scholarly journals Exploring the impact of adverse childhood experiences on symptomatic and functional outcomes in adulthood: advances, limitations and considerations

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
J. Cotter ◽  
A. R. Yung
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Impact

Exposure to traumatic experiences in childhood is a risk (and potentially causal) factor for the development of a range of adverse physical and mental health conditions. In addition to the onset of clinical disorders, there is emerging evidence that childhood trauma may also be associated with other long-term outcomes, such as the persistence and severity of an individual’s symptoms, as well as their long-term social and occupational functioning. However, the reasons for this remain poorly understood. A greater understanding both of the mediators that drive these associations, and those variables that enhance resilience against such damaging experiences may help to inform effective therapeutic interventions. In addition to biological and cognitive measures, there is a need to consider social and environmental factors, such as parental bonding and attachment, when investigating these complex relationships.

scholarly journals Covid, racism and Black Lives Matter: A deadly constellation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Graham Music
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Stress ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minority Ethnic

This paper looks at how people from Black and Minority Ethnic groups have been disproportionately affected by COVID. The paper links this with both psycho-social factors and childhood stress and trauma. It looks at the effects of unconscious racism on the minds and physiology of those affected. The relationship between the impact of stress, trauma, racism and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) is discussed, and how ACEs are linked with very poor later physical and mental health outcomes. The article suggests that these issues are highly over determined but that for change to occur we need interventions at a range of levels, from the macro-political, psychosocial, individual and economic, including unconscious implicit biases.

Adverse childhood experiences and trauma informed care: treating the whole patient with a more complete osteopathic approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Brian Marcoux
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
System Level ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In 1998, a seminal study identified a strong connection between participants’ exposures to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the development of risk factors for serious health conditions later in life. More than two decades later, leaders in both policy and health care professions now appreciate the impact of social determinants of health, including the enormous societal costs incurred by deleterious experiences, and recognize that treating illness begins with prevention in early childhood. The trauma informed care (TIC) model offers a treatment approach that lends consideration to the traumatic experiences that impact a given patient and allows for more complete treatment by their physician. Delivering care under the TIC model encourages trauma identification, early intervention, system level awareness and policy change, and avoiding retraumatization in the therapeutic setting. Various programs across the country seek to employ these methods at the community, state, and federal level. Several programs aimed at introducing medical students to these principles have contributed to an incorporation of TIC within the physician pipeline. In this Commentary, the author proposes an expansion of the Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine with a fifth principle—considering the implications of a patient’s past formative experiences, their present life circumstances, and their future prospects—as a vehicle for instilling TIC principles ubiquitously throughout osteopathic medical training to develop physicians who treat the whole person more completely and are better equipped to manage this public health crisis.

scholarly journals underdog DREAMS: Improving Long-Term Quality of Life Outcomes for Florida’s Foster Youth and Families

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Bell ◽  
Slyving Bourdeau ◽  
Asha Davis ◽  
Amanda Stanec ◽  
Derrick Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Foster Youth ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Foster Care System ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Children and youth in the foster care system face significant and continuing barriers to both physical and mental health, including lack of a medical home, disruptions in primary care providers, frequent moves to new homes, excessive caseloads for oversight providers, and at times continuing exposure to the risk factors that are considered Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). The underdog DREAMS project sought to alter the course of the foster youth experience via a tri-part model that focused on clinical, research, and advocacy interventions for foster youth and the development of the workforce that supports them through training on the impacts of trauma and poverty.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences: Mechanisms of risk and resilience in a longitudinal urban cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1418-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Giovanelli ◽  
Christina F. Mondi ◽  
Arthur J. Reynolds ◽  
Suh-Ruu Ou
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThere is an extensive literature describing the detrimental effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACE; e.g., abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction) on physical and mental health. However, few large-scale studies have explored these associations longitudinally in urban minority cohorts or assessed links to broader measures of well-being such as educational attainment, occupation, and crime. Although adversity and resilience have long been of interest in developmental psychology, protective and promotive factors have been understudied in the ACE literature. This paper investigates the psychosocial processes through which ACEs contribute to outcomes, in addition to exploring ways to promote resilience to ACEs in vulnerable populations. Follow-up data were analyzed for 87% of the original 1,539 participants in the Chicago Longitudinal Study (N = 1,341), a prospective investigation of the impact of an Early Childhood Education program and early experiences on life-course well-being. Findings suggest that ACEs impact well-being in low-socioeconomic status participants above and beyond the effects of demographic risk and poverty, and point to possible mechanisms of transmission of ACE effects. Results also identify key areas across the ecological system that may promote resilience to ACEs, and speak to the need to continue to support underserved communities in active ways.

The Interrelationship Between Empathy and Adverse Childhood Experiences and Their Impact on Juvenile Recidivism

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-67
Author(s):  
Chelsey Narvey ◽  
Jennifer Yang ◽  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Michael Baglivio ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Juvenile Recidivism ◽  
Residential Placement ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Traumatic Exposure ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

Low empathy has been implicated in antisocial, aggressive, and criminal behavior, especially among adolescents. Less understood is the extent to which empathy is amenable to treatment, and whether an improvement in empathy can mitigate the deleterious effects of known risk factors, such as childhood maltreatment. A sample of 11,000 serious juvenile offenders in long-term residential placement is leveraged to examine whether over cumulative traumatic exposure, measured by the adverse childhood experience (ACE) score, is associated with the initial level of empathy at admission to a residential program, and whether changes in empathy during treatment moderate the impact of ACEs on juvenile recidivism. Results show youth with higher ACE scores have less empathy at admission and both ACEs and empathy predict recidivism. Most importantly, large gains in empathy are able to dampen the effect of ACEs on recidivism.

Long-term medical consequences of the crisis at the US–Mexico Border

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
Marcela Almeida ◽  
Maxwell R Rovner
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract The recent changes in policy at the Southern American Border have urged a number of medical entities and social and human rights organizations to become vocal about its possible long-term outcomes in the lives of the affected families. This reaction is supported by robust scientific evidence on the impact of adverse childhood experiences and perceived racial discrimination, among others, on mental and physical health outcomes.

Terapia zorientowana na traumę w placówkach ochrony zdrowia

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw R. Romaniuk ◽  
Kathleen J. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Selection Of

The recognition of traumatic experiences across all aspects of human life has spurred the development of research on the impacts of trauma in various segments of society. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study (ACES) first documented the correlation between childhood trauma exposure and physical and mental health disorders in adulthood. Further studies provided additional evidence of the long lasting impacts of trauma and led to practices to decrease re-traumatizing policies and practices. Trauma informed care (TIC) offers concepts and approaches for successful engagement and effective treatment for trauma survivors. This paper presents six basic principles of TIC and the methods for their application. This study also presents the results of research on the importance of understanding an individual’s conceptualization of the trauma event. It has been suggested that the individual’s unique perceptions of the trauma experience should influence the selection of an appropriate therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Building Resilience Against the Sequelae of Adverse Childhood Experiences: Rise Up, Change Your Life, and Reform Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Building Resilience ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

A reformed approach to health care tackles health at its roots. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in those exposed to them may contribute significantly to the root causes of many diseases of lifestyle. ACEs are traumatic experiences, such as physical and emotional abuse and exposure to risky family environments. In 1998, a ground-breaking study found that nearly 70% of Americans experience at least 1 ACE in their lifetime, and graded exposure is associated with the presence of mental health disorders, heart disease, cancer, and other chronic diseases. Over the past 20 years, evidence has demonstrated further disease risk, outcomes, and epigenetic underpinnings in children and adults with ACEs. Building resilience—the capacity to adapt in healthy ways to traumatic experiences—through lifestyle modification offers potential to combat the negative health effects associated with ACEs. Emerging research demonstrates resilience is cultivated through individual skills (emotional intelligence, coping, and fostering healthy lifestyle choices), and nurturing supportive relationships. Being mindful of the impact and prevalence of ACEs and diversity of individuals’ experiences in society will help build resilience and combat the root cause of chronic disease. This review aims to cultivate that awareness and will discuss 3 objectives: to discuss the effects and hypothesized pathophysiological underpinnings of traumatic experiences in childhood on health and wellbeing throughout life, to present ways we can promote resilience in our daily lives and patient encounters, and to demonstrate how advocacy for the reduction of ACEs and promotion of resilient, trauma-informed environments are fundamental to health care reform.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence for Coping with the Consequences of Childhood Trauma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Amélia Moreira Sarafim-Silva ◽  
Daniel Galera Bernabé
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Emotional Process ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Individual

Childhood trauma has been a serious public health problem and its long-term repercussions are widely studied. Childhood trauma can deregulate the stress-related biological pathways, incapacitating the individual to process these experiences and, consequently, producing a lasting impact in later stages of life. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences has been associated with poorer quality of life and a higher risk for harmful behaviors and illness. The emotional consequences of childhood trauma are inevitable, and the development of strategies for their coping and manage become decisive and urgent. In this chapter we will cover the most current perspectives on childhood trauma, its impact on later life stages and the resulting emotional process. Finally, it will be discussed how emotional intelligence can be a useful resource for coping with stressful situations resulting from traumatic experiences in childhood.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON DAILY SUPPORT TO FAMILY AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING IN ADULTHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S235-S235
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Kong ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Extensive evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can lead to negative health effects across a lifetime. This study examines the impact of ACEs on the frequency of providing daily support (i.e., unpaid assistance, emotional support, and disability-related assistance) to family members and the moderating effects of ACEs in the association between providing daily support to family and daily negative affect. Using the National Study of Daily Experiences II, we analyzed a total of 14,912 daily interviews from 2,022 respondents aged 56 on average. Key results showed that a greater number of ACEs were associated with providing more frequent emotional support to family. We also found the significant interaction effect that adults with more ACEs showed greater negative affect on the days when they provided assistance to family members with disabilities. The findings underscore the long-term negative impact of ACEs on daily well-being in the context of family relationships.

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