Comparison of metrics used to track central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) across a regional network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sonali D. Advani ◽  
Becky A. Smith ◽  
Jessica Seidelman ◽  
Nicholas Turner ◽  
Deverick J. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
Utilization Ratio ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract The paradoxical relationship between standardized infection ratio and standardized utilization ratio for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in contrast to central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), in addition to CAUTI definition challenges, incentivizes hospitals to focus their prevention efforts on urine culture stewardship rather than catheter avoidance and care.

scholarly journals Comparison of Metrics Used to Track CLABSIs and CAUTIs Across a Regional Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s178-s179
Author(s):  
Sonali Advani ◽  
Becky Smith ◽  
Jessica Seidelman ◽  
Nicholas Turner ◽  
Christopher Hostler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Preventable Harm ◽  
Device Use ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The standardized infection ratio (SIR) is the nationally adopted metric used to track and compare catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and central-line– associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Despite its widespread use, the SIR may not be suitable for all settings and may not capture all catheter harm. Our objective was to look at the correlation between SIR and device use for CAUTIs and CLABSIs across community hospitals in a regional network. Methods: We compared SIR and SUR (standardized utilization ratio) for CAUTIs and CLABSIs across 43 hospitals in the Duke Infection Control Outreach Network (DICON) using a scatter plot and calculated an R2 value. Hospitals were stratified into large (>70,000 patient days), medium (30,000–70,000 patient days), and small hospitals (<30,000 patient days) based on DICON’s benchmarking for community hospitals. Results: We reviewed 24 small, 11 medium, and 8 large hospitals within DICON. Scatter plots for comparison of SIRs and SURs for CLABSIs and CAUTIs across our network hospitals are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. We detected a weak positive overall correlation between SIR and SUR for CLABSIs (0.33; R2 = 0.11), but no correlation between SIR and SUR for CAUTIs (−0.07; R2 = 0.00). Of 15 hospitals with SUR >1, 7 reported SIR <1 for CLABSIs, whereas 10 of 13 hospitals with SUR >1 reported SIR <1 for CAUTIs. Smaller hospitals showed a better correlation for CLABSI SIR and SUR (0.37) compared to medium and large hospitals (0.19 and 0.22, respectively). Conversely, smaller hospitals showed no correlation between CAUTI SIR and SUR, whereas medium and larger hospitals showed a negative correlation (−0.31 and −0.39, respectively). Conclusions: Our data reveal a weak positive correlation between SIR and SUR for CLABSIs, suggesting that central line use impacts CLABSI SIR to some extent. However, we detected no correlation between SIR and SUR for CAUTIs in smaller hospitals and a negative correlation for medium and large hospitals. Some hospitals with low CAUTI SIRs might actually have higher device use, and vice versa. Therefore, the SIR alone does not adequately reflect preventable harm related to urinary catheters. Public reporting of SIR may incentivize hospitals to focus more on urine culture stewardship rather than reducing device utilization.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Surveillance of Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream and Urinary Tract Infections in a National Level Network of Indian Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s398-s399
Author(s):  
Purva Mathur ◽  
Paul Malpiedi ◽  
Kamini Walia ◽  
Rajesh Malhotra ◽  
Padmini Srikantiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
National Level ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Utilization Ratio ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major global threat to patient safety. Systematic surveillance is crucial for understanding HAI rates and antimicrobial resistance trends and to guide infection prevention and control (IPC) activities based on local epidemiology. In India, no standardized national HAI surveillance system was in place before 2017. Methods: Public and private hospitals from across 21 states in India were recruited to participate in an HAI surveillance network. Baseline assessments followed by trainings ensured that basic microbiology and IPC implementation capacity existed at all sites. Standardized surveillance protocols for central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) were modified from the NHSN for the Indian context. IPC nurses were trained to implement surveillance protocols. Data were reported through a locally developed web portal. Standardized external data quality checks were performed to assure data quality. Results: Between May 2017 and April 2019, 109 ICUs from 37 hospitals (29 public and 8 private) enrolled in the network, of which 33 were teaching hospitals with >500 beds. The network recorded 679,109 patient days, 212,081 central-line days, and 387,092 urinary catheter days. Overall, 4,301 bloodstream infection (BSI) events and 1,402 urinary tract infection (UTI) events were reported. The network CLABSI rate was 9.4 per 1,000 central-line days and the CAUTI rate was 3.4 per 1,000 catheter days. The central-line utilization ratio was 0.31 and the urinary catheter utilization ratio was 0.57. Moreover, 3,542 (73%) of 4,742 pathogens reported from BSIs and 868 (53%) of 1,644 pathogens reported from UTIs were gram negative. Also, 1,680 (26.3%) of all 6,386 pathogens reported were Enterobacteriaceae. Of 1,486 Enterobacteriaceae with complete antibiotic susceptibility testing data reported, 832 (57%) were carbapenem resistant. Of 951 Enterobacteriaceae subjected to colistin broth microdilution testing, 62 (7%) were colistin resistant. The surveillance platform identified 2 separate hospital-level HAI outbreaks; one caused by colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae and another due to Burkholderia cepacia. Phased expansion of surveillance to additional hospitals continues. Conclusions: HAI surveillance was successfully implemented across a national network of diverse hospitals using modified NHSN protocols. Surveillance data are being used to understand HAI burden and trends at the facility and national levels, to inform public policy, and to direct efforts to implement effective hospital IPC activities. This network approach to HAI surveillance may provide lessons to other countries or contexts with limited surveillance capacity.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals 1230Impact of Nonpayment for Preventable Infections on Billing Rates for Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections and Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S44-S44
Author(s):  
Alison Tse Kawai ◽  
Robert Jin ◽  
Stephen Soumerai ◽  
Louise Elaine Vaz ◽  
Melisa Rett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals No Device, No Problem? Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream and Urinary Tract Infections in a Children’s Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s73-s74
Author(s):  
Wendi Gornick ◽  
Beth Huff ◽  
Jasjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) definitions continue to be refined to ensure accuracy. As facilities decrease CLABSI and CAUTI, and as midline catheters become more widely utilized, we sought to understand our non–central-line bloodstream infections (NCLBSI) and non–catheter-associated urinary tract infections (NCAUTI). Total healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (HABSIs) and urinary tract infections (HAUTIs) may provide more objective measures. Methods: The CHOC Children’s Hospital is a 334-bed quaternary-care hospital in Orange, California, with 146 intensive care unit (ICU) beds. We retrospectively reviewed all HABSIs (CLABSIs + NCLBSIs) and HAUTIs (CAUTIs + NCAUTIs) from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2019, for demographic and microbiologic data. Both HABSI and HAUTI were defined as healthcare-associated infection when the date of event occurs on or after the third calendar day of admission. CLABSI and CAUTI were both defined using CDC-NHSN criteria. Mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections were excluded. Results: In a 3-year period, there were 100 HABSIs, of which 26 (26%) were NCLBSIs. The mean age for HABSI was 81 months. Enteric gram-negative infections (42%) and Staphylococcus aureus (35%) were the most common etiology for NCLBSI. The most common etiologies for CLABSI were coagulase-negative staphylococci (23%), Staphylococcus aureus (22%), and enteric gram-negatives (22%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 16% of CLABSIs, but no NCLBSIs (Fig. 1). There was 1 midline catheter NCLBSI. There were 49 HAUTIs, of which 39 (80%) were NCAUTIs. One asymptomatic bacteremic urinary tract infection was included with the CAUTIs. The mean age for HAUTI was 55 months. The most common etiology of CAUTI was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50%), whereas for NCAUTI the most common etiology was enteric gram-negative organisms (69%) (Fig. 2). In total, 11 HAUTIs (22%) resulted in secondary sepsis. Most HABSIs and HAUTIs occurred in the ICU setting. There were 6 deaths (6%) among HABSI patients and 3 deaths (8%) among HAUTI patients within 2 weeks of infection (Fig. 3). Conclusions: A preponderance of HABSIs were CLABSIs, but most HAUTIs were NCAUTIs. Although patient demographic and microbiologic differences exist in CLABSIs and NCLBSIs as well as CAUTIs and NCAUTIs, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are important pathogens, particularly in device-associated infections. Trending total numbers of HABSIs and HAUTIs may be less subjective and may avert the shifting of categories seen with increased use of midline catheters. In addition, non–device-associated infections are potential causes of morbidity and mortality.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

URINARY INFECTION AT DEPARTMENT OF UROLOGY OF HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Dinh Khanh Le ◽  
Dinh Dam Le ◽  
Khoa Hung Nguyen ◽  
Xuan My Nguyen ◽  
Minh Nhat Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives: To investigate clinical characteristics, bacterial characteristics, drug resistance status in patients with urinary tract infections treated at Department of Urology, Hue University Hospital. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in 474 patients with urological disease treated at Department of Urology, Hue Universiry Hospital from July 2017 to April 2018. Urine culture was done in the patients with urine > 25 Leu/ul who have symptoms of urinary tract disease or infection symptoms. Patients with positive urine cultures were analyzed for clinical and bacterial characteristics. Results: 187/474 (39.5%) patients had symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. 85/474 (17.9%) patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The positive urine culture rate was 45.5%. Symptoms of UTI were varied, and no prominent symptoms. E. coli accounts for the highest proportion (46.67%), followed by, Staphycoccus aureus (10.67%), Pseudomonas aeruginsa (8,0%), Streptococcus faecali and Proteus (2.67%). ESBL - producing E. coli was 69.23%, ESBL producing Enterobacter spp was 33.33%. Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to meropenem, imipenem, amikacin while gram positive are vancomycin-sensitive. Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections varied and its typical symptoms are unclear. E.coli is a common bacterium (46.67%). Isolated bacteria have a high rate of resistance to some common antibiotics especially the third generation cephalosporins and quinolones. Most bacteria are resistant to multiple antibiotics at the same time. Gram (+) bacteria are susceptible to vancomycin, and gram (-) bacteria are susceptible to cefoxitin, amikacin, and carbapenem. Key words: urinary tract infection

Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants Younger Than 8 Weeks of Age

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen F. Crain ◽  
Jeffrey C. Gershel
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Tract Infections

In this prospective study of 442 infants younger than 8 weeks of age who attended a pediatric emergency department with temperature ≥100.6°F (38.1° C), urinary tract infections (UTIs) were found in 33 patients (7.5%), 2 of whom were bacteremic. Clinical and laboratory data were not helpful for identifying UTIs. Of the 33 patients with UTIs, 32 had urinalyses recorded; 16 were suggestive of a UTI (more than five white blood cells per high-power field or any bacteria present). Of the 16 infants with apparently normal urinalysis results, three had an emergency department diagnosis suggesting an alternative bacterial focus of infection. If the physician had decided on the basis of apparently normal urinalysis results to forgo obtaining a urine culture, more than half of the UTIs would have been missed. Bag-collected specimens were significantly more likely to yield indeterminate urine culture results than either catheter or suprapublic specimens. In addition, uncircumcised males were significantly more likely to have a UTI than circumcised boys. These results suggest that a suprapubic or catheter-obtained urine specimen for culture is a necessary part of the evaluation of all febrile infants younger than 8 weeks of age, regardless of the urinalysis findings or another focus of presumed bacterial infection.

Culturing practices and the care of the urinary catheter in reducing NHSN-defined catheter-associated urinary tract infections: The tale of two teaching hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1494-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Bardossy ◽  
Takiah Williams ◽  
Karen Jones ◽  
Susan Szpunar ◽  
Marcus Zervos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Catheter Care

AbstractWe compared interventions to improve urinary catheter care and urine culturing in adult intensive care units of 2 teaching hospitals. Compared to hospital A, hospital B had lower catheter utilization, more compliance with appropriate indications and maintenance, but higher urine culture use and more positive urine cultures per 1,000 patient days.

scholarly journals Clinical, Epidemiological and Bacteriological Profile of Culture Positive Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Children – A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 522-526
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankar Rokkam ◽  
Chowdary Babu Menni ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Deepak Kumar Alikana
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Culture Positive

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTI) constitute a common cause of morbidity in infants and children. When associated with abnormalities of urinary tract, they may lead to long-term complications including renal scarring, loss of function and hypertension. Most urinary tract infections remain undiagnosed if investigations are not routinely performed to detect them. Prompt detection and treatment of urinary tract infections and any complicating factors are important. The objective of the study is to know the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile (i.e. clinical signs and symptoms, age, sex, family history, associated urinary tract abnormalities, & causative organisms) of urinary tract infections in febrile children with culture positive urinary tract infection. METHODS This descriptive, cross sectional observational study was conducted at outpatient clinics of our “child health clinics” between May 2016 and April 2017 (one year). All children aged 0 to 12 years with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile. RESULTS A total of 69 children with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study. Out of 69 children included in this study, 36 (52.2 %) were females and 33 (47.8 %) were males. Overall female preponderance was seen and the M: F ratio was 0.9:1. But during first year of life in our study group we had more boys (10, 14.49 %) affected with urinary tract infection than girls. 49.3 % of urinary tract infections in the present study belonged to lower socio-economic status. Most common organism causing urinary tract infection in our group was E. coli (56.5 %). Fever (100 %), anorexia or refusal of feeds (52.2 %), dysuria (46.4 %), vomiting (46.4 %) and abdominal pain (39.1 %) were the predominant clinical manifestations observed in our study. CONCLUSIONS Urinary tract infection is a common medical problem in children and it should be considered as a potential cause of fever in children. As febrile children with urinary tract infection usually present with non-specific signs and symptoms, urine culture should be considered as a part of diagnostic evaluation. KEYWORDS Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Febrile Children, Bacteriological Profile, Urine Culture

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