Relationship between symptom dimensions and white matter alterations in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiyo Yagi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hirano ◽  
Michiko Nakazato ◽  
Kiyotaka Nemoto ◽  
Kazuhiro Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the severities of symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and white matter alterations.MethodsWe applied tract-based spatial statistics for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) acquired by 3T magnetic resonance imaging. First, we compared fractional anisotropy (FA) between 20 OCD patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). Then, applying whole brain analysis, we searched the brain regions showing correlations between the severities of symptom dimensions assessed by Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and FA in all participants. Finally, we calculated the correlations between the six symptom dimensions and multiple DTI measures [FA, axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD)] in a region-of-interest (ROI) analysis and explored the differences between OCD patients and HC.ResultsThere were no between-group differences in FA or brain region correlations between the severities of symptom dimensions and FA in any of the participants. ROI analysis revealed negative correlations between checking severity and left inferior frontal gyrus white matter and left middle temporal gyrus white matter and a positive correlation between ordering severity and right precuneus in FA in OCD compared with HC. We also found negative correlations between ordering severity and right precuneus in RD, between obsessing severities and right supramarginal gyrus in AD and MD, and between hoarding severity and right insular gyrus in AD.ConclusionOur study supported the hypothesis that the severities of respective symptom dimensions are associated with different patterns of white matter alterations.

White Matter Changes in OCD Revealed by Diffusion Tensor Imaging

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Fontenelle ◽  
Ivanei E. Bramati ◽  
Jorge Moll ◽  
Mauro V. Mendlowicz ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate white matter (WM) abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its relationship to severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.MethodsConventional and diffusion tensor imaging were acquired in nine patients with OCD and nine gender- and age-matched healthy volunteers. Changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were investigated using selected regions of interest (ROIs) analyses and whole brain tract-based spatial statistic analyses. A priori ROIs were placed bilaterally in internal capsule (IC), superior longitudinal fascicule (SLF), cingulate bundle (CB), and corpus calosum (CC).ResultsROIs analyses showed that, as compared to healthy volunteers, patients with OCD exhibited reduced FA values bilaterally in regions of the posterior limb of the IC and in the SLF and increased MD values bilaterally in the posterior limb of the IC, in the left CB, and in the splenium of CC. Voxelwise analysis showed that, as compared to controls, patients with OCD exhibited reduced FA and increased MD in regions of the cortical spinal tract (genu and posterior limb of internal capsule and corona radiata) and the SLF. Severity of OCD correlated with WM alterations in different brain regions, ie, the left (rho=0.70 [MD]) and right (rho=0.70 [MD]) anterior limb of the IC, the left (rho=0.97 [MD]) and right SLF (rho=0.81 [MD]), and the genu of CC (rho=0.66 [MD]; rho=-0.69 [FA]).ConclusionOur findings support the involvement of different WM tracts in OCD and suggest that greater impairment in WM integrity is associated with increased severity of OCD symptoms.

scholarly journals Neurocircuitry of Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder as Revealed by Tractography: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Varjão Vieira ◽  
Paula Ricci Arantes ◽  
Clement Hamani ◽  
Ricardo Iglesio ◽  
Kleber Paiva Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Deep Brain

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) was proposed in 1999 to treat refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite the accumulated experience over more than two decades, 30–40% of patients fail to respond to this procedure. One potential reason to explain why some patients do not improve in the postoperative period is that DBS might not have engaged structural therapeutic networks that are crucial to a favorable outcome in non-responders. This article reviews magnetic resonance imaging diffusion studies (DTI-MRI), analyzing neural networks likely modulated by DBS in OCD patients and their corresponding clinical outcome.Methods: We used a systematic review process to search for studies published from 2005 to 2020 in six electronic databases. Search terms included obsessive-compulsive disorder, deep brain stimulation, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion tractography, tractography, connectome, diffusion analyses, and white matter. No restriction was made concerning the surgical target, DTI-MRI technique and the method of data processing.Results: Eight studies published in the last 15 years were fully assessed. Most of them used 3 Tesla DTI-MRI, and different methods of data acquisition and processing. There was no consensus on potential structures and networks underlying DBS effects. Most studies stimulated the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC)/nucleus accumbens. However, the contribution of different white matter pathways that run through the ALIC for the effects of DBS remains elusive. Moreover, the improvement of cognitive and affective symptoms in OCD patients probably relies on electric modulation of distinct networks.Conclusion: Though, tractography is a valuable tool to understand neural circuits, the effects of modulating different fiber tracts in OCD are still unclear. Future advances on image acquisition and data processing and a larger number of studies are still required for the understanding of the role of tractography-based targeting and to clarify the importance of different tracts for the mechanisms of DBS.

WHITE MATTER ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: A DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING STUDY

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 780-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Nishanth Jayarajan ◽  
Ganesan Venkatasubramanian ◽  
Biju Viswanath ◽  
Y.C. Janardhan Reddy ◽  
Shoba Srinath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
White Matter Abnormalities ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

scholarly journals White Matter Microstructure and its Relation to Clinical Features of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Findings from the ENIGMA OCD Working Group

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Piras ◽  
Federica Piras ◽  
Yoshinari Abe ◽  
Sri Mahavir Agarwal ◽  
Alan Anticevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Microstructural Alterations ◽  
Pediatric Ocd ◽  
Medication Status

ABSTRACTImportanceMicrostructural alterations in cortico-subcortical connections are thought to be present in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, prior studies have yielded inconsistent findings, perhaps because small sample sizes provided insufficient power to detect subtle abnormalities.ObjectiveTo investigate microstructural white matter alterations and their relation to clinical features in the largest dataset of adult and pediatric OCD to date.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional case-control magnetic resonance study, we investigated diffusion tensor imaging metrics from 700 adult patients and 645 adult controls, as well as 174 pediatric patients and 144 pediatric controls across 19 sites participating in the ENIGMA-OCD Working Group.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWe extracted measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) as main outcome, and mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity as secondary outcomes for 25 white matter regions. We meta-analyzed patient-control group differences (Cohen’s d) across sites, after adjusting for age and sex, and investigated associations with clinical characteristics.ResultsAdult OCD patients showed significant FA reduction in the sagittal stratum (d=-0.21, z=-3.21, p=0.001) and posterior thalamic radiation (d=-0.26, z=-4.57, p<0.0001). In the sagittal stratum only, lower FA was associated with a younger age of onset (z=2.71, p=0.006), longer duration of illness (z=-2.086, p=0.036) and a higher percentage of medicated patients in the cohorts studied (z=-1.98, p=0.047). No significant association with symptom severity was found. Pediatric OCD patients did not show any detectable microstructural abnormalities compared to matched controls.Conclusions and RelevanceMicrostructural alterations in projection and association fibers to posterior brain regions were found in adult OCD, and related to disease course and medication status. Such results are relevant to models positing deficits in connectivity as a crucial mechanism in OCD.KEY POINTSQuestionDo patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) show white matter microstructural alterations, and are these alterations related to clinical features?FindingsData from 19 sites of the ENIGMA-OCD Consortium were included, involving 700 adult patients and 645 adult controls, 174 pediatric patients and 144 pediatric controls. Diffusion tensor imaging data were meta-analyzed using a harmonized data processing and analysis protocol. Adult, but not pediatric, patients showed alterations in the sagittal stratum and posterior thalamic radiation; sagittal stratum differences were associated with clinical features.MeaningMicrostructural abnormalities found in adult but not in the pediatric cohort, are related to illness duration and medication status.

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging Before and 3 Months After Concentrated Exposure Response Prevention in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilde Brecke ◽  
Anders Lillevik Thorsen ◽  
Olga Therese Ousdal ◽  
Chris Vriend ◽  
Dag Alnæs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Background: Subtle differences in white matter microstructure have been found in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared to controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but it is unclear if and how this change after treatment. The primary aim of this pre-registered study was to investigate white matter integrity between OCD patients and controls and changes after concentrated exposure and response prevention (ERP).Methods: Fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD) and mean diffusivity (MD) were estimated using FMRIB Software Library (FSL). The images were registered to a study-specific template using a longitudinal pipeline based on full tensor information in DTI-TK. Voxel-based analysis was performed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Using SPSS, we compared the integrity in three bilateral regions of interest (ROI), the sagittal stratum, posterior thalamic radiation and cingulum, in 32 OCD patients and 30 matched healthy controls at baseline. Patients received a four-day concentrated ERP format. We investigated longitudinal changes in 26 OCD patients and 22 healthy controls at 3months follow-up using repeated-measures ANOVA. Exploratory t-tests were conducted for AD and MD. Secondary hypothesis used linear regression to investigate if baseline FA predict treatment outcome 3 months later, and if patients with illness onset before 18 years of age would show lower FA in sagittal stratum. Finally, we performed sensitivity analysis on medication and comorbidity influences on FA.Results: Three months after treatment, 77% of the patients were in remission. Contrary to our hypotheses, we did not find any significant differences in FA, RD, AD or MD between the groups before treatment, nor significant group by time effects in any of the ROI. None of the baseline FA measures significantly predicted treatment outcome. Illness onset before 18 years of age did not significantly predict FA in the sagittal stratum. Adjusting for medication or comorbid anxiety or mood disorder did not influence the results.Conclusions: Although concentrated ERP in OCD lead to high remission, we did not find significant long-term changes by DTI. Future studies will benefit from using larger sample sizes and multi-shell diffusion-weighted imaging when investigating white matter microstructure in OCD and underlying neurobiological mechanisms of treatment.

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