Zygosity Testing: Laboratory and the Investigator's Judgment

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Physical Similarity ◽  
Laboratory Error ◽  
Accurate Indication ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Physical Resemblance

AbstractThe immediate global impressions of zygosity (based upon physical similarity) were recorded by the investigator at initial meetings with 105 pairs of twins. The accuracy of these ratings, as well as classifications provided by two objective procedures (physical resemblance questionnaire; dermatoglyphic analyses) and two subjective procedures (parental impressions; physician's impressions), were evaluated by comparison with results from bloodtyping for 53 pairs. The judgments of the investigator furnished the most accurate indication of zygosity (94-96% accuracy). Laboratory tests were repeated for five pairs when the results proved incompatible with the investigator's ratings. In all five cases, the investigator's judgments were confirmed, indicating that a laboratory error had occurred. It appears that the opinion of a skilled observer of twins can provide a convenient and highly effective alternative to bloodtyping.

Kaolin Particle Film Prevents Galling by Gynaikothrips uzeli

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Held ◽  
Corey Wheeler ◽  
David W. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Ficus Benjamina ◽  
Choice Tests

Feeding by Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmerman (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), a pest thrips, induces galls on the ornamental plant Ficus benjamina, which disfigures plants and can facilitate incidental transport of pests. This study evaluated foliar applications of azadirachtin (Azatin XL), bifenthrin (Talstar), or kaolin (Surround WP) to prevent galling in field and laboratory experiments. Azadirachtin did not significantly prevent galling, but kaolin-treated cuttings had 80% reduction in number of galls in laboratory tests, and in the field, kaolintreated plants had ≥ 74% reduction in number of galls versus unprotected plants. Weekly applications of kaolin provided comparable protection to bifenthrin. Laboratory choice and no-choice tests indicate kaolin is not lethal and adult G. uzeli do not avoid kaolin-treated surfaces. Particle film products are an effective alternative to insecticides for preventing leaf galls on weeping fig. Accepted for publication 18 February 2009. Published 7 April 2009.

Citrate therapy: a highly effective alternative to surgery in patients with uretral uric acid stones

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
E.A. Frolova ◽  
◽  
D.G. Tsarichenko ◽  
V.S. Saenko ◽  
L.M. Rapoport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Uric Acid Stones ◽  
Highly Effective

scholarly journals Modelling and Simulation of Static Excitation System in Synchronous Machine Operation and Investigation of Shaft Voltage

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Datta ◽  
Manisha Dubey ◽  
Shailendra Jain
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Excitation System ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Special Machine ◽  
Fft Analysis

Static excitation system (SES) has been implemented in a specially designed synchronous machine installed in a testing laboratory. This is a large capacity single machine operated in dual mode (i.e., motor or generator) with the help of static sources. It is well known that bearings of the rotating machines are vulnerable to the effects of the shaft voltages caused by the static sources. Shaft voltage is the prime concern for this special machine too due to SES. To find out the exact cause of the shaft voltage, SES of this machine has been modelled with Power Systems software. Various waveforms drawn from the model are validated through computer simulations and actual laboratory tests. Sources of shaft voltages are also analysed thereafter with the FFT analysis of the rotor voltage and current waveforms.

Highly effective alternative aryl trihydroxyborate salts for a ligand-free, on-water Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basudeb Basu ◽  
Kinkar Biswas ◽  
Sekhar Kundu ◽  
Sujit Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Ligand Free ◽  
Highly Effective

Hygienic Hand Disinfection

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Rotter
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Hand Disinfection ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Finger Tip ◽  
Comparability Of Results

AbstractThe purpose of hygienic hand disinfection is to render hands safe after contact with pathogens. Comparing effects of disinfection procedures on infection ratios is too difficult for routine purposes but the degerming efficacy may be determined in laboratory tests with volunteers. In the Vienna test model the efficacy of a specific procedure being tested is compared to that of a standard disinfection (rubbing into hands 3 ml of iso-propanol 60% v/v, 30 seconds, twice) tested in parallel with the same volunteers. This ensures standardization, thus comparability of results between laboratories, and provides the investigator with a yardstick for efficacy. The model includes artificial contamination, assessment of the release of test bacteria (E. Coli ATCC 11229) before and after disinfection by the finger tip method, and addition of neutralizers to sampling fluids. Alcohols in appropriate concentrations are highly effective (log reductions: >4.0) whereas procedures employing disinfectant detergents act like soap (log reductions: ≤ 3.2) and may cause dissemination of pathogens.

SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR PREPARING MUCOADHESIVE FILMS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (06) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
B Singh ◽  
◽  
R Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Drug Delivery Devices

Polymeric mucoadhesive films are considered highly effective alternative to various other mucoadhesive drug delivery devices like tablets, gels or patches. The moulds or petridishes generally employed in formulating such mucoadhesive films invariably leads to variation in heterogeneity of film thickness and eventually drug content in the film portion of desired dimensions. This limits the choice of mucoadhesive films prepared using these methods. The current investigation, therefore, reports the design of a quite simple, effective and economical technique for formulation of thin mucoadhesive films and validation of the robustness of the process by monitoring the film thickness, drug content, mucoadhesion and drug release characteristics.

scholarly journals Simulación y pruebas de laboratorio de un aspa de turbina de viento de 600W de acuerdo a la Norma IEC-61400-2

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Paulina Marin-Tellez ◽  
Víctor López-Garza ◽  
Erick Pérez-Juárez ◽  
Gilberto González-Ávalos
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Standard Normal ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Maximum Thrust

In the present work is shown the numerical simulation performed by means of finite element software (FEA) and the static mechanical tests using extensometric techniques for a wind turbine blade of 600W in accordance with the international standard IEC 61400-2. A NACA 4412 profile was used and the loads applied were selected according to the following load hypotheses described in the standard: normal operation, maximum thrust, immobilization with wind load and maximum exposure. A methodology was developed for both the simulation and for the laboratory tests, the data of the microdeformation measured by extensometry were also analyzed and compared with those obtained by the numerical simulation. Concluding that the analysis of finite elements is a key step prior to manufacturing that allows us to save resources and gives us parameters to perform both manufacturing and testing. Laboratory tests are necessary to ensure safe and reliable functioning of the blade during its useful life.

scholarly journals Methods to monitor the therapy oral anticoagulants: the current problems.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
J. Antovic ◽  
Tat'yana B. Kondratieva
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Coagulation Assays ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Effective Drugs

Oral anticoagulants antivitamin-K (ОАС - AVК) are highly effective drugs that prevent the development of venous thrombosis, stroke in atrial fibrillation. Routine monitoring is not recommended for DOAC. If measurements are necessary LC-MS/MS is the gold standard. The classical coagulation assays, PT-INR and aPTT, have no or very limited utility. The absence of the ability of simple laboratory tests in emergent or urgent surgery or procedures still remains unresolved.

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