scholarly journals 3165 Diseased and Healthy Gastrointestinal Tissue Data Mining requires an Engaged Transdisciplinary team

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Sana Syed ◽  
Marium Naveed Khan ◽  
Alexis Catalano ◽  
Christopher Moskaluk ◽  
Jason Papin ◽  
...  

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To establish an effective team of researchers working towards developing and validating prognostic models employing use of image analyses and other numerical metadata to better understand pediatric undernutrition, and to learn how different approaches can be brought together collaboratively and efficiently. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Over the past 18 months we have established a transdisciplinary team spanning three countries and the Schools of Medicine, Engineering, Data Science and Global Health. We first identified two team leaders specifically a pediatric physician scientist (SS) and a data scientist/engineer (DB). The leaders worked together to recruit team members, with the understanding that different ideas are encouraged and will be used collaboratively to tackle the problem of pediatric undernutrition. The final data analytic and interpretative core team consisted of four data science students, two PhD students, an undergraduate biology major, a recent medical graduate, and a PhD research scientist. Additional collaborative members included faculty from Biomedical Engineering, the School of Medicine (Pediatrics and Pathology) along with international Global Health faculty from Pakistan and Zambia. We learned early on that it was important to understand what each of the member’s motivation for contributing to the project was along with aligning that motivation with the overall goals of the team. This made us help prioritize team member tasks and streamline ideas. We also incorporated a mechanism of weekly (monthly/bimonthly for global partners) meetings with informal oral presentations which consisted of each member’s current progress, thoughts and concerns, and next experimental goals. This method enabled team leaders to have a 3600 mechanism of feedback. Overall, we assessed the effectiveness of our team by two mechanisms: 1) ongoing team member feedback, including team leaders, and 2) progress of the research project. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Our feedback has shown that on initial development of the team there was hesitance in communication due to the background diversity of our various member along with different cultural/social expectations. We used ice-breaking methods such as dedicated time for brief introductions, career directions, and life goals for each team member. We subsequently found that with the exception of one, all other team members noted our working environment professional and conducive to productivity. We also learnt from our method of ongoing constant feedback that at times, due to the complexity of different disciplines, some information was lost due to the difference in educational backgrounds. We have now employed new methods to relay information more effectively, with the use of not just sharing literature but also by explaining the content. The progress of our research project has varied over the past 4-6 months. There was a steep learning curve for almost every member, for example all the data science students had never studied anything related to medicine during their education, including minimal if none exposure to the ethics of medical research. Conversely, team members with medical/biology backgrounds had minimal prior exposure to computational modeling, computer engineering and the verbage of communicating mathematical algorithms. While this may have slowed our progress we learned that by asking questions and engaging every member it was easier to delegate tasks effectively. Once our team reached an overall understanding of each member’s goals there was a steady progress in the project, with new results and new methods of analysis being tested every week. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We expect that our on-going collaboration will result in the development of new and novel modalities to understand and diagnose pediatric undernutrition, and can be used as a model to tackle several other problems. As with many team science projects, credit and authorship are challenges that we are outlining creative strategies for as suggested by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and other literature.

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Tworoger ◽  
Cynthia P. Ruppel ◽  
Baiyun Gong ◽  
Randolph A. Pohlman

This research focused on the question: What leadership constraints contribute to the complexity of the working environment faced by global virtual team leaders and how do those leadership constraints impact the behavior of leaders when they are trying to meet team member expectations? This qualitative study of a high performing team within a multinational corporation (MNC) identified four constraints facing leaders: virtuality, globalization, the domestic workplace, and the matrix organizational structure. These constraints and their interactions contributed to the complexity that leaders faced when attempting to influence followers. While work/life roles have changed dramatically for leaders, team member expectations remain rooted in the past.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3832-3836

In the system of healthcare functioning well the data is very important factor. In the countries around the globe in the development of infrastructures of data over the past few years the huge strides have been made. To promote better health outcomes and to improve programs on the need to use this data the global health professionals place enhancing the pressure. Across the planet to support health systems to emphasis on data is emerging like a huge source of available data. It can say as the tsunami of data in both extent and scope. Due to sheer scale of this massive wave of information it is a challenging task to improve public health and support.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ADNAN REHMAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD NAUMAN HABIB ◽  
SHAHZAD KHAN

The study intended to examine leaders’ emotional intelligence, emotional work climate and job satisfaction among several teams of higher educational institutes. A few studies have examined the effects of these variables but seldom studies existed which examined the level of these variables. The aim of this study was to find out the difference between the true mean and the comparison value. Questionnaire survey of 30 team leaders and 120 team members was conducted. The paper applied one sample t-test using the SPSS 20 software to test the hypothesis. The study found out that there is a slight difference between the true mean and the comparison value. Although the difference is statistically significant but not large enough to be practically significant. Therefore, the subjects recruited were treated as normal.


2021 ◽  
pp. 014920632110039
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Marrone ◽  
Narda R. Quigley ◽  
Gregory E. Prussia ◽  
John Dienhart

As organizations encounter unpredictable external environments, expectations are changing for managers and team leaders toward providing more facilitative, less directive coaching in order to stimulate more flexibility and adaptability. Prior research has underscored the role of team leader supportive coaching behaviors in reinforcing and growing team member capabilities to work independently from the leader. What is not yet understood, however, is if and how supportive coaching behaviors relate to team member engagement in boundary-spanning behaviors, which are team member efforts to establish and maintain relationships with key parties external to their team. This study examines how team leaders’ supportive coaching of boundary spanning—defined as a set of behaviors that (a) encourages team members to engage in frequent and open collaborations with key parties external to the team and (b) grants team members the latitude to engage external parties in ways the team members deem necessary—relates to team member boundary-spanning behavior and job satisfaction through a motivational pathway. We test a hypothesized indirect-effects model within a field sample of 256 engineering employees working in teams. Results indicate that leaders’ supportive coaching of boundary spanning is positively related to team member boundary-spanning self-efficacy, which in turn is positively related to team member engagement in boundary-spanning behavior for their teams. Also, team members who reported more boundary-spanning behavior experienced greater job satisfaction. The findings have important implications for organizations, team leaders, and team members.


1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou Tomes ◽  
Dixie D. Sanger

A survey study examined the attitudes of interdisciplinary team members toward public school speech-language programs. Perceptions of clinicians' communication skills and of the clarity of team member roles were also explored. Relationships between educators' attitudes toward our services and various variables relating to professional interactions were investigated. A 64-item questionnaire was completed by 346 randomly selected respondents from a two-state area. Classroom teachers of grades kindergarten through 3, teachers of grades 4 through 6, elementary school principals, school psychologists, and learning disabilities teachers comprised five professional categories which were sampled randomly. Analysis of the results revealed that educators generally had positive attitudes toward our services; however, there was some confusion regarding team member roles and clinicians' ability to provide management suggestions. Implications for school clinicians were discussed.


2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Melanie Maytin ◽  
Laurence M Epstein ◽  
◽  

Prior to the introduction of successful intravascular countertraction techniques, options for lead extraction were limited and dedicated tools were non-existent. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with these early extraction techniques limited their application to life-threatening situations such as infection and sepsis. The past 30 years have witnessed significant advances in lead extraction technology, resulting in safer and more efficacious techniques and tools. This evolution occurred out of necessity, similar to the pressure of natural selection weeding out the ineffective and highly morbid techniques while fostering the development of safe, successful and more simple methods. Future developments in lead extraction are likely to focus on new tools that will allow us to provide comprehensive device management and the design of new leads conceived to facilitate future extraction. With the development of these new methods and novel tools, the technique of lead extraction will continue to require operators that are well versed in several methods of extraction. Garnering new skills while remembering the lessons of the past will enable extraction technologies to advance without repeating previous mistakes.


Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Jean-Laurent Pouchairet ◽  
Carole Rossi

For the past two decades, many research groups have investigated new methods for reducing the size and cost of safe and arm-fire systems, while also improving their safety and reliability, through batch processing. Simultaneously, micro- and nanotechnology advancements regarding nanothermite materials have enabled the production of a key technological building block: pyrotechnical microsystems (pyroMEMS). This building block simply consists of microscale electric initiators with a thin thermite layer as the ignition charge. This microscale to millimeter-scale addressable pyroMEMS enables the integration of intelligence into centimeter-scale pyrotechnical systems. To illustrate this technological evolution, we hereby present the development of a smart infrared (IR) electronically controllable flare consisting of three distinct components: (1) a controllable pyrotechnical ejection block comprising three independently addressable small-scale propellers, all integrated into a one-piece molded and interconnected device, (2) a terminal function block comprising a structured IR pyrotechnical loaf coupled with a microinitiation stage integrating low-energy addressable pyroMEMS, and (3) a connected, autonomous, STANAG 4187 compliant, electronic sensor arming and firing block.


2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232098304
Author(s):  
R Alexander Bentley ◽  
Joshua Borycz ◽  
Simon Carrignon ◽  
Damian J Ruck ◽  
Michael J O’Brien

The explosion of online knowledge has made knowledge, paradoxically, difficult to find. A web or journal search might retrieve thousands of articles, ranked in a manner that is biased by, for example, popularity or eigenvalue centrality rather than by informed relevance to the complex query. With hundreds of thousands of articles published each year, the dense, tangled thicket of knowledge grows even more entwined. Although natural language processing and new methods of generating knowledge graphs can extract increasingly high-level interpretations from research articles, the results are inevitably biased toward recent, popular, and/or prestigious sources. This is a result of the inherent nature of human social-learning processes. To preserve and even rediscover lost scientific ideas, we employ the theory that scientific progress is punctuated by means of inspired, revolutionary ideas at the origin of new paradigms. Using a brief case example, we suggest how phylogenetic inference might be used to rediscover potentially useful lost discoveries, as a way in which machines could help drive revolutionary science.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Juan Jesús Roldán-Gómez ◽  
Eduardo González-Gironda ◽  
Antonio Barrientos

Forest firefighting missions encompass multiple tasks related to prevention, surveillance, and extinguishing. This work presents a complete survey of firefighters on the current problems in their work and the potential technological solutions. Additionally, it reviews the efforts performed by the academy and industry to apply different types of robots in the context of firefighting missions. Finally, all this information is used to propose a concept of operation for the comprehensive application of drone swarms in firefighting. The proposed system is a fleet of quadcopters that individually are only able to visit waypoints and use payloads, but collectively can perform tasks of surveillance, mapping, monitoring, etc. Three operator roles are defined, each one with different access to information and functions in the mission: mission commander, team leaders, and team members. These operators take advantage of virtual and augmented reality interfaces to intuitively get the information of the scenario and, in the case of the mission commander, control the drone swarm.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Ferns ◽  
Aloke Phatak ◽  
Susan Benson ◽  
Nina Kumagai

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