Birthrights: Freedom, Responsibility, and Democratic Comportment in Aeschylus'Oresteia

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH MARKOVITS
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Intergenerational Justice ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Jurgen Habermas

Through an examination of Aeschylus'Oresteia, this essay argues for the critical importance of intergenerational justice to democratic theory. It explores the difficulties of democratic responsibility given the tension between necessity and freedom central to questions of intergenerational justice. The essay first details the relevant lacunae in the theories of two major figures of contemporary democratic theory, John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas. It then develops an account of democratic responsibility that acknowledges human freedom to make decisions, even given the necessity created by the fact that individuals and communities inherit their own range of potential actions from previous generations. The essay elaborates this claim by examining how each of the central figures in theOresteiadeals first with the dilemmas inherited from the past and then with new situations engendered by his or her own actions. The essay concludes with a consideration of this aspect of democracy in contemporary political life.

DESOBEDIÊNCIA CIVIL E DEMOCRACIACIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND DEMOCRACY

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Alves (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal)
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Hannah Arendt ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a desobediência civil e a democracia no pensamento político contemporâneo, através das obras de Hannah Arendt, Norberto Bobbio, John Rawls e Jürgen Habermas. A indissociabilidade entre democracia e desobediência civil emerge num ambiente favorável mas antinómico e pleno de tensão.

scholarly journals Taking Back Control over Markets: Jürgen Habermas on the Colonization of Politics by Economics

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172110186
Author(s):  
Peter J Verovšek
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
International Market ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Human Control ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments have highlighted the tension between democracy and late capitalist economics. In the wake of the Great Recession, international market forces have increasingly taken de facto control of politics. My basic thesis is that a modified version of Jürgen Habermas’ colonization thesis, which opposes the takeover of social and political life by the forces of power (administration) and money (economics), productively conceptualizes these developments. I argue that this framework can help to both diagnose and combat the dangers associated with the overexpansion of functional systemic forces, as well as the broader instrumentalization that they promote. By drawing on his political writings on the future of the European Union after the crisis of the Eurozone, I oppose interpretations of Habermas as a pacified liberal by demonstrating that he shares Karl Marx’s commitment to combatting naturalized views of economics and material reproduction as a force that lie outside of human control.

scholarly journals Algunas críticas a la concepción epistémica de la democracia deliberativa de Carlos Nino

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Mariano Garreta Leclercq
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
El Sistema

El presente artículo propone algunas objeciones contra la concepción deliberativa de la democracia desarrollada por Carlos Nino. El blanco central de las objeciones es la tesis del filósofo argentino según la cual el valor del debate democrático derivaría, fundamentalmente, de sus virtudes epistémicas, es decir, de su capacidad para elevar las probabilidades de que el sistema político tome las decisiones correctas. Se cuestiona el modo en que el autor presenta su propuesta como una forma de superar las deficiencias que presentarían las concepciones de John Rawls y Jürgen Habermas en el campo de la epistemología moral. Se intentará demostrar que el modelo de deliberación defendido por Nino no resulta aplicable a un contexto de pluralismo razonable filosófico, religioso y moral como el que resulta característico de las democracias liberales contemporáneas. Por último, se ofrece el esbozo de una concepción alternativa, práctica y moral, no epistémica, del valor de los procedimientos democráticos y de la naturaleza de la legitimidad política.

scholarly journals Liberdade, liberalismo e intervenção do estado: perspectivas teóricas de autores modernos

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-380
Author(s):  
Sávia Lorena Barreto Carvalho De Sousa
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Friedrich Hayek

Este ensaio teórico de base analítica visa entender criticamente aspectos do liberalismo e da intervenção do Estado. Com o objetivo central de resgatar questões trabalhadas por autores modernos da Ciência Política a respeito das formas que uma sociedade pode ser mais justa e combater as desigualdades no mundo, o questionamento principal se desdobra em reflexões sobre como conciliar a liberdade com a atuação dos mercados e a respeito dos limites da democracia neste contexto, discutidos em uma problematização de pensadores como Adam Smith, Alex de Tocqueville, Stuart Mill, Max Weber e Karl Marx em diálogo com teóricos mais contemporâneos, como Friedrich Hayek, John Rawls, Jürgen Habermas e Anthony Giddens. Conclui-se a urgência de um processo de fortalecimento dos Parlamentos, com políticas públicas de inclusão social que permitam uma sociedade mais igualitária e uma educação que abra portas para formar um cidadão crítico, que compreenda as diferenças dentro do campo do respeito ao Outro e às liberdades de escolha. A proposta de contínuo aprimoramento das instituições e juízos através de sistemas de consultas, reformas e revisões jurídicas e políticas, é cada vez mais necessária em um mundo de constantes mudanças.

Jürgen Habermas and Public Reason

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-240
Author(s):  
Miguel Vatter
Keyword(s):  
Public Reason ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Karl Jaspers ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Political Form

This chapter explores Jürgen Habermas’s conception of a post-metaphysical idea of public reason as basis of democratic legitimacy in postsecular societies. It discusses Habermas’s interpretation of Kant’s and Hegel’s philosophies of religion in terms of their efforts to ‘translate’ theological substance into ethico-political form, thus giving a secular meaning to the idea of God’s Kingdom. The chapter shows the roots of Habermas’s adoption of ‘methodological atheism’ in the writings of Karl Jaspers and Ernst Bloch on the relation between philosophy and faith in revelation. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the similarities between Habermas’s and Jacques Derrida’s defences of an essential messianic component in contemporary democratic theory.

What Scope for Ethics in the Public Sphere? Principled Autonomy and the Antinomy of Practical Reason

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-498
Author(s):  
Maureen Junker-Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Practical Reason ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Public Reason ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
The Public ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
The Public Sphere

Concepts of ‘public reason’ vary according to the underlying understandings of theoretical and practical reason; they make a difference to what can be argued for in the public sphere as justified expectations to oneself and fellow-citizens. What is the significance for the scope of ethics when two neo-Kantian theorists of public reason, John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, propose a reduced reading of the ‘antinomy’ highlighted in Kant’s analysis of practical reason? The desire for meaning, unrelinquishable for humans, is frustrated when moral initiatives are met with hostility. Kant resolves the antinomy between morality and happiness by invoking the concept of a creator God whose concern that our anticipatory moral actions should not fail encourages the hope on which human agency relies. Defining the scope of ethics by the unconditional character of reason ( Vernunft) rules out the minimisation of ethics to what can safely be expected to be delivered.

The Hijab Debate in the Norwegian Press: Secular or Religious Arguments?

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora Alexa Døving
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Religious Motivation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Religious Symbols ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
The Public Sphere

Do religious debaters challenge the secular public sphere? This article is an analysis of the largest religion related debate in Norway: the debate about the hijab and the use of religious symbols in the public sphere. The article is empirically founded on the debates in 2009 that began with the question about to which degree the hijab could become part of the Norwegian police uniform for those who would wish to use it. The analysis is mainly centred on the arguments of the hijab wearers: to what degree is their religious motivation translated into a secular language? The empirical examination will show that Muslim debaters arguments can be characterized by a striking absence of references to religious concepts, and a just as striking use of secular ones. The article suggests that the lack of religious argumentation is an expression of an Islamic secularism rather than a result of a translation process. The hijab wearer's arguments are presented in the light of John Rawls’ and Jürgen Habermas’ thoughts about the need for translation—and its price.

scholarly journals Debate público e filosofia no Brasil

Idéias ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nythamar Hilario Fernandes de Oliveira Junior
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Amartya Sen ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas

No ensaio que abre o dossiê, de autoria de Nythamar de Oliveira, são discutidos alguns paradigmas teóricos na filosofia política contemporânea, notadamente as teorias de John Rawls, Jürgen Habermas e Amartya Sen. São mobilizados, nesse contexto, conceitos centrais na filosofia política como os de igualdade, liberdade, equidade, democracia, justiça e autonomia. Mais do que apresentar as ideias desses autores de grande relevo na atualidade, conectando-as com debate filosófico mais amplo, o ensaio “Debatepúblico e filosofia no Brasil” oferece também uma reflexão sobre o papel dessas teorias – e dos filósofos que delas se ocupam – na realidade política brasileira e, mais especificamente, no contexto da formação e consolidação das instituições democráticas em nosso país. Para tanto, o autor mescla de maneira peculiar contribuições de filósofos pertencentes às mais diversas posições do espectro político e ideológico.

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