Modulation of the relationship between summer temperatures in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and Arctic over the past millennium by external forcings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Feng Shi ◽  
Anmin Duan ◽  
Qiuzhen Yin ◽  
John T Bruun ◽  
Cunde Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Temperature Correlation ◽  
The Past ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
Centennial Variation ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Past Millennium

Abstract The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and Arctic both have an important influence on global climate, but the correlation between climate variations in these two regions remains unclear. Here we reconstructed and compared the summer temperature anomalies over the past 1,120 yr (900–2019 CE) in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and Arctic. The temperature correlation during the past millennium in these two regions has a distinct centennial variation caused by volcanic eruptions. Furthermore, the abrupt weak-to-strong transition in the temperature correlation during the sixteenth century could be analogous to this type of transition during the Modern Warm Period. The former was forced by volcanic eruptions, while the latter was controlled by changes in greenhouse gases. This implies that anthropogenic, as opposed to natural, forcing has acted to amplify the teleconnection between the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and Arctic during the Modern Warm Period.

Arctic climate over the past millennium: Annual and seasonal responses to external forcings

The Holocene ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Crespin ◽  
H Goosse ◽  
T Fichefet ◽  
A Mairesse ◽  
Y Sallaz-Damaz
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Climate ◽  
The Past ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
Past Millennium ◽  
Seasonal Responses

Volcanoes and ENSO over the Past Millennium

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 3134-3148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Emile-Geay ◽  
Richard Seager ◽  
Mark A. Cane ◽  
Edward R. Cook ◽  
Gerald H. Haug
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Explosive Volcanism ◽  
The Past ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Volcanic Forcing ◽  
El Niño Events ◽  
Past Millennium ◽  
El Nino Events

Abstract The controversial claim that El Niño events might be partially caused by radiative forcing due to volcanic aerosols is reassessed. Building on the work of Mann et al., estimates of volcanic forcing over the past millennium and a climate model of intermediate complexity are used to draw a diagram of El Niño likelihood as a function of the intensity of volcanic forcing. It is shown that in the context of this model, only eruptions larger than that of Mt. Pinatubo (1991, peak dimming of about 3.7 W m−2) can shift the likelihood and amplitude of an El Niño event above the level of the model’s internal variability. Explosive volcanism cannot be said to trigger El Niño events per se, but it is found to raise their likelihood by 50% on average, also favoring higher amplitudes. This reconciles, on one hand, the demonstration by Adams et al. of a statistical relationship between explosive volcanism and El Niño and, on the other hand, the ability to predict El Niño events of the last 148 yr without knowledge of volcanic forcing. The authors then focus on the strongest eruption of the millennium (A.D. 1258), and show that it is likely to have favored the occurrence of a moderate-to-strong El Niño event in the midst of prevailing La Niña–like conditions induced by increased solar activity during the well-documented Medieval Climate Anomaly. Compiling paleoclimate data from a wide array of sources, a number of important hydroclimatic consequences for neighboring areas is documented. The authors propose, in particular, that the event briefly interrupted a solar-induced megadrought in the southwestern United States. Most of the time, however, volcanic eruptions are found to be too small to significantly affect ENSO statistics.

scholarly journals Impact of known local and tropical volcanic eruptions of the past millennium on the WAIS Divide microparticle record

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 4712-4716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bess G. Koffman ◽  
Karl J. Kreutz ◽  
Andrei V. Kurbatov ◽  
Nelia W. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Millennium

scholarly journals Divergent El Niño responses to volcanic eruptions at different latitudes over the past millennium

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 3799-3812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Jinbao Li ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Tim Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Millennium

scholarly journals Global hydroclimatic response to tropical volcanic eruptions over the last millennium

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. e2019145118
Author(s):  
Ernesto Tejedor ◽  
Nathan J. Steiger ◽  
Jason E. Smerdon ◽  
Roberto Serrano-Notivoli ◽  
Mathias Vuille
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
South American ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Model Response ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Past Millennium

Large tropical volcanic eruptions can affect the climate of many regions on Earth, yet it is uncertain how the largest eruptions over the past millennium may have altered Earth’s hydroclimate. Here, we analyze the global hydroclimatic response to all the tropical volcanic eruptions over the past millennium that were larger than the Mount Pinatubo eruption of 1991. Using the Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation product (PHYDA), we find that these large volcanic eruptions tended to produce dry conditions over tropical Africa, Central Asia and the Middle East and wet conditions over much of Oceania and the South American monsoon region. These anomalies are statistically significant, and they persisted for more than a decade in some regions. The persistence of the anomalies is associated with southward shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone and sea surface temperature changes in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. We compare the PHYDA results with the stand-alone model response of the Community Earth System Model (CESM)-Last Millennium Ensemble. We find that the proxy-constrained PHYDA estimates are larger and more persistent than the responses simulated by CESM. Understanding which of these estimates is more realistic is critical for accurately characterizing the hydroclimate risks of future volcanic eruptions.

scholarly journals Jahrringforschung und Klimawandel in den borealen Wäldern | Annual ring research and climate change in boreal forests

2002 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz H. Schweingruber
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Boreal Zone ◽  
Ring Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Northern Hemispheric

For a climatological interpretation of annual-ring sequences we used the northern hemispheric tree-ring network collected by the WSL for the boreal zone and subalpine areas. Ring width and maximum densities point to climatological events of short duration triggered by volcanic eruptions, as well as decennial and centennial changes of summer temperatures over the past 8000 years. The current warm period roughly corresponds to that which occurred around AD 1000.

The forced response of Asian Summer Monsoon precipitation during the past 1500 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Wang ◽  
Jianglin Wang ◽  
Jia Jia ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asian Summer

<p>Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is one of the critical elements of the global climate system, and strongly affects food production and security of most people over Asia. However, the characteristics and the forcing drivers of the ASM system at decadal to centennial time scales remain unclear. To address these issues, we report four 1500-yr long climate model simulations based on the Community Earth System Model (CESM), including full-forced run (ALLR), control run (CTRL), natural run (NAT), and anthropogenic run (ANTH). After evaluating the performances of the CESM in simulating ASM precipitation, a 10-100 bandpass filter is applied to obtain the decadal-centennial signals in ASM precipitation. The main conclusions are (1) the variation of ASM intensity shows significant decadal to centennial periodicities in the ALLR, such as ~15, ~25, ~40, and ~70 years. (2) the major spatial-temporal ASM precipitation distributions in the ALLR show an external forced mode and climate internal variability mode, respectively. (3) The leading forced mode of ASM precipitation is mainly affected by natural forcing over the past 1500 years and characterizes a meridional spatial 'tripole' mode. In the NAT (solar irradiation and volcanic eruptions), the substantial warming (cooling) over the western tropical Pacific enhances (or reduces) the SST gradient change in the tropical Pacific, and modifying the ASM rainfall distribution. Our findings contribute to better understanding of the ASM in the past, and provide implications for future projections of the ASM under global warming.</p>

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