scholarly journals Social Jetlag is Independently Associated with Chronotype and Poor Memory for Extinguished Fear

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Bottary ◽  
Tony J. Cunningham ◽  
Rebecca M.C. Spencer ◽  
Edward F. Pace-Schott
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Extinction Memory ◽  
Sleep Questionnaires ◽  
Poor Memory

AbstractSocial jetlag (SJ) occurs when sleep-timing irregularities from social or occupational demands conflict with endogenous sleep–wake rhythms. SJ is associated with evening chronotype and poor mental health, but mechanisms supporting this link remain unknown. Impaired ability to retrieve extinction memory is an emotion regulatory deficit observed in some psychiatric illnesses. Thus, SJ-dependent extinction memory deficits may provide a mechanism for poor mental health. To test this, healthy male college students completed 7–9 nights of actigraphy, sleep questionnaires, and a fear conditioning and extinction protocol. As expected, greater SJ, but not total sleep time discrepancy, was associated with poorer extinction memory. Unexpectedly, greater SJ was associated with a tendency toward morning rather than evening chronotype. These findings suggest that deficient extinction memory represents a potential mechanism linking SJ to psychopathology and that SJ is particularly problematic for college students with a greater tendency toward a morning chronotype.

scholarly journals The Impact of Health Behaviors on Health-Related Quality of Life in College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 439-439
Author(s):  
Kayla Parsons ◽  
Leigh Neptune ◽  
Ashley Reynolds ◽  
Amelia Sullivan ◽  
Carol Byrd-Bredbenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Objectives The objective was to explore the influence of health behaviors on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among college undergraduate students. Methods A convenience sample of college students completed an online survey consisting of the Center for Disease Control's HRQOL modules, perceived stress scale, sleep questionnaire, and the National Cancer Institute Fruit and Vegetable (FV) Screener. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using self-reported height and weight. Independent t-test were used to compare HRQOL between students who consumed above/below average fruit and vegetable intake. Two multiple regression analyses were used to determine health factors that predicted better HRQOL. Results Participants (N = 655) were 19.8 ± 1.5 years old, female (63%), and white (84%). The average FV intake was 2.2 servings per day. Students who consumed more than the average intake of FV, reported more days/month (d/m) feeling healthy and full of energy (11.9 ± 8.6 vs. 8.9 ± 7.9, P < 0.001), and reported less d/m of poor mental health (8.5 ± 8.1 vs. 11.1 ± 9.8, P < 0.001) compared to those who consumed less than the average. Two predictors explained 38.5% of variance in d/m when mental health was not good (r2 = 0.38, F (2,639) = 200.11, P < 0.001): perceived stress (β = 0.61, P < 0.001) and FV intake (β = −0.08, P < 0.05). Four predictors explained 30.0% of the variance in d/m feeling happy and full of energy (r2 = 0.29, F (4,549) = 58.6, P < 0.001): perceived stress (β = −0.46, P < 0.001), BMI (β = −0.11, P < 0.01), FV intake (β = 0.16, P < 0.001), and hours of sleep (β = 0.08, P < 0.05). Conclusions This data shows that students who consumed above average FV intake reported more days of feeling happy and full of energy and less days of poor mental health, and that modifiable behaviors (FV intake, stress, sleep) impact HRQOL of young adults. This research provides justification for college aimed wellness interventions to include both nutrition education and mental health resources to improve overall HRQOL. Funding Sources This project was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project number #ME0022104 through the Maine Agricultural & Forest Experiment Station. NJ Agriculture Experiment Station.

Internet Gambling Is Common in College Students and Associated with Poor Mental Health

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy M. Petry ◽  
Jeremiah Weinstock
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Internet Gambling

scholarly journals Mental Health Crisis and Stress Coping among Healthcare College Students Momentarily Displaced from Their Campus Community Because of COVID-19 Restrictions in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7245
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Tahara ◽  
Yuki Mashizume ◽  
Kayoko Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Health Crisis

College students are one of the most affected groups by self-quarantine due to COVID-19, as they may live in loneliness and anxiety, increasing their risk of mental health crisis. This study aimed to identify risk factors for poor mental health and stress coping strategies among healthcare college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted over 7 consecutive days starting on 28 April 2020 using a web-based questionnaire. The survey assessed socioeconomic characteristics and the General Health Questionnaire-12 score, self-reported health status, anxiety, and satisfaction with daily life, work, leisure, and new activities. Approximately 70% of 223 respondents had poor mental health. Less communication with friends was the main risk factor for mental health problems. Good health status and satisfaction with leisure and new activities were associated with reduced risk of mental health problems. Students with poor mental health tended to seek social support as a stress coping strategy. This study showed that the mental health of students declined during self-quarantine, and loneliness could be the major reason. There is a need for a new form of communication and learning that deals with the isolation and loneliness of students, especially for students living alone.

scholarly journals Sex Moderates Relationships Among School Night Sleep Duration, Social Jetlag, and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Marie Mathew ◽  
Lauren Hale ◽  
Anne-Marie Chang
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Social Jetlag

Social jetlag, a misalignment between sleep timing on the weekend and during the work week, is associated with depressive symptoms among adults across both sexes. A previous study found that later sleep timing was associated with depressive symptoms in women but not men. To date, however, no research has investigated whether the association between social jetlag and depression varies by sex among adolescents. The current study assessed self-reported sleep, depressive symptoms, and demographic information from 3058 adolescents (48% female, mean [SD] age 15.59 [0.77] years) from the age 15 wave of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS). Social jetlag was calculated as the absolute value of the midpoint of sleep on the weekend minus the midpoint of sleep during the school week. Depressive symptoms were measured through a modified 5-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We assessed whether the associations among sleep duration on school nights, social jetlag, and depressive symptoms were similar between male and female adolescents using multiple linear regression. In fully adjusted models, sex moderated the association between school night total sleep time and depressive symptoms ( p < 0.001) and between social jetlag and depressive symptoms ( p = 0.037). In females, but not in males, school night total sleep time was negatively associated with depressive symptoms ( p < 0.001), whereas social jetlag ( p < 0.001) was positively and independently associated with depressive symptoms. The results indicate the importance of regular sleep timing across the week and adequate sleep duration for the maintenance of optimal emotional health among female adolescents.

scholarly journals 0258 Early Semester Sleep Variability Predicts Depression Among College Students

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A98-A98
Author(s):  
S Price ◽  
P Chikersal ◽  
A Doryab ◽  
D Villalba ◽  
J Dutcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
American University ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

Abstract Introduction Sleep is a critical behavior predicting mental health and depressive symptomatology in young adults.The extant scientific literature generally focuses on self-reported sleep measures over relatively short time frames. Here, we examine whether actigraphy-measured sleep variables early in the academic semester predict depressive symptomatology at the end of the semester among first and second year college students. There is currently debate in the sleep literature about which sleep variables are the most robust predictors of depression among young adults. In this study, we evaluate total sleep time, midpoint sleep time, and sleep variability where variability is defined by the mean-squared successive difference (MSSD) of midpoint sleep as predictors of depression. Methods The sample consisted of 160 first and second year college students at a private American university. The students completed a beginning and end of semester assessment of depressive symptomatology using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and wore a Fitbit throughout the semester to capture sleep features of interest: total sleep time (TST), midpoint sleep, and midpoint MSSD. Results When controlling for beginning of semester CES-D, early semester (weeks 3–6) midpoint sleep MSSD significantly (p &lt; 0.05) predicted increased end of semester CES-D. These effects were specific to the sleep variability measure (MSSD). Total sleep time and sleep chronotype (i.e. midpoint sleep) were not significant predictors of end of semester depressive symptomatology. Conclusion Early semester sleep window variability among college freshmen, particularly during stressful midterm exams, is a robust risk factor for depression among college students. This work contributes to initial actigraphy studies suggesting that MSSD measures of sleep window variability foster increased mental health risks among young people. This work calls for further investigation to understand possible causal relationships between sleep variability and mental health. Support This work was supported by the Life@CMU project funded by the Carnegie Mellon University Provost’s Office.

scholarly journals Poor mental health, peer drinking norms, and alcohol risk in a social network of first-year college students

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon R. Kenney ◽  
Graham T. DiGuiseppi ◽  
Matthew K. Meisel ◽  
Sara G. Balestrieri ◽  
Nancy P. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year College ◽  
First Year College Students ◽  
Alcohol Risk ◽  
Peer Drinking

Can the Academic and Experiential Study of Flourishing Improve College Students Functioning? A Multi-University Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew James Hirshberg ◽  
Blake Anthony Colaianne ◽  
Mark T. Greenberg ◽  
Karen Inkelas ◽  
Richard J Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Shared Humanity ◽  
Attention Function

We hypothesized that college students who enrolled in the Art and Science of Human Flourishing (ASHF), a novel academic and experiential for-credit course on human flourishing, would demonstrate improved mental health and strengthen skills and behaviors associated with flourishing relative to control students. In a two-wave, multi-site, propensity-score matched controlled trial (ASHF n=217, Control n=318; N=535), ASHF participants reported significantly improved mental health (i.e., reduced depression) and flourishing, improvements on multiple attention and social-emotional skills (e.g., attention function, self-compassion), and increases in prosocial attitudes (shared humanity; Cohen’s ds= 0.31–0.47) compared to controls. There was no evidence for ASHF course impacts on health or risk behaviors, raising the possibility that these may take more time to change. The ASHF may represent an effective curricular approach to reducing and potentially preventing poor mental health and promoting flourishing in college students.

scholarly journals Using Social Media on Mental Health among University Medical Students in Abha City, Southern Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afnan Mastour Alammar ◽  
Safar A. Alsaleem ◽  
Abdulaziz Mohammed Al-Garni ◽  
Razan saeed alammar ◽  
Razan suliman alhumayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Way

Abstract BackgroundDuring the past 10 years, the rapid development of social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook, Twitter, snap chat, games and so on has caused several profound changes in the way people communicate and interact. SNSs are often defined as Web-based platforms that allow individuals to create their own personal profile and build a network of connections with other users. Today has more than one billion active users. And, it is clear that during the past 10 years, online social networking has caused significant changes in the way people communicate and interact affecting their mental and psychological health .This study aimed to assess social media utilization and its impact on mental health among medical college students in Abha city.MethodA cross sectional approach was used targeting college of medicine students in Abha city. Data were collected using structured questionnaire which developed by the researchers after intensive literature review and experts consultation. The questionnaire was uploaded online using social media platforms by the researchers and their relatives and friends to be filled with all population in Abha city.ResultsThe study included 311 students whose ages ranged from 17 to 29 years old with mean age of 22.8 ± 2.1 years. Female figured 64.6% of the participants and 90.7% of the students were not married. About 28.6% of the students were in the pre-clinical grades and 14.5% were interns. Those who use social media platforms for less than one hour daily were 2.6% of the students while 50.5% use it for 6 hours daily. As for used social media platforms, Snap chat and Twitter were the most used. Poor mental health was detected among nearly half of the students.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the study revealed that medical college students used social media platform intensively with reported high insomnia rate and poor mental health for half of them.

scholarly journals Sleep time, social jetlag and intelligence: biology or work timing?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter P. Ujma ◽  
Tanja G. Baudson ◽  
Róbert Bódizs ◽  
Martin Dresler
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Societal Pressure ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Wake Patterns ◽  
Flexible Work Schedules ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSleep-wake patterns show substantial biological determination, but they are also subject to individual choice and societal pressure. Some evidence suggests that high IQ is associated with later sleep patterns. However, t is therefore unclear whether the relationship between IQ and later sleep is due to biological or social effects, such as timing and flexibility of working hours. We investigated the association between habitual sleep timing during work days and work-free days, working time and intelligence in a sample of 1,172 adults. We found no difference in chronotype, and the later sleep timing of high-IQ individuals on work days was fully accounted for by later work start times.Our results indicate that later sleep timing in those with higher IQs is not due to physiological differences, but rather due to later or more flexible work schedules. Later working times and the resulting lower social jetlag may be one of the reasons why higher IQ is associated with lower prospective morbidity and mortality.Statement of significanceSome evidence shows that higher intelligence is associated with sleep characteristics, but it is unclear if this is because of biological or social mechanisms. We provide evidence for a social mechanism. We found that high IQ individuals indeed sleep later, but only on working days, and this difference is fully accounted for by later work timing. Our evidence is consistent with a view that highly intelligent individuals sleep later because they can afford to, consequently experience lower social jetlag, and this may partially account for better health outcomes.

A Longitudinal Study of Mental Health in Emerging Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica S. Bachmann ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj ◽  
Katja Haemmerli
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Consistency Model ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Health Model

Emerging adulthood is a time of instability. This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between mental health and need satisfaction among emerging adults over a period of five years and focused on gender-specific differences. Two possible causal models were examined: (1) the mental health model, which predicts that incongruence is due to the presence of impaired mental health at an earlier point in time; (2) the consistency model, which predicts that impaired mental health is due to a higher level of incongruence reported at an earlier point in time. Emerging adults (N = 1,017) aged 18–24 completed computer-assisted telephone interviews in 2003 (T1), 2005 (T2), and 2008 (T3). The results indicate that better mental health at T1 predicts a lower level of incongruence two years later (T2), when prior level of incongruence is controlled for. The same cross-lagged effect is shown for T3. However, the cross-lagged paths from incongruence to mental health are marginally associated when prior mental health is controlled for. No gender differences were found in the cross-lagged model. The results support the mental health model and show that incongruence does not have a long-lasting negative effect on mental health. The results highlight the importance of identifying emerging adults with poor mental health early to provide support regarding need satisfaction.

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