HY stage. Conclusion: dVRS in STR played no significant role on dopaminergic innervation revealed by DaT-PET and made little contribution to clinical parkinsonism; however, it was correlated with cognitive impairment.

Decreased Thalamic Monoamine Availability in Drug-Induced Parkinsonism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Sang Oh ◽  
Sang-Won Yoo ◽  
Chul Hyoung Lyoo ◽  
Joong-Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging ◽  
Standardized Uptake Values ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Volume Of Interest ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is caused by a dopamine receptor blockade and is a major cause of misleading diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Striatal dopamine activity has been investigated widely in DIP; however, most studies with dopamine transporter imaging have focused on the clinical characteristics and prognosis. This study investigated differences in striatal subregional monoamine availability among patients with DIP, normal controls, and patients with early PD. Thirty-five DIP patients, the same number of age-matched PD patients, and 46 healthy controls were selected for this study. Parkinsonian motor status was examined. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography with 18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2beta-carbon ethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane were performed, and the regional standardized uptake values were analyzed with a volume-of-interest template and compared among the groups. Females were more predominant in the DIP group than in the PD group. Parkinsonian motor symptoms were similar in the DIP and PD groups. Monoamine availability in the thalamus of the DIP group was lower than that of the normal controls and similar to that of the PD group. In other subregions (putamen, globus pallidus, and ventral striatum), monoamine availability in the DIP group and normal controls did not differ and was higher than that in the PD group. These findings suggest that low monoamine availability in the thalamus could be an imaging biomarker of DIP.

Role of dopamine transporter imaging in the diagnosis of atypical tremor disorders

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (S7) ◽  
pp. S22-S27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Marshall ◽  
Donald G. Grosset
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging

The role of dopamine transporter imaging agent [ 99m Tc]TRODAT-1 in hemi-parkinsonism rat brain

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Kung Chen ◽  
Ren-Shyan Liu ◽  
Wen-Sheng Huang ◽  
Shiaw-Pyng Wey ◽  
Gann Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Imaging Agent ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging

Dementia with Lewy bodies versus Alzheimer's disease: Role of dopamine transporter imaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (S7) ◽  
pp. S34-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durval C. Costa ◽  
Zuzana Walker ◽  
Rodney W.H. Walker ◽  
Fl�via R.G. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging

scholarly journals Dopamine Transporter Imaging, Current Status of a Potential Biomarker: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11234
Author(s):  
Giovanni Palermo ◽  
Sara Giannoni ◽  
Gabriele Bellini ◽  
Gabriele Siciliano ◽  
Roberto Ceravolo
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Target Engagement ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Dopamine Transporter Imaging ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Status

A major goal of current clinical research in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the validation and standardization of biomarkers enabling early diagnosis, predicting outcomes, understanding PD pathophysiology, and demonstrating target engagement in clinical trials. Molecular imaging with specific dopamine-related tracers offers a practical indirect imaging biomarker of PD, serving as a powerful tool to assess the status of presynaptic nigrostriatal terminals. In this review we provide an update on the dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging in PD and translate recent findings to potentially valuable clinical practice applications. The role of DAT imaging as diagnostic, preclinical and predictive biomarker is discussed, especially in view of recent evidence questioning the incontrovertible correlation between striatal DAT binding and nigral cell or axon counts.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Eye Blinks ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
High Control ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

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