Fan Lift in VTOL Design

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (704) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. West
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Commercial Airline ◽  
Time Period ◽  
North Eastern

During the past two years the commercial airline operators and the travelling public alike have been forced to acknowledge the rapid increase in airport congestion. This problem is most marked in the North Eastern area of America at the present time but a similar situation will develop fairly soon at major airports in Europe. Even with the introduction of the airbus to scheduled services, the number of aircraft movements at conventional airports, within a given time period, will reach a maximum safe level. The restrictions are imposed partly by the large number of aircraft operations on each runway, and partly by Air Traffic Control safety limits.

Air Traffic Control Separation Minima and Navigational Capability

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-456
Author(s):  
A. White
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Navigational Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Consequent Improvement ◽  
Control Service

During the past twenty-five years the aviation scene has progressed from one in which relatively small numbers of aircraft flew from point of origin to destination with the guidance afforded by very limited M/F range facilities and a great deal of individual navigational skill on the part of the operating crews. Air traffic control functioned only as a means of sorting out the order of take-off and landing. Moving forward to the present we see the already high density traffic serving the population centres of the world continuing to increase at a rate of around 10 per cent per annum. Both station referenced and self-contained navigational systems proliferate and control of traffic must be almost total if collision accidents are to be avoided. During the same time period aircraft speeds have increased threefold and necessitated a consequent improvement in the ability of the air traffic control service to react quickly and precisely to any conflict situations, either by detection in the strategic/planning case or resolution in the tactical frame by direct intervention before critical situations can develop.

Aeronautical Satellite Systems for Air Traffic Control and Communications in the European Environment

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (700) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
H. G. Leysieffer
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Traffic Surveillance ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
North Atlantic Area

The North Atlantic is increasingly developing into the main trade route of the age. Shipping, the pioneer along this highway of commerce, in the past decade has been joined by air traffic displaying a striking growth rate. Not only is the number of aircraft simultaneously plying the Atlantic routes constantly on the increase, but also the volume of passengers and freight transported on each flight. The question, whether such flow of traffic in the air and on water could be dealt with in future with the safety to which it is entitled, has led to world-wide discussions over the past few years concerning the necessity for an air traffic surveillance system for the North Atlantic area. A further question, whether one should not include also sea traffic in such a system suggested itself. The initiative for holding such discussions naturally proceeded less from air and shipping undertakings, but rather from those committees who are entrusted in supervising the safety in the conduct of man and merchandise.

Siting of Landing Strips for International Aircraft Movements in Great Britain

1950 ◽  
Vol 54 (476) ◽  
pp. 541-543
Author(s):  
William Courtenay
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Airline Pilot ◽  
Commercial Airline ◽  
Twin Rotor

Air travel at 600 m.p.h. to 650 m.p.h. in the next decade and the use of multi-seat twin rotor helicopters on internal air routes to help to solve terminal delay problems, bring in their train growing problems of Air Traffic Control. Full use of high speed civil transports and helicopters does not seem practicable within the British Isles unless the problem of the siting of landing strips is reviewed and unless ideas on this subject are recast in the light of growing experience.To the commercial airline pilot Great Britain is indeed a “tight little island.” It will appear smaller yet when the de Havilland Comet jet air liner operates to time-tables of approximately double the speed of most of the existing schedules of today.

III—Dectra

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-405
Author(s):  
G. Hawker
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Main Route ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Dectra (Decca Track/Range) is one of two British systems recommended at the March 1954. meeting of Com. Division of I.C.A.O. in Montreal for evaluation by interested States. Arrangements are now being made to commence proving trials of Dectra at the end of this year or possibly the beginning of 1957. The trials will be made under the auspices of the Ministry of Supply and Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation in this country and with the support of the Department of Transport in Newfoundland. The system is primarily designed for the navigation of fast jet aircraft across the North Atlantic, a problem intensified by air traffic control when more than 100 aircraft are in the air at the same time on those routes. It is, however, likely to prove valuable for other similar applications. The trials installation will cover the main route Prestwick–Gander.

Epidemiology of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in the past 25 years in the North-Eastern area of Romania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Covic ◽  
Cristiana-Elena Vlad ◽  
Irina-Draga Căruntu ◽  
Luminita Voroneanu ◽  
Simona Hogas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

Automatic Air Traffic Control

1959 ◽  
Vol 63 (588) ◽  
pp. 685-686
Author(s):  
E. W. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Vertical Descent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
Visual Clues

World interest in the development of a satisfactory fully automatic all weather landing system has increased considerably in the past year or so. Statistics on accidents reveal the disquieting fact that a very large percentage occur in the landing phase, either in poor visibility or in conditions where limited or misleading visual clues conspire to affect a pilot's judgment of the required vertical descent path. Factors such as the changed performance characteristics of large turbo-jet aircraft, higher approach and landing speeds and differences in the approach attitude of new aircraft all add to the pilot's difficulties during the landing operation.

London—New York Comet III ‘Paper’ Operation

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
E. W. Pike
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
The North ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Daily Paper

In order to obtain some experience of problems that were likely to be encountered in the operation of the Comet III across the North Atlantic, B.O.A.C. decided early in 1954 to conduct a daily ‘paper’ operation between London and New York. The aircraft was planned to depart from London at 1000 G.M.T. each day. It was felt that the production of operational statistics on the basis of a daily operation in this way would enable the Corporation to compile useful information on such vital subjects as elapsed times, payload capacity, fuel uplift requirements, the frequency with which particular routeings were likely to be used and the adequacy of existing meteorological telecommunications and air traffic control services. In order to obtain the basic meteorological data for planning flights it was necessary to enlist the cooperation of the London Airport Meteorological Forecasting Unit and their most helpful cooperation played an important part in the results achieved.

Air Traffic Control Over The North Atlantic

1959 ◽  
Vol 63 (580) ◽  
pp. 206-220
Author(s):  
E. W. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
The North ◽  
Ultimate Responsibility ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Safety Considerations

Before considering the special case of the North Atlantic, I should like to attempt some clarification of the term “Air Traffic Control” (A.T.C.). It is in fact a service for which I.C.A.O. member states have accepted responsibility dedicated primarily to avoidance of air-to-air collision hazards and secondly, to providing an expeditious traffic flow. When traffic is dense these requirements are somewhat incompatible and, of course, safety considerations are paramount; therefore the traffic flow suffers impediment in some form or other. Traffic Controllers provide service by issuing clearances which are subject to pilot acceptance. Pilots can ask for alternative clearances if they deem those offered unacceptable. Although the A.T.C. service clearly shoulders a large measure of responsibility for avoidance of air-to-air collisions, the ultimate responsibility is vested in the pilot-in-command who is authorised to take any action he considers necessary to maintain safe flight.

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