scholarly journals A Systematic Map of Non-Clinical Evidence Syntheses Published Globally on COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Umair Majid ◽  
Syed Ahmed Shahzaeem Hussain ◽  
Aghna Wasim ◽  
Nusrat Farhana ◽  
Pakeezah Saadat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Social Epidemiology ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study Objective: Evidence syntheses perform rigorous investigations of the primary literature and they have played a vital role in generating evidence-based recommendations for governments worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there has not yet been an attempt to organize them across topic and other characteristics. This study performed a systematic mapping exercise of non-clinical evidence syntheses pertaining to COVID-19. Methods: This study conducted a systematic search on December 5, 2020 across 10 databases and servers: CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Healthstar, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science, Research Square, MEDRxiv, and PROSPERO. Only full evidence syntheses published in a peer-reviewed journal or preprint server were included. Results: This study classified all evidence synthesis in the following topics: health service delivery (n = 280), prevention and behavior (n = 201), mental health (n = 140), social epidemiology (n = 31), economy (n = 22), and environment (n = 19). This study provides a comprehensive resource of all evidence syntheses categorized according to topic. Conclusions: This study proposes the following research priorities: governance, the impact of COVID-19 on different populations, the effectiveness of prevention and control methods across contexts, mental health, and vaccine hesitancy.

Client Contact in Self-Help Therapy for Anxiety and Depression: Necessary But Can Take a Variety of Forms Beside Therapist Contact

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
France Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Self-administered therapies (SATs) have been promoted as a way to increase access to evidence-based mental health services. Recent meta-analyses and literature reviews suggest that SATs with clinical guidance are more effective than SATs with no contact for the treatment of anxiety and depression. However, little attention has been paid to the role of nonguidance contact, contact that does not involve the provision of assistance in the application of specific therapy techniques such as emails to encourage treatment adherence. The present article examines the impact of nonguidance contact on the outcomes of SATs for anxiety and depression. Electronic databases were searched to identify studies conducted over the past two decades by independent research teams that have tested cognitive-behavioural SATs over multiple trials. Findings suggest that the involvement or guidance of a therapist is not essential for SATs to produce significant benefits as long as nonguidance contact is provided. It is suggested that even very minimal levels of nonguidance contact increase SAT's outcomes by motivating treatment engagement and improving adherence. The benefit of SATs that can be accessed directly by large numbers of individuals and that do not require therapist involvement to ensure efficacy can potentially significantly increase the cost effectiveness and quality of mental health service delivery.

scholarly journals Access to mental health for Black youths in Alberta

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 245-253
Author(s):  
Bukola Salami ◽  
Benjamin Denga ◽  
Robyn Taylor ◽  
Nife Ajayi ◽  
Margot Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The objective of this study was to examine the barriers that influence access to and use of mental health services by Black youths in Alberta. Methods We used a youth-led participatory action research (PAR) methodology within a youth empowerment model situated within intersectionality theory to understand access to health care for both Canadian-born and immigrant Black youth in Alberta. The research project was co-led by an advisory committee consisting of 10 youths who provided advice and tangible support to the research. Seven members of the advisory committee also collected data, co-facilitated conversation cafés, analyzed data and helped in the dissemination activities. We conducted in-depth individual interviews and held four conversation café-style focus groups with a total of 129 youth. During the conversation cafés, the youths took the lead in identifying issues of concern and in explaining the impact of these issues on their lives. Through rigorous data coding and thematic analysis as well as reflexivity and member checking we ensured our empirical findings were trustworthy. Results Our findings highlight key barriers that can limit access to and utilization of mental health services by Black youth, including a lack of cultural inclusion and safety, a lack of knowledge/information on mental health services, the cost of mental health services, geographical barriers, stigma and judgmentalism, and limits of resilience. Conclusion Findings confirm diverse/intersecting barriers that collectively perpetuate disproportional access to and uptake of mental health services by Black youths. The results of this study suggest health policy and practice stakeholders should consider the following recommendations to break down barriers: diversify the mental health service workforce; increase the availability and quality of mental health services in Black-dominated neighbourhoods; and embed anti-racist practices and intercultural competencies in mental health service delivery.

scholarly journals Police-related triage interventions for mental health-related incidents: a rapid evidence synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 1-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rodgers ◽  
Sian Thomas ◽  
Jane Dalton ◽  
Melissa Harden ◽  
Alison Eastwood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

Background Police officers are often the first responders to mental health-related incidents and, consequently, can become a common gateway to care. The volume of such calls is an increasing challenge. Objective What is the evidence base for models of police-related mental health triage (often referred to as ‘street triage’) interventions? Design Rapid evidence synthesis. Participants Individuals perceived to be experiencing mental ill health or in a mental health crisis. Interventions Police officers responding to calls involving individuals experiencing perceived mental ill health or a mental health crisis, in the absence of suspected criminality or a criminal charge. Main outcome measures Inclusion was not restricted by outcome. Data sources Eleven bibliographic databases (i.e. Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Criminal Justice Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PAIS® Index, PsycINFO, Scopus, Social Care Online, Social Policy & Practice, Social Sciences Citation Index and Social Services Abstracts) and multiple online sources were searched for relevant systematic reviews and qualitative studies from inception to November 2017. Additional primary studies reporting quantitative data published from January 2016 were also sought. Review methods The three-part rapid evidence synthesis incorporated metasynthesis of the effects of street triage-type intervention models, rapid synthesis of UK-relevant qualitative evidence on implementation and the overall synthesis. Results Five systematic reviews, eight primary studies reporting quantitative data and eight primary studies reporting qualitative data were included. Most interventions involved police officers working in partnership with mental health professionals. These interventions were generally valued by staff and showed some positive effects on procedures (such as rates of detention) and resources, although these results were not entirely consistent and not all important outcomes were measured. Most of the evidence was at risk of multiple biases caused by design flaws and/or a lack of reporting of methods, which might affect the results. Limitations All primary research was conducted in England, so may not be generalisable to the whole of the UK. Discussion of health equity issues was largely absent from the evidence. Conclusions Most published evidence that aims to describe and evaluate various models of street triage interventions is limited in scope and methodologically weak. Several systematic reviews and recent studies have called for a prospective, comprehensive and streamlined collection of a wider variety of data to evaluate the impact of these interventions. This rapid evidence synthesis expands on these recommendations to outline detailed implications for research, which includes clearer articulation of the intervention’s objectives, measurement of quantitative outcomes beyond section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 [Great Britain. Mental Health Act 1983. Section 136. London: The Stationery Office; 1983 URL: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/20/section/136 (accessed October 2017)] (i.e. rates, places of safety and processing data) and outcomes that are most important to the police, mental health and social care services and service users. Evaluations should take into consideration shorter-, medium- and longer-term effects. Whenever possible, study designs should have an appropriate concurrent comparator, for example by comparing the pragmatic implementation of collaborative street triage models with models that emphasise specialist training of police officers. The collection of qualitative data should capture dissenting views as well as the views of advocates. Any future cost-effectiveness analysis of these interventions should evaluate the impact across police, health and social services. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

scholarly journals The impact of mental health and substance use issues on COVID-19 vaccine readiness: a cross sectional community-based survey in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamna Mehra ◽  
Roula Markoulakis ◽  
Sugy Kodeeswaran ◽  
Donald A. Redelmeier ◽  
Mark Sinyor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines have been approved for use in Canada since December 2020. However, data about factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and the impact of mental health and/or substance use (MHSU) issues on vaccine uptake are currently not available. The goal of this study was to explore factors, particularly MHSU factors, that impact COVID-19 vaccination intentions in Ontario, Canada.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional survey with recruitment based on age, gender, and geographical location (to ensure a representative population of Ontario), was conducted in February 2021. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination status and plans and sociodemographic background, social support, anxiety about contracting COVID-19, and MHSU concerns.ResultsOf the total sample of 2528 respondents, 1932 (76.4%) were vaccine ready, 381 (15.1%) were hesitant, and 181 (7.1%) were resistant. Significant independent predictors of vaccine hesitancy compared with vaccine readiness included younger age (OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.62-2.74), female gender (OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.06-1.74), Black ethnicity (OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.19-3.75), lower education (OR=1.69, 95%CI=1.30-2.20), lower SES status (OR=.88, 95%CI=.84-.93), lower anxiety about self or someone close contracting COVID-19 (OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.50-2.82), and lower depression score (OR=.90, 95%CI=.82-.98). Significant independent predictors of vaccine resistance compared with readiness included younger age (OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.19-2.50), female gender (OR=1.57, 95%CI=1.10-2.24), being married (OR=1.50, 95%CI=1.04-2.16), lower SES (OR=.80, 95%CI=.74-.86), lower satisfaction with social support (OR=.78, 95%CI=.70-.88), lower anxiety about contracting COVID-19 (OR=7.51, 95%CI=5.18-10.91), and lower depression score (OR=.85, 95%CI=.76-.96).InterpretationCOVID-19 vaccination intention is affected by sociodemographic factors, anxiety about contracting COVID-19, and select mental health issues.

scholarly journals An observational study of the impact of COVID-19 and the rapid implementation of telehealth on community mental health center providers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Sklar ◽  
Kendal Reeder ◽  
Kristine Carandang ◽  
Mark G. Ehrhart ◽  
Gregory A. Aarons
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Providers ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
Provider Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has remarkably altered community mental health service delivery through the rapid implementation of telehealth. This study reports provider perspectives on the impact that COVID-19 and the transition to telehealth had on their work and their ability to deliver evidence-based practices (EBPs). Methods Providers (n = 93) completed online surveys with quantitative measures and open-ended items exploring their reactions to COVID-19 and to the transition to providing services via telehealth. Results Perceptions of personal risk and rumination around COVID-19 were low, while telehealth was viewed positively by providers. Three major themes emerged regarding the major impacts of COVID-19 on work: (1) the altered nature of interactions between patient/client and provider due to telehealth implementation, (2) changes in provider expectations regarding productivity, and (3) challenges maintaining work-life balance. In regard to the major impacts of COVID-19 on EBP delivery, three themes emerged: (1) increased difficulty delivering certain therapies via telehealth, (2) potential limitations to session confidentiality, and (3) challenge of engaging children in telehealth. Conclusions In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, community mental health providers continued to engage with clients and deliver EBPs while navigating a number of changes related to the rapid transition to and implementation of telehealth. This study highlights the need for further work on what supports providers need to effectively engage with clients and deliver EBPs via telehealth, and has implications for how telehealth is sustained or de-implemented post-COVID-19.

scholarly journals Do not forget culture when implementing mental health interventions for violence survivors

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 3053-3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar ◽  
Gisel Viviana Osorio-Cuellar ◽  
Sara Gabriela Pacichana-Quinayáz ◽  
Gabriela Sánchez-Rentería ◽  
Andrés Fandiño-Losada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Community Interventions ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Armed conflict has positioned Colombia as the country with the second highest internal displacement of citizens. This situation has forced government projects and international cooperation agencies to intervene to mitigate the impact of violence; however, the coping strategies implemented by the country’s minorities are still unknown. The study objective is to describe the coping strategies and their relation with mental health within Afro-descendant culture in Colombia and the effects that armed conflict has on these coping mechanisms, through a phenomenological study involving focus groups and interviews with experts. Rituals and orality have a healing function that allow Afro-Colombian communities to express their pain and support each other, enabling them to cope with loss. Since the forced displacement, these traditions have been in jeopardy. Armed conflict prevents groups from mourning, generating a form of latent pain. Afro-Colombians require community interventions that create similar spaces for emotional support for the bereaved persons in the pre-conflict period. Thus, it is essential to understand the impact of this spiritual and ritualistic approach on mental health issues and the relevance of narrative and community interventions for survivors.

scholarly journals Dignity of Older Persons With Mental Health Conditions: Why Should Clinicians Care?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debanjan Banerjee ◽  
Kiran Rabheru ◽  
Gabriel Ivbijaro ◽  
Carlos Augusto de Mendonca Lima
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
The Impact

With a steady increase in population aging, the proportion of older people living with mental illness is on rise. This has a significant impact on their autonomy, rights, quality of life and functionality. The biomedical approach to mental healthcare has undergone a paradigm shift over the recent years to become more inclusive and rights-based. Dignity comprises of independence, social inclusion, justice, equality, respect and recognition of one's identity. It has both subjective and objective components and influences life-satisfaction, treatment response as well as compliance. The multi-dimensional framework of dignity forms the central anchor to person-centered mental healthcare for older adults. Mental health professionals are uniquely positioned to incorporate the strategies to promote dignity in their clinical care and research as well as advocate for related social/health policies based on a human rights approach. However, notwithstanding the growing body of research on the neurobiology of aging and old age mental health disorders, dignity-based mental healthcare is considered to be an abstract and hypothetical identity, often neglected in clinical practice. In this paper, we highlight the various components of dignity in older people, the impact of ageism and mental health interventions based on dignity, rights, respect, and equality (including dignity therapy). It hopes to serve as a framework for clinicians to incorporate dignity as a principle in mental health service delivery and research related to older people.

scholarly journals Priorities for Future Research about Screen Use and Adolescent Mental Health: A Participatory Prioritization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norha Vera San Juan ◽  
Sian Oram ◽  
Vanessa Pinfold ◽  
Rachel Temple ◽  
Una Foye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Screen Use

Background: This study aimed to identify research priorities for future research on screen use and adolescent mental health, from the perspectives of young people, parents/carers, and teachers. Methods: The study design was informed by the James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership approach. A three-stage consensus-based process of consultation to identify research priorities using qualitative and quantitative methods. Research was guided by a steering group comprising researchers, third sector partners, clinicians, parents/carers and young people. A Young People′s Advisory Group contributed at each stage. Results: Initial steps generated 26 research questions of importance to children and young people; these were ranked by 357 participants (229 children and young people and 128 adults). Consensus was reached for the prioritisation of four topics for future research: (i) the impact of exposure to adult content on young people′s mental health and relationships; (ii) the relationship between screen use and the wellbeing of young people from vulnerable groups; (iii) the impact of screen use on brain development; and (iv) the relationship between screen use and sleep. Additionally, young participants prioritized questions about online bullying, advertisements targeting young people, and the relationship between social media and specific mental health conditions. Research topics of interest arising specifically during the pandemic included the effects on adolescent mental health of exposure to constant news updates and online racial bias, and how young people take part in activism online Conclusion: These findings will enable researchers and funders to conduct research that is needs-oriented and relevant to the target audience.

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