scholarly journals 2006 Formative evaluation and adaptation of a safe sleep intervention for infants in rural underserved communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
Rosemary Nabaweesi ◽  
Mary Aitken ◽  
Keneshia Bryant-Moore ◽  
Geoffrey M. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Underserved Communities ◽  
Key Informant

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This abstract describes a recently-funded 2 year study that aims to: (1) explore the community advisors’ perspectives of the safe sleep intervention’s acceptability, feasibility, and adaptability using focus groups and key informant interviews. (2) Adapt the selected safe sleep interventions (SSI) and identify promising implementation strategies to support it through an evidence-based quality improvement process with a multistakeholder group. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Background sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) is the leading cause of post-neonatal infant death in the United States. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed account for over 50% of SUID, leading to recommendations for supine sleep position and safer sleep environments for infants. However, despite significant reductions in SIDS after “back to sleep” and “safe to sleep” campaigns, significant racial and urban-rural disparities persist. In 2015, the rural-urban crude death rate ratio was 4:1 and Black infants are twice as likely to die from SUID as White infants. Adherence to safe sleep recommendations is highly variable and a number of hospital and community-based interventions have been suggested to improve knowledge and change parent behavior. Hospital programs to promote safe sleep education and policies may serve to educate families about safe sleep, but may not be uniformly available in rural and underserved areas. The AAP evidence-based safe sleep guidelines have demonstrated reductions in SIDS and SUID when child caregivers adhere to them. Community-based SSI, including safety baby showers, promote safe sleep practices, but barriers may exist for participation, especially in rural areas. Partnering with community groups serving a high risk area, we will explore the barriers and facilitators to more widespread safety baby shower (SBS) delivery/adoption in rural underserved communities (RUC). Observation of the evidence-based SBS as it is currently delivered, focus groups and key informant interviews will be conducted with program leaders and participants. Based on this knowledge and using an evidence-based development process, we will adapt the SBS and identify implementation strategies to support its uptake in RUC. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We expect to develop a modified safe sleep intervention that reaches more expectant and new mothers is more efficient at delivering safe sleep guidelines to rural community members and can be more readily adopted and implemented by RUC. Supporting implementation strategies will be identified during the formative evaluation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Developing a safe sleep intervention adapted for the local context through a collective decision-making process between intervention experts and local community advisors will potentially improve safe sleep guideline delivery and adherence in RUC. The next study will pilot test the effectiveness of the adapted safe sleep intervention with identified supporting implementation strategies.

scholarly journals 3113 Formative Evaluation of a Safety Baby Shower Intervention for Rural African American Parents and Community Advisors

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Rosemary Nabaweesi ◽  
Mary Aitken ◽  
Samantha H. Mullins ◽  
Keneshia Bryant-Moore ◽  
Geoffrey M. Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
African American Parents ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Expectant Mothers

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To explore rural African American parents’ and their community advisors’ perspectives on the Safety Baby Shower’s acceptability, feasibility, and adaptability. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Collaborating with a local community organization, we explored community advisors’ and expectant women’s SBS experiences to understand intervention delivery and adoption in a rural underserved community (RUC). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided our data collection and analysis using focus groups and key informant interviews. We used directed content analysis to generate themes and sub codes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Five focus groups (21 participants) and one key informant interview were conducted. Identified barriers that hinder feasibility and acceptability included resources, time/ flexibility, intervention location, cultural norms and beliefs, and the lack of a birthing hospital in the county. “Baby proofing”, “reinforcement products” and “teaching sleep safety on the same day as infant clinical appointment” are expectant mothers’ exemplars for what comes to their minds when asked to think about safety baby showers. To improve feasibility, both community advisors and expectant mothers suggested adaptations ranging from decentralizing or rotating intervention location, using different delivery sites such as churches, scheduling intervention outside business hours, to incorporating intervention into school health fairs and barbeque events. Social media emerged as a facilitator, and integrating safe sleep education into personal baby showers emerged as an implementation strategy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The community advisors and expectant mothers identified a wide spectrum of potential adaptations that have potential to improve safe sleep knowledge and practices. In the next study phase, identified themes will inform intervention adaptation and suggested implementation strategies will support uptake of the adapted SBS. Identifying transformative implementation strategies and conducting a community-informed SBS adaptation using a collective decision-making process between intervention experts and local community partners will support improved safety baby shower delivery, adoption and sustainability in RUCs.

scholarly journals Key considerations for designing capacity-building interventions to support evidence-based programming in underserved communities: a qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoba Ramanadhan ◽  
Kayoll Galbraith-Gyan ◽  
Anna Revette ◽  
Alisa Foti ◽  
Charlotte Rackard James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Underserved Communities ◽  
Program Coordinators ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Increasing the use of evidence-based programs (EBPs) in community settings is critical for improving health and reducing disparities. Community-based organizations (CBOs) and faith-based organizations (FBOs) have tremendous reach and trust within underserved communities, but their impact is constrained by limited staff capacity to use EBPs. This exploratory study sought to identify design and delivery considerations that could increase the impact of capacity-building interventions for CBOs and FBOs working with underserved communities. Data come from a community-based participatory research project addressing cancer disparities in Black, Latino, and Brazilian communities from Greater Boston and Greater Lawrence, Massachusetts. We conducted four focus group discussions with program coordinators in CBOs and FBOs (n = 27) and key informant interviews with CBO and FBO leaders (n = 15). Three researchers analyzed the data using a multi-stage coding process that included both prefigured and emergent codes. Key design considerations included embedding customized capacity-building interventions into community networks with local experts, supporting ongoing engagement with the intervention via a range of resources and communication channels, and addressing resource constraints. Regarding the contextual factors that should influence capacity-building intervention content, participants highlighted resource constraints, environments in which EBP use is not the norm, and challenges linking available programs with the multi-level barriers to good health faced by community members. Overall, the study highlights the need for integrated, long-term capacity-building efforts developed in partnership with, and ultimately sustained by, local organizations.

scholarly journals An assessment of implementation of Community Oriented Primary Care in Kenyan family medicine postgraduate medical education programmes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Nelligan ◽  
Jacob Shabani ◽  
Stephanie Taché ◽  
Gulnaz Mohamoud ◽  
Megan Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Postgraduate Students

Background and objectives: Family medicine postgraduate programmes in Kenya are examining the benefits of Community-Oriented Primary Care (COPC) curriculum, as a method to train residents in population-based approaches to health care delivery. Whilst COPC is an established part of family medicine training in the United States, little is known about its application in Kenya. We sought to conduct a qualitative study to explore the development and implementation of COPC curriculum in the first two family medicine postgraduate programmes in Kenya. Method: Semi-structured interviews of COPC educators, practitioners, and academic stakeholders and focus groups of postgraduate students were conducted with COPC educators, practitioners and academic stakeholders in two family medicine postgraduate programmes in Kenya. Discussions were transcribed, inductively coded and thematically analysed. Results: Two focus groups with eight family medicine postgraduate students and interviews with five faculty members at two universities were conducted. Two broad themes emerged from the analysis: expected learning outcomes and important community-based enablers. Three learning outcomes were (1) making a community diagnosis, (2) understanding social determinants of health and (3) training in participatory research. Three community-based enablers for sustainability of COPC were (1) partnerships with community health workers, (2) community empowerment and engagement and (3) institutional financial support. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate the expected learning outcomes and important communitybased enablers associated with the successful implementation of COPC projects in Kenya and will help to inform future curriculum development in Kenya.

Ensuring High-Quality Implementation and Sustainability of Evidence-Based Interventions and Coalitions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
J. David Hawkins ◽  
Richard F. Catalano ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Coalition Functioning

This chapter reviews the importance of delivering community-based systems and EBIs with fidelity (i.e., in accordance with their implementation requirements) and sustaining these interventions over time. The chapter describes the training and technical support provided in CTC to ensure that coalitions take necessary actions to maintain their functioning in the long term and deliver EBIs in adherence to their core components and to their intended recipients. It is especially important that coalitions collect data on coalition functioning and EBI delivery and use these data when problems are identified. Examples of how CTC coalitions in the United States and other countries have engaged in these efforts are highlighted.

Surviving the Strain of Youth Organizing: Youth and Organizational Responses

2021 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2110582
Author(s):  
Jenny DeBower ◽  
Anna Ortega-Williams ◽  
Laura J. Wernick ◽  
Brittany Brathwaite ◽  
Miguel Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Youth Of Color ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Organizational Responses

Youth of Color in the United States are often leaders in movements for social justice. Evidence suggests that organizing has a positive macro-therapeutic effect on the mental health of young organizers; however, they can also experience strain and become targets of the very systems they are trying to change. In a community-based participatory action research study, three organizations that train youth of Color in organizing in Brooklyn, New York City held focus groups with youth and adult staff. The focus groups examined the strains experienced by youth organizers and the strategies adult partners use to prepare organizers to maintain hope and well-being. Findings suggest four key emergent strategies: (a) provide an emotional homespace to process the rub between worlds, (b) actively shape the long view on systems change, (c) increase self-care skills and emotional preparation for organizing, and (d) promote healing by building leader(full) communities.

scholarly journals Development and implementation of a community-based research network

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 508-514
Author(s):  
Brittany C. Minor ◽  
Jessica Dashner ◽  
Sandra M. Espín Tello ◽  
Rebecca Bollinger ◽  
Marian Keglovits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Living ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Practice Based Research

AbstractIntroduction:People aging with long-term physical disabilities (PAwLTPD), meaning individuals with onset of disability from birth through midlife, often require long-term support services (LTSS) to remain independence. The LTSS system is fragmented into aging and disability organizations with little communication between them. In addition, there are currently no evidence-based LTSS-type programs listed on the Administration for Community Living website that have been demonstrated to be effective for PAwLTPD. Because of these gaps, we have developed a community-based research network (CBRN), drawing on the practice-based research network model (PBRN), to bring together aging and disability organizations to address the lack of evidence-based programs for PAwLTPD.Materials and Methods:Community-based organizations serving PAwLTPD across the state of Missouri were recruited to join the CBRN. A formative process evaluation of the network was conducted after a year to evaluate the effectiveness of the network.Results:Nine community-based organizations across the state of Missouri joined the CBRN. CBRN members include three centers for independent living (CILs), three area agencies on aging (AAAs), one CIL/AAA hybrid, one non-CIL disability organization, and one non-AAA aging organization. To date, we have held seven meetings, provided educational opportunities for CBRN members, and launched an inaugural research study within the CBRN. Formative evaluation data indicate that CBRN members feel that participation in the CBRN is beneficial.Conclusion:The PBRN model appears to be a feasible framework for use with community-based organizations to facilitate communication between agencies and to support research aimed at addressing the needs of PAwLTPD.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Practice: Community-Based Palliative Cancer Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jajang Ganjar Waluya ◽  
Nur Maziyya ◽  
Eva Nurlaela ◽  
Ita Vusfita ◽  
Ihda Al Adawiyah Mz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Palliative Care Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Middle East Countries

Prevalence of  cancer is estimated will increase in the next two decades. Therefore, there is a challenge for health provider to encounter treatment and caring for the patients. Especially, the cancer patients face several problems not only physical but also psychological, emotional, spiritual and social cultural aspects.This study explored the evidence-based practice on community-based palliative cancer care. Literature study is done by making a summary of published articles related to the question. The searching method used several electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Proquest, and PubMed. Articles under the keywords of “Palliative Cancer Care”, “Community”, and “Nursing” reach as much as 1.804. The inclusion criteria for this literature review were articles that have been peer-reviewed, are in full-text, in either English or Indonesian, and publication year from 2008 to 2018. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria include those that do not follow a standardized structure of an article (consisting of Abstract, Introduction, Method, Result, Discussion, Implication, and Reference), are in the form of a review, and whose content does not answer research questions.Results: The United States of America is on the highest place regarding palliative care service, following by community-based palliative cancer implementation in Europe. Asian countries had been applying palliative care service, integrated with national health care system. In the Middle East countries, palliative care program ranks the lowest, but in implementation, they have discreetly performed community-based palliative care. In Africa, it is not the main focus in the field of health. Palliative care for cancer patients that is potential for development in Indonesia is that of family-based.Conclusion: Community-based palliative care is a variant of palliative treatment long applied and being developed in many countries in the world. In continents such as America and Europe, the implementation of palliative care ranks the highest place. In Indonesia, it is done partially and only available in hospitals or non-governmental organization. In the level of community, family-based palliative care can be developed by involving trained family members.

scholarly journals A Cross-Site Partnership to Examine Implementation and Sustainability of a School-Based Trauma Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supp) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Vona ◽  
Shilpa Baweja ◽  
Catherine DeCarlo Santiago ◽  
Gillian Pears ◽  
Audra Langley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Stakeholders

Objectives: Schools have been identified as an ideal setting for increasing access to mental health services particularly for underserved minority youth. The emerging field of implementation science has begun to systematically investigate strategies for more efficiently integrating evidence-based practices into community settings. Signifi­cantly less translational research has focused specifically on the school setting. To address this need, we examined the implementa­tion of a school-based trauma intervention across three distinct regions.Design: We conducted key informant interviews guided by Mendel’s Frame­work of Dissemination in Health Services Intervention Research with multiple school stakeholders to examine what school organizational characteristics influence the adoption and implementation process and sustainability of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS). Participants were selected from schools in three geographic regions in the United States: Western, Midwestern, and Southern.Results: Our findings reveal that while sites had some common organizational factors that appeared to facilitate implementation, regions differed in how they compensated for less robust implementation domains. Across all regions, school stakeholders recognized the need for services to sup­port students impacted by trauma. In the Western region, there was no centralized district policy for implementation; therefore, implementation was facilitated by school-level change agents and supervision support from the district mental health unit. In the Midwestern region, centralized district policies drove implementation. In both the Midwestern and Southern regions, imple­mentation was facilitated by collaboration with a local mental health agency.Conclusions: This study contributes to the paucity of empirical information on the organizational factors that influence the implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions in schools. Our find­ings reveal that different implementation strategies across policies, structures, and resources can result in implementation of a school-based intervention. Frameworks such as Mendel’s can be helpful in identify­ing areas of strength and improvement of implementation within a school organiza­tion.Ethn Dis. 2018; 28(Suppl 2): 427-436; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.427

Community-Based Prevention Marketing for Policy Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Bryant ◽  
Anita H. Courtney ◽  
Robert J. McDermott ◽  
James H. Lindenberger ◽  
Mark A. Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Partnerships ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Evidence Based Policy

Community-based prevention marketing (CBPM) is a community-driven framework for program planning, which applies social marketing concepts and techniques to the development of health behavior interventions. Whereas community members who comprise an action committee or coalition set the goals and make programmatic decisions, social marketing provides the planning framework to guide program design, implementation, and evaluation. CBPM has guided successful initiatives to promote physical activity in both youth and adults, to increase safety eyewear use in agricultural settings, and to delay alcohol and tobacco initiation among youth. However, the emergence of evidence-based policy has fostered renewed interest in “upstream” approaches to health behavior change that, in the United States, have included community partnerships as an important tool for policy development. Unfortunately, these community partnerships have had variable success because of the lack of a systematic framework for identifying, selecting, tailoring, and promoting evidence-based policies. We describe the adaptation and application of CBPM to improve community capacity for identifying and promoting evidence-based policies. The resulting framework, CBPM for Policy Development, is comprised of the following eight steps: (1) build a strong foundation for success; (2) review evidence-based policy options; (3) select a policy to promote; (4) identify priority audiences among beneficiaries, stakeholders, and policy makers; (5) conduct formative research with priority audiences; (6) develop a marketing plan for promoting the policy; (7) develop a plan for monitoring implementation and evaluating impact; and (8) advocate for policy change. We provide a description of each step and an examination of the experiences and lessons learned in applying it to youth obesity prevention.

Implementing Intergenerational Best Practices in Community-Based Settings: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992199407
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Juckett ◽  
Shannon E. Jarrott ◽  
Jill Juris Naar ◽  
Rachel M. Scrivano ◽  
Alicia C. Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Program Leaders ◽  
Preliminary Study

Evidence-based intergenerational (IG) programs bring youth and older adults together in shared activities and promote socioemotional health across age-groups. The core components of these IG programs include 14 IG “best practices” that should be implemented during IG program sessions to optimize program effectiveness for both youth and older adult participants. Despite the proliferation of IG programs across the United States, it is unclear the extent to which these IG best practices have been implemented in the community. This preliminary study assesses the implementation of IG best practices at two community-based sites by program leaders who participated in a multifaceted professional education intervention for IG best practice use. Implementation of best practices was measured through the Best Practices Checklist completed by program leaders and trained coders as well as through narrative written comments. Program leaders indicated that they were able to consistently implement six out of the 14 IG best practices in 46 IG sessions, whereas the best practice named “Adaptations to equipment were made” was least likely to be implemented. Analysis of narrative comments indicated that (a) the group arrangement of participants and (b) program leaders’ familiarity with activities also influenced implementation. While many IG best practices can be implemented in the community, some best practices can be implemented with greater ease and consistency. Training resources can support IG best practice implementation; however, our multifaceted professional education intervention may benefit from the addition of case examples or vignettes to depict potential strategies for optimizing evidence-based IG practices.

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